2026-09-17T12:15:17Z https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/oai

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/4 2020-09-08T00:29:16Z gestar:ART

Physiotherapeutic Treatment With Propioception And Strengthening Of A Patient With Rotulian Tendinitis: Investigation article Tratamiento Fisioterapéutico Con Propiocepción Y Fortalecimiento De Un Paciente Con Tendinitis Rotuliana: Artículo de investigación Zambrano-Chavarría, Jean Carlos tratamiento fisioterapéutico propiocepción fortalecimiento muscular tendinitis rotuliana physiotherapeutic treatment proprioception muscle strengthening patellar tendinitis Proprioceptive work should be included in the resolution phase of an injury and training, since it is here that each of the qualities necessary for sports practice and daily physical activity are enhanced. The objective of this study is to functionally recover the affected lower limb of a patient with patellar tendinitis, using proprioceptive and muscle strengthening techniques, in order to reincorporate him into activities of daily living. The investigation was carried out at the rehabilitation center of the Manabí Sports Federation, Portoviejo, Ecuador. When the treatment ended, it was observed that the patient had improvements in muscle strength, tone and endurance, as well as improvement in automatic reflexes. Proprioception of the knee joint is essential for proper joint mobility and stability, as it comes from receptors located in tendon, skin, and joint muscle structures. Keywords: physiotherapeutic treatment, proprioception, muscle strengthening, patellar tendinitis. El trabajo propioceptivo debe ser incluido en la etapa resolutiva de una lesión y del entrenamiento, ya que es aquí donde se potencializan cada una de las cualidades necesarias para la práctica deportiva y la actividad física cotidiana. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo recuperar funcionalmente el miembro inferior afectado de un paciente con tendinitis rotuliana, mediante técnicas propioceptivas y de fortalecimiento muscular, para de esta forma reincorporarlo a las actividades de la vida diaria. La investigación fue realizada en el centro de rehabilitación de la Federación Deportiva de Manabí, Portoviejo, Ecuador. Cuando finalizó el tratamiento pudo observarse que el paciente tuvo mejoras en la fuerza, tono y resistencia muscular, así como la mejora de reflejos automáticos. La propiocepción de la articulación de la rodilla es esencial para una movilidad y estabilidad articular apropiada, puesto que procede de receptores localizados en estructuras musculares tendinosas, cutáneas y articulares. Palabras clave: tratamiento fisioterapéutico, propiocepción, fortalecimiento muscular, tendinitis rotuliana. Abstract Proprioceptive work should be included in the resolution phase of an injury and training, since it is here that each of the qualities necessary for sports practice and daily physical activity are enhanced. The objective of this study is to functionally recover the affected lower limb of a patient with patellar tendinitis, using proprioceptive and muscle strengthening techniques, in order to reincorporate him into activities of daily living. The investigation was carried out at the rehabilitation center of the Manabí Sports Federation, Portoviejo, Ecuador. When the treatment ended, it was observed that the patient had improvements in muscle strength, tone and endurance, as well as improvement in automatic reflexes. Proprioception of the knee joint is essential for proper joint mobility and stability, as it comes from receptors located in tendon, skin, and joint muscle structures. Keywords: physiotherapeutic treatment, proprioception, muscle strengthening, patellar tendinitis. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 25 de octubre de 2019Fecha de aceptación: 11 de diciembre de 2019Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2020 SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2020-01-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/4 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 3 No. 5 (2020): GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research; 2-11 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 3 Núm. 5 (2020): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 2-11 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/4/1 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/4/3 Derechos de autor 2020 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/5 2020-09-08T00:29:16Z gestar:ART

Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis: Presentation Of A Clinical Case: Investigation article Tuberculosis Extrapulmonar: Presentación De Un Caso Clínico: Artículo de investigación Echeverria-Pilco, María José tuberculosis abdominal tuberculosis en niños tratamiento abdominal tuberculosis tuberculosis in children treatment Abdominal tuberculosis comprises about 5 percent of all cases of Tuberculosis, this pathology is considered an insidious onset disease and chronic presentation, which is rarely listed as an emergency, its complications, without an adequate clinical approach, can misleading the doctor, in many cases of tuberculosis in children, laboratory confirmation is never established, as is the case with this particular case and it is there that we can establish a presumptive diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis based on the clinical or imaging response presented by the patient to empirical treatment, especially for situations in which there is a high index of suspicion of this pathology. Keywords: abdominal tuberculosis, tuberculosis in children, treatment La tuberculosis abdominal comprende alrededor del 5% de todos los casos de tuberculosis, esta patología es considerada una enfermedad de inicio insidioso y presentación crónica, misma  que rara vez es catalogada como una urgencia; sus complicaciones, sin un adecuado enfoque clínico, pueden desorientar al médico, en muchos casos de tuberculosis en niños, la confirmación de laboratorio nunca se establece, como sucede con este caso en particular y es allí donde se determina que un diagnóstico presuntivo de tuberculosis abdominal basado en la respuesta clínica o imagenológica que presente el paciente al tratamiento empírico, especialmente para situaciones en las que existe un alto índice de sospecha de esta patología. Palabras clave: tuberculosis abdominal, tuberculosis en niños, tratamiento. Abstract Abdominal tuberculosis comprises about 5 percent of all cases of Tuberculosis, this pathology is considered an insidious onset disease and chronic presentation, which is rarely listed as an emergency, its complications, without an adequate clinical approach, can misleading the doctor, in many cases of tuberculosis in children, laboratory confirmation is never established, as is the case with this particular case and it is there that we can establish a presumptive diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis based on the clinical or imaging response presented by the patient to empirical treatment, especially for situations in which there is a high index of suspicion of this pathology. Keywords: abdominal tuberculosis, tuberculosis in children, treatment. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 12 de septiembre de 2019Fecha de aceptación: 25 de noviembre de 2019Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2020 SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2020-01-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/5 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 3 No. 5 (2020): GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research; 12-26 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 3 Núm. 5 (2020): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 12-26 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/5/4 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/5/5 Derechos de autor 2020 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/6 2020-09-08T00:28:32Z gestar:ART

Congenital hydronphrosis in a pediatric patient: image assessment of a clinical case: Investigation article Hidronefrosis congénita en paciente pediátrico: valoración por imágenes de un caso clínico: Artículo de investigación Mosquera-Pinargote, Everling Hidronefrosis congénita diagnóstico prenatal ultrasonido Congenital hydronephrosis prenatal diagnosis ultrasound Among the renal anomalies that affect the fetus and the newborn, hydronephrosis is the most frequent of them, well ahead of others such as agenesis, dysplasias or renal tumor lesions. This describes the presence of a dilation of the renal collecting system based on the anteroposterior diameter of the renal pelvis measured by ultrasound; it is considered normal when it is below 7 mm. Currently most diagnoses of hydronephrosis are made during the antenatal period and thanks to this there have been numerous advances in the knowledge of congenital malformations of the fetus, the diagnosis and design of better management strategies for the pregnant mother and to the early treatment in the postnatal life of these fetuses. We present the clinical case of a 7-year-old patient who came to an ultrasound center with an order for renoureteral bladder ultrasonography for renal pathology control, with a history of hydronephrosis detected in the prenatal stage and complications of it currently. Ultrasound is the study of choice for the diagnosis and monitoring of congenital hydronephrosis, however, simple ultrasound does not provide data on renal function. The development and generalization of the use of ultrasounds coincided in time with the development of other diagnostic imaging techniques, which allow the urologist to more accurately track therapeutic decisions. Keywords: Congenital hydronephrosis, prenatal diagnosis, ultrasound. Entre las anomalías renales que afectan al feto y al recién nacido, la hidronefrosis es la más frecuente, muy por delante de otras como las agenesias, displasias o lesiones tumorales renales. Esta anomalía se caracteriza por la presencia de una dilatación del sistema colector renal que en función del diámetro anteroposterior de la pelvis renal, medido por ecografía, se considera que es normal cuando se encuentra por debajo de 7 mm. En la actualidad la mayoría de los diagnósticos de hidronefrosis se realizan durante el período antenatal y gracias a esto se han producido numerosos avances en el conocimiento de las malformaciones congénitas del feto, debido principalmente al diagnóstico y al diseño de mejores estrategias de manejo de la madre gestante y al tratamiento precoz en la vida postnatal de esos fetos. Se presenta el caso clínico de un paciente de 7 años de edad que acude a centro ecográfico con orden para ultrasonografía renoureteral vesical, por motivo de control de patología renal, con antecedentes de hidronefrosis detectada en etapa prenatal y complicaciones detectadas en la actualidad. La ecografía es el estudio de elección principal para el diagnóstico y seguimiento de una hidronefrosis congénita, sin embargo, la ecografía simple no aporta datos de la función renal. El desarrollo y generalización del uso de los ultrasonidos coincidió en el tiempo con el desarrollo de otras técnicas de diagnóstico por imagen, que permiten al urólogo realizar un seguimiento más exacto de las decisiones terapéuticas que debe tomar. Palabras clave: Hidronefrosis congénita, diagnóstico prenatal, ultrasonido. Abstract Among the renal anomalies that affect the fetus and the newborn, hydronephrosis is the most frequent of them, well ahead of others such as agenesis, dysplasias or renal tumor lesions. This describes the presence of a dilation of the renal collecting system based on the anteroposterior diameter of the renal pelvis measured by ultrasound; it is considered normal when it is below 7 mm. Currently most diagnoses of hydronephrosis are made during the antenatal period and thanks to this there have been numerous advances in the knowledge of congenital malformations of the fetus, the diagnosis and design of better management strategies for the pregnant mother and to the early treatment in the postnatal life of these fetuses. We present the clinical case of a 7-year-old patient who came to an ultrasound center with an order for renoureteral bladder ultrasonography for renal pathology control, with a history of hydronephrosis detected in the prenatal stage and complications of it currently. Ultrasound is the study of choice for the diagnosis and monitoring of congenital hydronephrosis, however, simple ultrasound does not provide data on renal function. The development and generalization of the use of ultrasounds coincided in time with the development of other diagnostic imaging techniques, which allow the urologist to more accurately track therapeutic decisions. Keywords: Congenital hydronephrosis, prenatal diagnosis, ultrasound. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 22 de marzo de 2019Fecha de aceptación: 15 de mayo de 2019Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2019 SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2019-07-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/6 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 2 No. 4 (2019): GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research; 2-16 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 2 Núm. 4 (2019): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 2-16 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/6/6 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/6/7 Derechos de autor 2019 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/7 2020-09-08T00:28:32Z gestar:ART

Risk factors and clinical manifestations of arterial hypertension: Bibliographic review article Factores de riesgo y manifestaciones clínicas de la hipertensión arterial: Artículo de revisión bibliográfica Hidalgo-Parra, Erick Antonio tensión arterial hipertensión riesgos evidencias clínicas blood pressure hypertension risks clinical evidence Hypertension is a latent health problem worldwide, so this chronic disease is very frequent nationwide and is the leading cause of death worldwide, with an average prevalence of 25%. Therefore, the objective of this article is to review the scientific literature proposed in open access databases according to the variables established for the search for information. The variables were: arterial hypertension, risk factors and clinical manifestations. In total 24 documents were reviewed, including books, statistics from health institutions, health reports and scientific manuscripts published in journals indexed in Scopus, ScIELO and Redalyc. It is mentioned that the absolute control of this disease depends on elements such as cardiac output and total peripheral resistance; in addition, most of the patients suffering from this pathology do not present specific signs and symptoms in relation to arterial hypertension; They are commonly identified in a routine medical examination, and it has been shown that this asymptomatic chronic disorder causes damage to the heart, kidneys, blood vessels and brain. Keywords: blood pressure, hypertension, risks, clinical evidence. La hipertensión arterial es una problemática sanitaria latente en todo el mundo, de modo que esta enfermedad crónica es muy frecuente a escala nacional y se constituye en la primera causa de muerte a nivel mundial, con una prevalencia promedio del 25%. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este artículo es revisar la literatura científica propuesta en bases de datos de acceso abierto según las variables establecidas para la búsqueda de información. Las variables fueron: hipertensión arterial, factores de riesgo y manifestaciones clínicas. En total se revisaron 24 documentos, incluyendo libros, estadísticas de instituciones de salud, reportes de salud y manuscritos científicos publicados en revistas indexadas en Scopus, ScIELO y Redalyc. Se menciona que el control absoluto de esta enfermedad depende de elementos como el gasto cardíaco y la resistencia periférica total; además, la mayoría de los pacientes que padecen esta patología no presentan signos y síntomas específicos con relación a la hipertensión arterial; comúnmente son identificados en un examen médico rutinario, y se ha evidenciado que este trastorno crónico asintomático genera lesiones en el corazón, riñones, vasos sanguíneos y cerebro. Palabras clave: tensión arterial, hipertensión, riesgos, evidencias clínicas. Abstract Hypertension is a latent health problem worldwide, so this chronic disease is very frequent nationwide and is the leading cause of death worldwide, with an average prevalence of 25%. Therefore, the objective of this article is to review the scientific literature proposed in open access databases according to the variables established for the search for information. The variables were: arterial hypertension, risk factors and clinical manifestations. In total 24 documents were reviewed, including books, statistics from health institutions, health reports and scientific manuscripts published in journals indexed in Scopus, ScIELO and Redalyc. It is mentioned that the absolute control of this disease depends on elements such as cardiac output and total peripheral resistance; in addition, most of the patients suffering from this pathology do not present specific signs and symptoms in relation to arterial hypertension; They are commonly identified in a routine medical examination, and it has been shown that this asymptomatic chronic disorder causes damage to the heart, kidneys, blood vessels and brain. Keywords: blood pressure, hypertension, risks, clinical evidence. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 10 de abril de 2019Fecha de aceptación: 09 de julio de 2019Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2019 SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2019-07-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/7 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 2 No. 4 (2019): GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research; 27-36 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 2 Núm. 4 (2019): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 27-36 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/7/8 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/7/9 Derechos de autor 2019 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/8 2020-09-08T00:28:32Z gestar:ART

Graphology applied in the detection of psychological profiles of individual breaches of rules: Bibliographic review article Grafología aplicada en la detección de perfiles psicológicos de individuos transgresores de normas: Artículo de revisión bibliográfica Durán-Solórzano, Stéfano Alexander transgresión de normas grafología perfil psicología análisis psicológico transgression of norms graphology profile psychology psychological analysis Among the most complex tasks for mental health professionals dedicated to evaluating people is obtaining psychological profiles, since a high level of expertise is required, especially when trying to assess whether the person has relative characteristics. to the transgression of norms. On the other hand, to develop detection strategies for subjects who violate norms in graphological evaluation, it is necessary to understand some basic concepts such as the definition of graphology, the importance of knowing the sectorisation of the letter and its areas. It is for these reasons that the objective of this manuscript is to analyze the bibliography referring to the psychological profile of individuals who violate norms and their relationship with graphology as a mechanism for detecting this behavior. It was possible to define the psychological characteristics of the subjects who violated the norms, through theoretical frames: the first frame was the psychiatric medical vision using the DSM. The second frame was psychoanalysis, which from the perversion construct, argues that the subject enjoys taking away the status of subject from the other. Keywords: transgression of norms, graphology, profile, psychology, psychological analysis. Entre las labores más complejas para los profesionales de la salud mental que se dedican a la evaluación de personas se encuentra la obtención de perfiles psicológicos, puesto que se requiere un nivel elevado de experticia, sobre todo cuando se pretende valorar si la persona presenta características relativas a la transgresión de normas. Por otra parte, para desarrollar estrategias de detección de sujetos transgresores de normas en la evaluación grafológica, es necesario comprender algunos conceptos básicos como la definición de grafología, la importancia de conocer la sectorización de la letra y sus áreas. Es por estas razones que el objetivo del presente manuscrito es analizar la bibliografía referente al perfil psicológico de los individuos trasgresores de normas y su relación con la grafología como mecanismo de detección de este comportamiento. Se logró definir las características psicológicas de los sujetos transgresores de normas, mediante encuadres teóricos: el primer encuadre fue la visión médico psiquiátrica mediante el DSM. El segundo encuadre fue el psicoanálisis, que desde el constructo de perversión, argumenta que el sujeto goza quitándole el estatus de sujeto al otro. Palabras clave: transgresión de normas, grafología, perfil, psicología, análisis psicológico. Abstract Among the most complex tasks for mental health professionals dedicated to evaluating people is obtaining psychological profiles, since a high level of expertise is required, especially when trying to assess whether the person has relative characteristics. to the transgression of norms. On the other hand, to develop detection strategies for subjects who violate norms in graphological evaluation, it is necessary to understand some basic concepts such as the definition of graphology, the importance of knowing the sectorisation of the letter and its areas. It is for these reasons that the objective of this manuscript is to analyze the bibliography referring to the psychological profile of individuals who violate norms and their relationship with graphology as a mechanism for detecting this behavior. It was possible to define the psychological characteristics of the subjects who violated the norms, through theoretical frames: the first frame was the psychiatric medical vision using the DSM. The second frame was psychoanalysis, which from the perversion construct, argues that the subject enjoys taking away the status of subject from the other. Keywords: transgression of norms, graphology, profile, psychology, psychological analysis. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción:  21 de junio de 2019Fecha de aceptación: 09 de julio de 2019Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2019 SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2019-07-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/8 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 2 No. 4 (2019): GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research; 17-26 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 2 Núm. 4 (2019): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 17-26 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/8/10 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/8/11 Derechos de autor 2019 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/9 2020-09-08T00:26:41Z gestar:ART

Augmentation mammoplasty: physiotherapeutic approach: Review article Mamoplastia de aumento: abordaje fisioterapéutico: Artículo de revisión Fernández-Palma, Claudia Cirugía plástica mamoplastia de aumento fisioterapia dermatofuncional contractura capsular intervención fisioterapéutica Plastic surgery augmentation mammoplasty dermatofunctional physiotherapy capsular contracture physiotherapeutic intervention Currently, the number of cosmetic surgeries performed in the country continues to increase, specifically those that are aimed at improving the appearance of the breasts due to their relationship with beauty in Latin culture; each time this type of intervention is being carried out in people of early ages, almost close to adolescence. The objective of this research is to make known the importance of the physiotherapeutic approach and intervention, based on the main complications generated by performing augmentation mammoplasty cosmetic surgery in the postoperative phase, in this case being capsular contracture. For this, a review of various scientific articles of an international nature and of different databases was carried out in order to fulfill the objective proposed in the research. Likewise, it was noted that the earlier the intervention by the physiotherapist through manual lymphatic drainage, the application of ultrasound and myofascial induction, there are greater possibilities of reducing complications related to cosmetic surgery and incorporation of the patient into their activities. everyday. Keywords: Plastic surgery, augmentation mammoplasty, dermatofunctional physiotherapy, capsular contracture, physiotherapeutic intervention. En la actualidad, el número de cirugías estéticas realizadas en el país sigue en aumento, específicamente aquellas que van encaminadas en el mejoramiento de la apariencia de los senos por su relación con la belleza en la cultura latina; cada vez este tipo de intervención se está llevando a cabo en personas de edades tempranas, casi cercanas a la adolescencia. El objetivo de esta investigación es dar a conocer la importancia del abordaje e intervención fisioterapéutica, partiendo de las principales complicaciones generadas por la realización de la cirugía estética de mamoplastia de aumento en la fase postoperatoria, siendo en este caso la contractura capsular. Para ello se llevó a cabo la revisión de diversos artículos científicos de carácter internacional y de diferentes bases de datos con el fin de cumplir el objetivo propuesto en la investigación. Asimismo, se denotó que mientras más temprana sea la intervención por parte del fisioterapeuta a través del drenaje linfático manual, la aplicación de ultrasonido y la inducción miofascial, existen mayores posibilidades de reducir las complicaciones relacionadas con la cirugía estética e incorporación del paciente a sus actividades cotidianas. Palabras clave: Cirugía plástica, mamoplastia de aumento, fisioterapia dermatofuncional, contractura capsular, intervención fisioterapéutica.  Abstract Currently, the number of cosmetic surgeries performed in the country continues to increase, specifically those that are aimed at improving the appearance of the breasts due to their relationship with beauty in Latin culture; each time this type of intervention is being carried out in people of early ages, almost close to adolescence. The objective of this research is to make known the importance of the physiotherapeutic approach and intervention, based on the main complications generated by performing augmentation mammoplasty cosmetic surgery in the postoperative phase, in this case being capsular contracture. For this, a review of various scientific articles of an international nature and of different databases was carried out in order to fulfill the objective proposed in the research. Likewise, it was noted that the earlier the intervention by the physiotherapist through manual lymphatic drainage, the application of ultrasound and myofascial induction, there are greater possibilities of reducing complications related to cosmetic surgery and incorporation of the patient into their activities. everyday. Keywords: Plastic surgery, augmentation mammoplasty, dermatofunctional physiotherapy, capsular contracture, physiotherapeutic intervention. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 26 de octubre de 2017Fecha de aceptación: 15 de diciembre de 2017Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2018 SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2018-01-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/9 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018): GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research; 2-9 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 1 Núm. 1 (2018): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 2-9 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/9/12 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/9/13 Derechos de autor 2018 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/10 2020-09-08T00:26:41Z gestar:ART

Virtual training for a quality system ISO 9001: 2008 in the mobile hospital # 1 of Ecuador: Investigation article Capacitación virtual para un sistema de calidad ISO 9001:2008 en el hospital móvil #1 de Ecuador: Artículo de investigación Durán-Solórzano, Stéfano Alexander Martínez-Minda, Héctor Alfredo Gestión calidad capacitación hospital funcionarios Management quality training hospital workers The demand for hospital services provokes the need to implement mobile units incorporated into the public health network, which allow for offering health services optimally and under quality criteria that guarantee the satisfaction of the interested parties. In this sense, the Mobile Hospital No.1 began attending to the public on June 20, 2011 in the city of Guayaquil, Ecuador and since its foundation has carried out more than 10,000 services. The objective of the investigation was to diagnose the current situation of the 47 collaborators or workers of the aforementioned organization regarding the conditions and administrative characteristics of their functions to infer about the need to implement a virtual training plan that allows optimizing the management of processes based on the requirements of ISO 9001: 2008. It was determined that 45% of the respondents claimed that the staff do have training to better perform their duties; while 55% maintain that proper training is not carried out. It was corroborated that there is a need to implement a training program through a virtual platform, so that it contributes to the improvement of processes in the care of patients who come to the Mobile Hospital No. 1. Keywords: Management, quality, training, hospital, workers. La demanda de servicios hospitalarios provoca la necesidad de implementar unidades móviles incorporadas a la red de salud pública, que permitan ofrecer los servicios sanitarios de forma óptima y bajo criterios de calidad que garanticen la satisfacción de las partes interesadas. En este sentido, el Hospital Móvil No.1 inició la atención al público el 20 de junio de 2011 en la ciudad de Guayaquil, Ecuador y desde su fundación ha realizado más de 10000 atenciones. El objetivo de la investigación fue diagnosticar la situación actual de los 47 colaboradores o trabajadores de la organización antes mencionada respecto a las condiciones y características administrativas de sus funciones para inferir acerca de la necesidad de implementar un plan de capacitación virtual que permita optimizar la gestión de procesos basado en los requisitos de la norma ISO 9001:2008. Se determinó que el 45% de los encuestados alegó que el personal sí tiene capacitación para realizar mejor sus funciones; mientras que un 55% sostiene que no se ejecuta una debida formación. Se pudo corroborar que existe la necesidad de implantar un programa de capacitación mediante una plataforma virtual, para que contribuya a la mejora de los procesos en la atención a los pacientes que acuden al Hospital Móvil Nº 1. Palabras clave: Gestión, calidad, capacitación, hospital, funcionarios. Abstract The demand for hospital services provokes the need to implement mobile units incorporated into the public health network, which allow for offering health services optimally and under quality criteria that guarantee the satisfaction of the interested parties. In this sense, the Mobile Hospital No.1 began attending to the public on June 20, 2011 in the city of Guayaquil, Ecuador and since its foundation has carried out more than 10,000 services. The objective of the investigation was to diagnose the current situation of the 47 collaborators or workers of the aforementioned organization regarding the conditions and administrative characteristics of their functions to infer about the need to implement a virtual training plan that allows optimizing the management of processes based on the requirements of ISO 9001: 2008. It was determined that 45% of the respondents claimed that the staff do have training to better perform their duties; while 55% maintain that proper training is not carried out. It was corroborated that there is a need to implement a training program through a virtual platform, so that it contributes to the improvement of processes in the care of patients who come to the Mobile Hospital No. 1. Keywords: Management, quality, training, hospital, workers. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 10 de noviembre de 2017Fecha de aceptación: 20 de diciembre de 2017Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2018 SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2018-01-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/10 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018): GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research; 10-16 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 1 Núm. 1 (2018): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 10-16 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/10/14 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/10/15 Derechos de autor 2018 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/11 2020-09-08T00:27:19Z gestar:ART

Design of the training program in E-Learning mode for the mobile hospital # 1 in Ecuador: Investigation article Diseño del programa de formación en modalidad E-Learning para el hospital móvil #1 del Ecuador: Artículo de investigación Durán-Solórzano, Stéfano Alexander Martínez-Minda, Héctor Alfredo Capacitación virtual planificación evaluación hospital Management quality training hospital workers Training is a process of continuous improvement, which uses evaluation as the main element to feed back into the needs of the organization, and it is also defined as a means to achieve the goals set. In accordance with the aforementioned, the objective of a proposal based on virtual training allows to contribute to the improvement of care for patients who come to mobile hospital No. 1, by implementing the training program in E-learning mode to optimize processes. With the commitment and purpose of improving the performance results of the work of the staff of the Mobile Hospital No. 1, a training plan was carried out to facilitate the learning and development of health personnel. The results and application of the platform made updating processes possible in a short time. For its part, E-Learning, facilitated the development of classes that allowed to enhance interest in training. Finally, in order for online training to generate significant results, it requires a strong dose of continuous commitment that enables excellence to be achieved. Keywords: Management, quality, training, hospital, workers. La capacitación es un proceso de mejora continua, que utiliza la evaluación como elemento principal para retroalimentarse en las necesidades de la organización, además, se define como un medio para alcanzar las metas planteadas. En concordancia con lo mencionado, el objetivo de una propuesta basada en la capacitación virtual permite contribuir al mejoramiento de la atención a los pacientes que acuden al hospital móvil Nº 1, mediante la implementación del programa de formación en modalidad E-learning para optimizar los procesos. Con el compromiso y el propósito de mejorar los resultados en el desempeño de las labores del personal del Hospital Móvil Nº 1, se realizó un plan de capacitación que facilite el aprendizaje y desarrollo del personal de salud. Los resultados y aplicación de la plataforma posibilitaron en un tiempo corto, realizar los procesos de actualización. Por su parte, E-Learning, facilitó el desarrollo de clases que permitió potenciar el interés en las capacitaciones. Finalmente, para que la capacitación en línea genere resultados significativos, demanda de una fuerte dosis de compromiso continuo, que permita alcanzar la excelencia. Palabras clave: Capacitación virtual, planificación, evaluación, hospital, Abstract Training is a process of continuous improvement, which uses evaluation as the main element to feed back into the needs of the organization, and it is also defined as a means to achieve the goals set. In accordance with the aforementioned, the objective of a proposal based on virtual training allows to contribute to the improvement of care for patients who come to mobile hospital No. 1, by implementing the training program in E-learning mode to optimize processes. With the commitment and purpose of improving the performance results of the work of the staff of the Mobile Hospital No. 1, a training plan was carried out to facilitate the learning and development of health personnel. The results and application of the platform made updating processes possible in a short time. For its part, E-Learning, facilitated the development of classes that allowed to enhance interest in training. Finally, in order for online training to generate significant results, it requires a strong dose of continuous commitment that enables excellence to be achieved. Keywords: Management, quality, training, hospital, workers. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 06 de abril de 2018Fecha de aceptación: 14 de junio de 2018Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2018 SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2018-07-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/11 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 1 No. 2 (2018): GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research; 2-9 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 1 Núm. 2 (2018): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 2-9 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/11/16 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/11/17 Derechos de autor 2018 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/12 2020-09-08T00:27:19Z gestar:ART

Importance of quality of life and job satisfaction in current working conditions: Review article Importancia de la calidad de vida y la satisfacción laboral en las condiciones actuales de trabajo : Artículo de revisión Mendoza-Mestanza, Geanella Vanessa Calidad de vida bienestar trabajo satisfacción felicidad Quality of life , well-being work satisfaction happiness The evaluation of the quality of life is made around factors such as emotional well-being, wealth and material well-being, health, work and other forms of productive activity, family and social relationships, security and integration with the community. Each of these elements can be analyzed from an objective and subjective perspective. On the other hand, job satisfaction is associated with well-being. For this reason, the purpose of the manuscript is to discuss the bibliography related to job satisfaction and quality of life, as well as its relevance in current work conditions. In particular, the significant factors of working life are organizational culture, the value system, interpersonal relationships, career opportunities, sense of personal recognition, balance between personal life and work. In conclusion, the quality of work life completely covers current work conditions that promote physical, social, economic satisfaction and the psychological needs of employees, in relation to the success of the organization. Keywords: Quality of life, well-being, work, satisfaction, happiness. La evaluación de la calidad de vida se realiza en torno a factores como bienestar emocional, riqueza y bienestar material, salud, trabajo y otras formas de actividad productiva, relaciones familiares y sociales, seguridad e integración con la comunidad. Cada uno de estos elementos pueden ser analizados desde una mirada objetiva y subjetiva. Por otra parte, la satisfacción laboral se encuentra asociada con el bienestar. Es por esta razón que el propósito del manuscrito es discutir la bibliografía relacionada con la satisfacción laboral y la calidad de vida, así como su relevancia en las condiciones actuales de trabajo. En particular, los factores significativos de la vida laboral son la cultura organizacional, el sistema de valores, relaciones interpersonales, oportunidades de hacer carrera, sentido de reconocimiento personal, equilibrio entre la vida personal y el trabajo. En conclusión, la calidad de vida laboral cubre por completo las condiciones actuales del trabajo que promueven la satisfacción física, social, económica y las necesidades psicológicas de los empleados, en relación con el éxito de la organización. Palabras clave: Calidad de vida, bienestar, trabajo, satisfacción, felicidad. Abstract The evaluation of the quality of life is made around factors such as emotional well-being, wealth and material well-being, health, work and other forms of productive activity, family and social relationships, security and integration with the community. Each of these elements can be analyzed from an objective and subjective perspective. On the other hand, job satisfaction is associated with well-being. For this reason, the purpose of the manuscript is to discuss the bibliography related to job satisfaction and quality of life, as well as its relevance in current work conditions. In particular, the significant factors of working life are organizational culture, the value system, interpersonal relationships, career opportunities, sense of personal recognition, balance between personal life and work. In conclusion, the quality of work life completely covers current work conditions that promote physical, social, economic satisfaction and the psychological needs of employees, in relation to the success of the organization. Keywords: Quality of life, well-being, work, satisfaction, happiness. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 08 de junio de 2018Fecha de aceptación: 04 de julio de 2018Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2018 SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2018-07-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/12 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 1 No. 2 (2018): GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research; 10-24 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 1 Núm. 2 (2018): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 10-24 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/12/18 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/12/19 Derechos de autor 2018 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/13 2020-09-08T00:27:19Z gestar:ART

Oral health preventive programs: fluoridation of drinking water and common salt: Review article Programas preventivos de salud bucal: fluoración del agua potable y sal común: Artículo de revisión Zambrano-Pincay, María Victoria Prevención salud oral agua potable cloruro de sodio fluorización Prevention oral health drinking water sodium chloride fluoridation Globally, there is a latent problem associated with the oral health of the population, since approximately 2.4 billion people suffer from permanent tooth decay. Traditionally, fluoridation is the most common strategy to provide an adequate solution that reduces the high statistics of caries in children and adults worldwide. The most common ways to develop such a strategy are the fluoridation of drinking water and common salt. Therefore, in the present work these strategies are analyzed as ways to establish preventive oral health programs. In conclusion, fluoridation methods in water and table salt have proven to be effective in different nations, however, the preventive oral health program applied on sodium chloride represents significant advantages in terms of cost / benefit ratio and coverage. in the population; even more so in countries like Ecuador, where according to the statistics of the pertinent organisms, low levels of accessibility to drinking water are reached. Keywords: Prevention, oral health, drinking water, sodium chloride, fluoridation. A nivel mundial se observa un problema latente asociado con la salud bucal de la población, puesto que aproximadamente 2400 millones de personas padecen de caries de dientes permanentes. Tradicionalmente, la fluorización es la estrategia más común para brindar una solución adecuada que permita disminuir las elevadas estadísticas de caries en niños y adultos en todo el mundo. Las vías más comunes para desarrollar dicha estrategia son la fluorización del agua potable y la sal común. Por tanto, en el presente trabajo se analizan estas estrategias como vías para establecer programas preventivos de salud oral. En conclusión, los métodos de fluorización en agua y sal de mesa han demostrado ser efectivos en diferentes naciones, sin embargo, el programa preventivo de salud bucal aplicado sobre el cloruro de sodio representa ventajas significativas en cuanto a la relación costo/beneficio y a la cobertura en la población; más aún en países como Ecuador, en el que según las estadísticas de los organismos pertinentes, se alcanzan bajos niveles de accesibilidad al agua potable. Palabras clave: Prevención, salud oral, agua potable, cloruro de sodio, fluorización. Abstract Globally, there is a latent problem associated with the oral health of the population, since approximately 2.4 billion people suffer from permanent tooth decay. Traditionally, fluoridation is the most common strategy to provide an adequate solution that reduces the high statistics of caries in children and adults worldwide. The most common ways to develop such a strategy are the fluoridation of drinking water and common salt. Therefore, in the present work these strategies are analyzed as ways to establish preventive oral health programs. In conclusion, fluoridation methods in water and table salt have proven to be effective in different nations, however, the preventive oral health program applied on sodium chloride represents significant advantages in terms of cost / benefit ratio and coverage. in the population; even more so in countries like Ecuador, where according to the statistics of the pertinent organisms, low levels of accessibility to drinking water are reached. Keywords: Prevention, oral health, drinking water, sodium chloride, fluoridation. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 16 de abril de 2018Fecha de aceptación: 21 de junio de 2018Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2018 SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2018-07-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/13 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 1 No. 2 (2018): GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research; 25-31 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 1 Núm. 2 (2018): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 25-31 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/13/20 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/13/21 Derechos de autor 2018 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/14 2020-09-08T00:27:54Z gestar:ART

Quality of life and job satisfaction of workers in the pharmacy area of the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo hospital, Ecuador: Investigation article Calidad de vida y satisfacción laboral de los funcionarios del área de farmacia del hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, Ecuador: Artículo de investigación Mendoza-Mestanza, Geanella Vanessa satisfacción calidad trabajadores hospital satisfaction quality workers hospital Job satisfaction in organizations is an issue of importance because it affects not only the company's results, but also in different aspects of employees, such as quality of life. The general objective of this work is to determine the incidence of job satisfaction and quality of life of the officials of the Pharmacy area of the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital. The methodology used was based on a quantitative design, with a deductive method, descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional. A census was made to the entire population that was 75 employees, the dimensions of quality of life analyzed were health, happiness, satisfaction with life, economic satisfaction, satisfaction with family life with two scales and satisfaction with subjective well-being, whereas job satisfaction was measured based on two constructs. It was found that all dimensions of quality of life are positively correlated with the two scales of job satisfaction. Keywords: satisfaction, quality, workers, hospital. La satisfacción laboral en las organizaciones es un tema de importancia ya que repercute no sólo en los resultados de la empresa, sino que también en diferentes aspectos de los colaboradores, como lo es la calidad de vida. El objetivo general de este trabajo es determinar la incidencia de la satisfacción laboral y la calidad de vida de los funcionarios del área de Farmacia del Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo. La metodología utilizada fue en base a un diseño cuantitativo, con método deductivo, de tipo descriptiva, correlacional y de corte transversal. Se realizó un censo a la totalidad de la población que fue de 75 empleados, las dimensiones de calidad de vida analizadas fueron salud, felicidad, satisfacción con la vida, satisfacción económica, satisfacción con la vida familiar con dos escalas y satisfacción con el bienestar subjetivo, en tanto que la satisfacción laboral fue medida en base a dos constructos. Se comprobó que todas las dimensiones de calidad de vida están positivamente correlacionadas con las dos escalas de satisfacción laboral. Palabras clave: satisfacción, calidad, trabajadores, hospital. Abstract Job satisfaction in organizations is an issue of importance because it affects not only the company's results, but also in different aspects of employees, such as quality of life. The general objective of this work is to determine the incidence of job satisfaction and quality of life of the officials of the Pharmacy area of the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital. The methodology used was based on a quantitative design, with a deductive method, descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional. A census was made to the entire population that was 75 employees, the dimensions of quality of life analyzed were health, happiness, satisfaction with life, economic satisfaction, satisfaction with family life with two scales and satisfaction with subjective well-being, whereas job satisfaction was measured based on two constructs. It was found that all dimensions of quality of life are positively correlated with the two scales of job satisfaction. Keywords: satisfaction, quality, workers, hospital. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 09 de noviembre de 2018Fecha de aceptación: 21 de diciembre de 2018Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2019 SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2019-01-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/14 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2019): GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research; 2-22 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 2 Núm. 3 (2019): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 2-22 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/14/22 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/14/23 Derechos de autor 2019 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/15 2020-09-08T00:27:54Z gestar:ART

Risk factors for arterial hypertension in the adult population of the Manglaralto community, Ecuador, year 2018: Investigation article Factores de riesgo para la hipertensión arterial en la población adulta de la comunidad Manglaralto, Ecuador, año 2018: Artículo de investigación Hidalgo-Parra, Erick Antonio hipertensión morbilidad población factor de riesgo asociación hypertension morbidity population risk factor association The hypertension is considered a global health problem, being the cause of morbidity and mortality in the adult population, it is also the most common modifiable risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, an observational, prospective, cross-sectional and analytical study was carried out; which included all hypertensive patients who made up the case group and the same number of adults from the same population that made up the control group. Previously, it was requested to sign the informed consent to all those who participated in the investigation; a survey was applied to both groups in consultation and / or domicile. The age of predominance in the population studied was between 50 and 59 years, with 20.7%; prevailing male sex with 60.7%. In addition, a value of p = 0.00 was obtained in the family pathological history, stress and excessive consumption of salt; and value of p = 0.01 and p = 0.03 in the consumption of saturated fats and physical inactivity respectively. A significant association was found between arterial hypertension and the following risk factors: family history, stress, excessive consumption of salt, consumption of saturated fats and sedentary lifestyle. Keywords: hypertension, morbidity, population, risk factor, association. La hipertensión arterial es considerada un problema de salud a nivel mundial, siendo la causa de morbilidad y mortalidad en la población adulta, además es el factor de riesgo modificable más común para el desarrollo de enfermedades cardiovasculares. Por ende, se realizó un estudio observacional, prospectivo, transversal y analítico; en el cual se incluyeron a todos los pacientes hipertensos que conformaron el grupo de casos e igual número de adultos de la misma población que formaron el grupo de los controles. Previamente se solicitó firmar el consentimiento informado a todos los participantes de la investigación; se aplicó en consulta y/o domicilio una encuesta a ambos grupos. Se determinó que la edad de predominio en la población estudiada fue la comprendida entre 50 a 59 años, con el 20,7%; prevaleciendo el sexo masculino con el 60,7%. Además, se obtuvo valor de p=0,00 en el antecedente patológico familiar, el estrés y el consumo excesivo de sal; y valor de p=0,01 y p=0,03 en el consumo de grasas saturadas y la inactividad física, respectivamente. Se encontró asociación significativa entre la hipertensión arterial y los siguientes factores de riesgo: antecedente patológico familiar, estrés, consumo excesivo de sal, consumo de grasas saturadas y el sedentarismo. Palabras clave: hipertensión, morbilidad, población, factor de riesgo, asociación Abstract The hypertension is considered a global health problem, being the cause of morbidity and mortality in the adult population, it is also the most common modifiable risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, an observational, prospective, cross-sectional and analytical study was carried out; which included all hypertensive patients who made up the case group and the same number of adults from the same population that made up the control group. Previously, it was requested to sign the informed consent to all those who participated in the investigation; a survey was applied to both groups in consultation and / or domicile. The age of predominance in the population studied was between 50 and 59 years, with 20.7%; prevailing male sex with 60.7%. In addition, a value of p = 0.00 was obtained in the family pathological history, stress and excessive consumption of salt; and value of p = 0.01 and p = 0.03 in the consumption of saturated fats and physical inactivity respectively. A significant association was found between arterial hypertension and the following risk factors: family history, stress, excessive consumption of salt, consumption of saturated fats and sedentary lifestyle. Keywords: hypertension, morbidity, population, risk factor, association. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 18 de diciembre de 2018Fecha de aceptación: 09 de enero de 2019Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2019 SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2019-01-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/15 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2019): GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research; 23-36 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 2 Núm. 3 (2019): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 23-36 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/15/24 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/15/25 Derechos de autor 2019 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/16 2020-09-08T00:29:45Z gestar:ART

Statistical analysis of labor satisfaction in workers in the pharmacy area of the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital, Ecuador: Investigation article Análisis estadístico de la satisfacción laboral en los trabajadores del área de farmacia del Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, Ecuador: Artículo de investigación Mendoza-Mestanza, Geanella Vanessa estadística correlación calidad satisfacción laboral farmacia statistics correlation quality job satisfaction pharmacy Although the definition of quality of life has recently taken hold, many professionals and scientists have attempted to systematically assess its relevance in people's behavior. The relevance of the study is based on the quality of life and job satisfaction of the officials in the pharmacy area of ​​the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital. The objective of the study is to analyze the correlations between the dimensions of quality of life and job satisfaction from a statistical perspective. For the development of the research, the results proposed in the scientific article "Quality of life and job satisfaction of the officials of the pharmacy area of ​​the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital, Ecuador" (2019) were used. Correlations were established based on dimensions such as health, happiness, life satisfaction, economic satisfaction, satisfaction with family life (with two scales) and satisfaction with subjective well-being. The aforementioned parameters, as well as the correlations between variables were statistically analyzed using the SPSS computer program. It is concluded that all the dimensions of quality of life had affirmative answers regarding this variable, demonstrating that the staff has a positive quality of life. Keywords: statistics, correlation, quality, job satisfaction, pharmacy. A pesar de que la definición de calidad de vida tomó fuerza recientemente, muchos profesionales y científicos han pretendido evaluar sistemáticamente su relevancia en el comportamiento de las personas. La relevancia del estudio se fundamenta en la calidad de vida y la satisfacción laboral de los funcionarios del área de farmacia del Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo. El objetivo del estudio es analizar las correlaciones entre las dimensiones de la calidad de vida y la satisfacción laboral desde la perspectiva estadística. Para el desarrollo de la investigación se emplearon los resultados propuestos en el artículo científico “Calidad de vida y satisfacción laboral de los funcionarios del área de farmacia del Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, Ecuador” (2019). Se establecieron correlaciones en función de dimensiones como la salud, felicidad, satisfacción con la vida, satisfacción económica, satisfacción con la vida familiar (con dos escalas) y satisfacción con el bienestar subjetivo. Los parámetros antes mencionados, así como las correlaciones entre variables fueron analizadas estadísticamente mediante el programa informático SPSS. Se concluye que todas las dimensiones de calidad de vida tuvieron respuestas afirmativas con respecto a esta variable, demostrando que el personal tiene una calidad de vida positiva. Palabras clave: estadística, correlación, calidad, satisfacción laboral, farmacia. Abstract Although the definition of quality of life has recently taken hold, many professionals and scientists have attempted to systematically assess its relevance in people's behavior. The relevance of the study is based on the quality of life and job satisfaction of the officials in the pharmacy area of ​​the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital. The objective of the study is to analyze the correlations between the dimensions of quality of life and job satisfaction from a statistical perspective. For the development of the research, the results proposed in the scientific article "Quality of life and job satisfaction of the officials of the pharmacy area of ​​the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital, Ecuador" (2019) were used. Correlations were established based on dimensions such as health, happiness, life satisfaction, economic satisfaction, satisfaction with family life (with two scales) and satisfaction with subjective well-being. The aforementioned parameters, as well as the correlations between variables were statistically analyzed using the SPSS computer program. It is concluded that all the dimensions of quality of life had affirmative answers regarding this variable, demonstrating that the staff has a positive quality of life. Keywords: statistics, correlation, quality, job satisfaction, pharmacy. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 23 de marzo de 2020Fecha de aceptación: 09 de julio de 2020Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2020 SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2020-07-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/16 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 3 No. 6 (2020): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 24-36 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 3 Núm. 6 (2020): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 24-36 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/16/26 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/16/27 Derechos de autor 2020 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/17 2020-09-08T00:29:45Z gestar:ART

Detection of trends to the transgression of standards in adult students of an Educational Unit of Primary Education in Ecuador: Investigation article Detección de tendencias a la transgresión de normas en estudiantes adultos de una Unidad Educativa de Educación Primara en Ecuador: Artículo de investigación Durán-Solórzano, Stéfano Alexander transgresión normas psiquiatría psicoanálisis grafología transgression norms psychiatry psychoanalysis graphology This research work sought to detect trends in the transgression of norms based on 14 samples of adults studying in the 10th grade primary school course at night in a fiscal school in the city of Guayaquil - Ecuador. Emphasis was placed on psychiatric medical theory and psychoanalysis. The first frame coined the construct of antisocial personality disorder whose tendencies are: to be dramatic; maintaining superficial interpersonal relationships, as well as superlative conflicts; problems with moral norms or the law. The next framing was the psychoanalytic that, from the perversion construct, where the subject enjoys putting the other as an object within an asymmetric power relationship. The Inverted Protocol of Graphic Alerts© was used for the detection of transgressors of norms in the graphological evaluation where the following results were obtained: invasion of foreign space, problems to comply with orders from the authority, bursts of irritability in response to low tolerance to frustrating or stressful situations, confusing ideas whose consequence is having difficult or complex behaviors, abandoning tasks if they do not get quick results and not taking responsibility for the acts, delegating (responsibility) to third parties. Keywords: transgression, norms, psychiatry, psychoanalysis, graphology. Este trabajo de investigación buscó detectar las tendencias a la transgresión de normas basada en 14 muestras de adultos que estudian en el 10mo curso de educación primaria de la jornada nocturna en un colegio fiscal de la ciudad de Guayaquil – Ecuador. Se hizo énfasis en la teoría médico-psiquiátrica y en el psicoanálisis. El primer encuadre acuña el constructo de trastorno de la personalidad antisocial cuyas tendencias son: ser dramáticos; mantenimiento de relaciones interpersonales superficiales, además de conflictivas de modo superlativo; problemas con las normas morales o la ley. El siguiente encuadre fue el psicoanalítico que, desde el constructo de perversión, donde el sujeto goza poniendo como objeto al otro dentro de una relación asimétrica de poder. Se utilizó el Protocolo Invertido de Alertas Gráficas© para la detección de sujetos transgresores de normas en la evaluación grafológica donde se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados: invasión de espacio ajeno, problemas para acatar órdenes de la autoridad, estallidos de irritabilidad como respuesta a la baja tolerancia a situaciones frustrantes o estresoras, ideas confusas cuya consecuencia sea el tener comportamientos difíciles o complejos, abandonar las tareas si no obtienen resultados rápidos y no asumir la responsabilidad de los actos, delegándola a terceros. Palabras clave: transgresión, normas, psiquiatría, psicoanálisis, grafología. Abstract This research work sought to detect trends in the transgression of norms based on 14 samples of adults studying in the 10th grade primary school course at night in a fiscal school in the city of Guayaquil - Ecuador. Emphasis was placed on psychiatric medical theory and psychoanalysis. The first frame coined the construct of antisocial personality disorder whose tendencies are: to be dramatic; maintaining superficial interpersonal relationships, as well as superlative conflicts; problems with moral norms or the law. The next framing was the psychoanalytic that, from the perversion construct, where the subject enjoys putting the other as an object within an asymmetric power relationship. The Inverted Protocol of Graphic Alerts© was used for the detection of transgressors of norms in the graphological evaluation where the following results were obtained: invasion of foreign space, problems to comply with orders from the authority, bursts of irritability in response to low tolerance to frustrating or stressful situations, confusing ideas whose consequence is having difficult or complex behaviors, abandoning tasks if they do not get quick results and not taking responsibility for the acts, delegating (responsibility) to third parties. Keywords: transgression, norms, psychiatry, psychoanalysis, graphology. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 01 de abril de 2020Fecha de aceptación: 09 de julio de 2020Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2020 SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2020-07-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/17 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 3 No. 6 (2020): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 37-43 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 3 Núm. 6 (2020): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 37-43 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/17/28 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/17/29 Derechos de autor 2020 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/18 2020-09-08T00:29:45Z gestar:ART

Imagenological findings of squamous cell carcinoma of tongue: case study: Investigation article Hallazgos imagenológicos del carcinoma escamocelular de lengua: estudio de caso: Artículo de investigación Andrade-Bravo, Galo Javier carcinoma epidermoide diagnóstico tomografía resonancia magnética squamous cell carcinoma diagnosis tomography magnetic resonance Squamous cell carcinoma is among the most frequent malignancies, so it is ranked 12. Etiologically, it is associated with factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, human immunodeficiency virus and syphilis. In addition, the contribution of tools such as tomography or magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of diseases allows the detection of malignant tumors at opportune stages. In this work, the diagnosis and evolution of an epidermoid carcinoma in a 47-year-old patient with an alcohol and tobacco consumption habit are presented. The magnetic resonance together with the computed tomography allowed the doctor to issue a diagnosis of cancer of the tongue, whose occupant lesion, with dimensions of 86x71x48 mm, extended around 20%. Keywords: squamous cell carcinoma, diagnosis, tomography, magnetic resonance. El carcinoma epidermoide se encuentra entre las neoplasias más frecuentes, de manera que ocupa el lugar 12. Etiológicamente, se encuentra asociado con factores como el tabaquismo, consumo de alcohol, virus de inmunodeficiencia humana y sífilis. Además, el aporte de herramientas como la tomografía o resonancia magnética en el diagnóstico de enfermedades permite la detección de tumores malignos en etapas oportunas. En este trabajo, se presenta el diagnóstico y le evolución de un carcinoma epidermoide en un paciente de 47 años, con hábito de consumo de alcohol y tabaco. La resonancia magnética y la tomografía computarizada permitieron al médico emitir un diagnóstico de cáncer de lengua, cuya lesión ocupante, de dimensiones 86x71x48 mm, se extendió alrededor de un 20%. Palabras clave: carcinoma epidermoide, diagnóstico, tomografía, resonancia magnética. Abstract Squamous cell carcinoma is among the most frequent malignancies, so it is ranked 12. Etiologically, it is associated with factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, human immunodeficiency virus and syphilis. In addition, the contribution of tools such as tomography or magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of diseases allows the detection of malignant tumors at opportune stages. In this work, the diagnosis and evolution of an epidermoid carcinoma in a 47-year-old patient with an alcohol and tobacco consumption habit are presented. The magnetic resonance together with the computed tomography allowed the doctor to issue a diagnosis of cancer of the tongue, whose occupant lesion, with dimensions of 86x71x48 mm, extended around 20%. Keywords: squamous cell carcinoma, diagnosis, tomography, magnetic resonance. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 25 de marzo de 2020Fecha de aceptación: 09 de julio 2020Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2020 SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2020-07-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/18 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 3 No. 6 (2020): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 44-58 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 3 Núm. 6 (2020): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 44-58 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/18/30 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/18/31 Derechos de autor 2020 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/19 2020-09-08T00:29:45Z gestar:ART

Training of human talent and quality management in institutions of the health sector: Review article Capacitación del talento humano y la gestión de la calidad en instituciones del sector salud : Artículo de revisión Durán-Solórzano, Stéfano Alexander Martínez-Minda, Héctor Alfredo Formación gestión capital humano empresas Training management human capital companies This document is based on theoretical bases of studies carried out on the development of human talent. Contemporary companies are in a continuous updating of knowledge imparted to human talent, since the needs of training and qualification are an obligatory stage in the labor scenario, in order to face the challenge of opening new national and international markets and thus achieve efficiency and guarantee competitiveness. It is essential to determine the training channels to be applied, the structure on which it will be based; for example, communication at different stages is essential, technological resources (ICTs) as basic tools to provide company information to employees, since it will allow it to be done effectively and in less time, guaranteeing that activities will be carried out based on Total Quality Management. It is evident that organizations must implement actions that develop personnel, so that there are many ways of preparation, among which virtual training stands out, which offer multiple advantages, such as: the availability of hours and accessibility, in addition, virtual education strengthens critical thinking ability. Keywords: Training, management, human capital, companies. Este documento está fundamentado en bases teóricas de estudios realizados sobre el desarrollo del talento humano. Las empresas contemporáneas están en una continua actualización de conocimientos impartidos al talento humano, pues las necesidades de adiestramiento y capacitación son una etapa obligada en el escenario laboral, para poder enfrentar el desafío a la apertura de nuevos mercados nacionales e internacionales y de esta manera alcanzar la eficiencia y garantizar la competitividad. Es esencial determinar los canales de capacitación que se han de aplicar, la estructura en la que estará basado; por ejemplo, la comunicación en las diferentes etapas es fundamental, los recursos tecnológicos (TICs) como herramientas básicas para proporcionar información de la empresa a los empleados, en razón de que permitirá hacerlo con efectividad y en menor tiempo, garantizando que las actividades estarán desarrolladas en base a la Gestión de Calidad Total. Se evidencia que las organizaciones deben implementar acciones que desarrollen al personal, de modo que existen muchas maneras de preparación, entre las que sobresalen las capacitaciones virtuales, que ofrecen múltiples ventajas, como: la disponibilidad de horario y accesibilidad, además, la educación virtual fortalece la capacidad del pensamiento crítico. Palabras clave: Formación, gestión, capital humano, empresas. Abstract This document is based on theoretical bases of studies carried out on the development of human talent. Contemporary companies are in a continuous updating of knowledge imparted to human talent, since the needs of training and qualification are an obligatory stage in the labor scenario, in order to face the challenge of opening new national and international markets and thus achieve efficiency and guarantee competitiveness. It is essential to determine the training channels to be applied, the structure on which it will be based; for example, communication at different stages is essential, technological resources (ICTs) as basic tools to provide company information to employees, since it will allow it to be done effectively and in less time, guaranteeing that activities will be carried out based on Total Quality Management. It is evident that organizations must implement actions that develop personnel, so that there are many ways of preparation, among which virtual training stands out, which offer multiple advantages, such as: the availability of hours and accessibility, in addition, virtual education strengthens critical thinking ability. Keywords: Training, management, human capital, companies. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 19 de marzo de 2020Fecha de aceptación: 02 de junio de 2020Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2020 SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2020-07-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/19 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 3 No. 6 (2020): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 2-15 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 3 Núm. 6 (2020): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 2-15 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/19/32 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/19/33 Derechos de autor 2020 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/20 2020-09-08T00:29:45Z gestar:ART

Audiovisual program of oral hygiene techniques for the Faculty of Dentistry of ULEAM, Ecuador: Investigation article Programa audiovisual de técnicas de higiene bucal para la Facultad de Odontología de la ULEAM, Ecuador: Artículo de investigación Zambrano-Pincay, María Victoria Programa audiovisual técnicas higiene bucal Program audiovisual techniques hygiene oral This research is carried out at the Faculty of Dentistry of the Laica Eloy Alfaro University in Manabí, in order to support educational planning and activities that aim to train patients and their companions who expect to be cared for at the Health Care Center in the ULEAM School of Dentistry, to acquire behaviors that promote oral health through an audiovisual program of oral hygiene techniques. This study is descriptive, cross-sectional and analytical. Reference is made to promotional preventive oral health programs, with a review of concepts of the determinants of health, prevention and promotion. Where it is concluded that the audiovisual technique is inserted into a methodology that develops the participants as active subjects, capable of building new knowledge; The program being developed is expected to contribute to the improvement of oral health. Keywords: Program, audiovisual, techniques, hygiene, oral. La presente investigación se realiza en la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí, con el objeto de apoyar en la planificación y actividades educativas que tienen como fin capacitar a pacientes y a sus acompañantes que esperan ser atendidos en el Centro de atención en la Facultad de Odontología de la ULEAM, para adquirir comportamientos que favorezcan la salud bucodental a través de un programa audiovisual de técnicas de higiene bucal. Este estudio es de tipo descriptivo, transversal y analítico. Se hace referencia a los programas preventivos promocionales de salud bucal, con revisión de conceptos de los determinantes de la salud, prevención y promoción. Donde se concluye que la técnica audiovisual se inserta en una metodología que desarrolla a los participantes como sujetos activos, capaces de construir nuevos conocimientos; el programa que se desarrolla se espera contribuya al mejoramiento de la salud oral. Palabras clave: Programa, audiovisual, técnicas, higiene, bucal. Abstract This research is carried out at the Faculty of Dentistry of the Laica Eloy Alfaro University in Manabí, in order to support educational planning and activities that aim to train patients and their companions who expect to be cared for at the Health Care Center in the ULEAM School of Dentistry, to acquire behaviors that promote oral health through an audiovisual program of oral hygiene techniques. This study is descriptive, cross-sectional and analytical. Reference is made to promotional preventive oral health programs, with a review of concepts of the determinants of health, prevention and promotion. Where it is concluded that the audiovisual technique is inserted into a methodology that develops the participants as active subjects, capable of building new knowledge; The program being developed is expected to contribute to the improvement of oral health. Keywords: Program, audiovisual, techniques, hygiene, oral. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 20 de marzo de 2020Fecha de aceptación: 09 de junio de 2020Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2020 SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2020-07-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/20 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 3 No. 6 (2020): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 16-23 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 3 Núm. 6 (2020): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 16-23 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/20/34 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/20/35 Derechos de autor 2020 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/21 2021-03-05T22:32:25Z gestar:ART

Correct tooth brushing in children: Investigation article Correcto cepillado dental en niños: Artículo de revisión bibliográfica Acosta-Andrade, Arison David-Solórzano, Jean Pico-Sornoza, Andreina Sinchiguano-Quinto, Kevin Zambrano-Torres, Jonathan Cepillado dental Infancia Intervenciones Eficacia Toothbrushing Childhood Interventions Efficacy The alarming prevalence of incorrect brushing in children justifies the consideration of the creation of wide-ranging programs; Pedagogical toothbrushing interventions meet this need and have been shown to be effective in reducing the prevalence of poor toothbrushing. 4 electronic databases Google Scholar, PubMed, Scielo, and Medline were searched for publications from 2015 to 2020, including experimental articles. To evaluate the different interventions of correct tooth brushing in children.  60% of the evaluated interventions highlight the need to intervene with educational guidance due to the little knowledge of correct brushing that children have. 10% emphasize the use of brushing techniques through which greater efficiency is obtained in the sweep of the bacterial plaque, the Bass technique being the most effective while only 30% of the interventions compared the use of some models of brushes where it is shown that the electronic toothbrush has the greatest advantage in use for children. Through this review, it was evidenced that the interventions that presented the greatest efficacy were those of a pedagogical type, through the use of the Bass technique, the highest percentage of efficacy for plaque removal was presented compared to the other techniques. Keywords: Toothbrushing, Childhood, Interventions, Efficacy. La alarmante prevalencia del cepillado incorrecto en niños justifica la consideración de la creación de programas de amplio alcance; Las intervenciones en cepillado dental tipo pedagógicas satisfacen esta necesidad y han demostrado su eficacia para disminuir la prevalencia del mal cepillado dental.  Se realizaron búsquedas en 4 bases de datos electrónicas (Google-Scholar-PubMed-Scielo-Medline) para publicaciones de 2015 a 2020, incluidos artículos experimentales. Se busca evaluar las diferentes intervenciones de correcto cepillado dental en niños. El 60% de las intervenciones son de orientaciones educativas debido al poco conocimiento del correcto cepillado. El 10% destaca el uso de técnicas de cepillados, el cual se obtiene una mayor eficacia en el barrido de la placa, siendo la técnica de Bass la más eficaz mientras que solo un 30% de las intervenciones compararon el uso de algunos modelos de cepillos donde se demuestra que el cepillo electrónico tiene mayor ventaja en el uso para los niños. Se evidencio mediante esta revisión que las intervenciones que presentaron mayor eficacia fueron las de tipo pedagógica, por medio del empleo de la técnica de Bass se presentó el mayor porcentaje de eficacia para la eliminación de placa a comparación de las demás técnicas. Palabras clave: Cepillado dental, Infancia, Intervenciones, Eficacia. Abstract The alarming prevalence of incorrect brushing in children justifies the consideration of the creation of wide-ranging programs; Pedagogical toothbrushing interventions meet this need and have been shown to be effective in reducing the prevalence of poor toothbrushing. 4 electronic databases Google Scholar, PubMed, Scielo, and Medline were searched for publications from 2015 to 2020, including experimental articles. To evaluate the different interventions of correct tooth brushing in children.  60% of the evaluated interventions highlight the need to intervene with educational guidance due to the little knowledge of correct brushing that children have. 10% emphasize the use of brushing techniques through which greater efficiency is obtained in the sweep of the bacterial plaque, the Bass technique being the most effective while only 30% of the interventions compared the use of some models of brushes where it is shown that the electronic toothbrush has the greatest advantage in use for children. Through this review, it was evidenced that the interventions that presented the greatest efficacy were those of a pedagogical type, through the use of the Bass technique, the highest percentage of efficacy for plaque removal was presented compared to the other techniques. Keywords: Toothbrushing, Childhood, Interventions, Efficacy. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 16 de noviembre de 2020Fecha de aceptación: 04 de enero de 2021Fecha de publicación: 11 de enero de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-01-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/21 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 7 (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 2-22 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 7 (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 2-22 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/21/36 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/21/37 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/22 2021-03-06T00:55:52Z gestar:ART

Oral health during pregnancy: Artículo de revisión bibliográfica Salud bucodental durante el embarazo: Artículo de revisión bibliográfica Acosta-Andrade, Arison Cedeño-Rodríguez, Stephanie Loor-Andrade, Heidy Yépez-Yépez, Karol Zambrano-Zambrano, Melanie Salud oral Embarazo Adolescentes Enfermedad Periodontal Oral health Pregnancy Adolescents Periodontal disease Pregnant adolescent women are susceptible to periodontal diseases, evidencing that they require more care that generates correct health habits. The mobility and loss of dental pieces together with periodontal diseases are the most common affections in the population, showing that the prevalence of periodontal diseases in pregnant adolescent women is a subject that is little investigated and of little attention. To determine the prevalence of gingivitis and periodontitis affecting oral health in pregnant adolescent women. We searched for cross-sectional articles in search engines such as Google Scholar, Elsevier, PubMed, Scielo and Medline from 2010 to 2020 in Spanish and English. The prevalence of periodontal and gingival disease in pregnant adolescents in Latin America is 28.8%, which is considered high. Of these, 7.39% stand out in pubertal pregnancies between 12 and 15 years of age with the highest frequency, while the prevalence of periodontal and gingival disease in pregnant women is 81%. 47.66% have a poor perception of oral health during pregnancy. The presence of periodontal disease constitutes a risk factor for pregnancy, becoming evident at the time of delivery causing premature births, miscarriages, and babies with low birth weight and height. Keywords: Oral health; Pregnancy; Adolescents; Periodontal disease. La mujer embarazada adolescente es susceptible a padecer enfermedades periodontales, evidenciando que requiere más cuidados que generen hábitos correctos de salud. La movilidad y perdida de piezas dentales junto con las enfermedades periodontales son las afecciones más comunes en la población, manifestando que la prevalencia de enfermedades periodontales en mujeres adolescentes embarazadas es un tema poco indagado y de escasa atención. Se busca determinar la prevalencia de gingivitis y periodontitis que afectan la salud bucodental en mujeres adolescentes embarazadas. Se realizó la búsqueda de artículos tipo transversal en buscadores como Google Scholar, Elsevier, PubMed, Scielo Y Medline del 2010 al 2020 en español e inglés. La prevalencia en embarazadas adolescentes en Latinoamérica es de un 28,8% considerándose alta, de estas un 7.39% destacan en embarazos pubertos de 12 a 15 años con mayor frecuencia mientras que la prevalencia de enfermedad periodontal y gingival en embarazadas es del 81%, Constatando que un 47,66% poseen una escasa percepción en la salud bucodental durante el embarazo. La presencia de enfermedad periodontal constituye un factor de riesgo para el embarazo, evidenciándose en el momento del parto provocando partos prematuros, abortos, y bebés con bajo peso y talla al nacer. Palabras clave: Salud oral; Embarazo; Adolescentes; Enfermedad Periodontal. Abstract Pregnant adolescent women are susceptible to periodontal diseases, evidencing that they require more care that generates correct health habits. The mobility and loss of dental pieces together with periodontal diseases are the most common affections in the population, showing that the prevalence of periodontal diseases in pregnant adolescent women is a subject that is little investigated and of little attention. To determine the prevalence of gingivitis and periodontitis affecting oral health in pregnant adolescent women. We searched for cross-sectional articles in search engines such as Google Scholar, Elsevier, PubMed, Scielo and Medline from 2010 to 2020 in Spanish and English. The prevalence of periodontal and gingival disease in pregnant adolescents in Latin America is 28.8%, which is considered high. Of these, 7.39% stand out in pubertal pregnancies between 12 and 15 years of age with the highest frequency, while the prevalence of periodontal and gingival disease in pregnant women is 81%. 47.66% have a poor perception of oral health during pregnancy. The presence of periodontal disease constitutes a risk factor for pregnancy, becoming evident at the time of delivery causing premature births, miscarriages, and babies with low birth weight and height. Keywords: Oral health; Pregnancy; Adolescents; Periodontal disease. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 16 de noviembre de 2020Fecha de aceptación: 04 de enero de 2021Fecha de publicación: 11 de enero de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-01-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/22 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 7 (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 23-38 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 7 (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 23-38 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/22/38 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/22/39 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/23 2021-03-06T01:07:16Z gestar:ART

Dental malformations and their relationship with non-nutritive suction in children: Review article Malformaciones dentales y su relación con la succión no nutritiva en niños: Artículo de revisión bibliográfica Acosta-Andrade, Arison González-Pazmiño, Lisbeth Jomaly Cevallos-Delgado, Ivonne Vanessa Cobeña-Zambrano, Kathya Zevallos-Espinel, Vielka Michelle Alteraciones Alimentación Lactancia Desarrollo Deglución Alterations Food Breastfeeding Development Deglution The worrying increase in the incidence and prevalence of harmful oral habits also known as non-nutritive suction are those that “constitute one of the main causes of organ alterations and orofacial muscles”. A bibliographic review was produced in which a search was carried out in 4 electronic databases Google Scholar, PubMed, Scielo and Medline, whose age is no more than 5 years, including descriptive cross-sections. To identify non-nourishing suction habits that produce dental malformations in children. The articles analysed reflected that 71.9% of the children’s population had the bad habit of digital suction, 17% manifested the harmful practice of bottle suction, while less often 11.1% showed a suckling mania, which, being applied periodically, will effect of the same magnitude as the other harmful oral habits. This review concludes that digital suction is the most common harmful habit because parents seek to entertain their children. These habits cause a series of dental malformations, including the previous open bite, increased overpase, posterior crosted bite, deep palate, among others. Keywords: Alterations; Food; Breastfeeding; Development; Deglution. El preocupante aumento de la incidencia y prevalencia de los hábitos orales nocivos también conocidos como succión no nutritiva son aquellos que “constituyen una de las principales causas de alteraciones en los órganos y musculatura orofacial”. Se elaboró una revisión bibliográfica en la cual se realizó una búsqueda en 4 bases de datos electrónicas Google Scholar, PubMed, Scielo y Medline, cuya antigüedad sea máxima de 5 años, incluidos artículos transversales descriptivos. Se busca identificar los hábitos de succión no nutritiva que producen malformaciones dentales en niños. Los artículos analizados reflejaron que el 71,9% de la población infantil presentó el mal hábito de la succión digital, el 17% manifestó la práctica nociva de succión de biberón, mientras que en menor frecuencia el 11,1% demostró una manía de succión de chupón, que al ser ejercida periódicamente afectará de igual magnitud que el resto de los hábitos orales nocivos. Mediante esta revisión se concluye que la succión digital es el hábito nocivo más frecuente, debido a que los padres buscan entretener a sus hijos. Estos hábitos provocan una serie de malformaciones dentales, entre las que encontramos la mordida abierta anterior, sobrepase aumentado, mordida cruzada posterior, paladar profundo, entre otros. Palabras clave: Alteraciones; Alimentación; Lactancia; Desarrollo; Deglución. Abstract The worrying increase in the incidence and prevalence of harmful oral habits also known as non-nutritive suction are those that “constitute one of the main causes of organ alterations and orofacial muscles”. A bibliographic review was produced in which a search was carried out in 4 electronic databases Google Scholar, PubMed, Scielo and Medline, whose age is no more than 5 years, including descriptive cross-sections. To identify non-nourishing suction habits that produce dental malformations in children. The articles analysed reflected that 71.9% of the children’s population had the bad habit of digital suction, 17% manifested the harmful practice of bottle suction, while less often 11.1% showed a suckling mania, which, being applied periodically, will effect of the same magnitude as the other harmful oral habits. This review concludes that digital suction is the most common harmful habit because parents seek to entertain their children. These habits cause a series of dental malformations, including the previous open bite, increased overpase, posterior crosted bite, deep palate, among others. Keywords: Alterations; Food; Breastfeeding; Development; Deglution. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 16 de noviembre de 2020Fecha de aceptación: 04 de enero de 2021Fecha de publicación: 11 de enero de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-01-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/23 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 7 (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 39-60 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 7 (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 39-60 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/23/40 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/23/41 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/24 2021-06-03T07:47:46Z gestar:ART

Niveles de estrés en militares en servicio pasivo de la asociación de militares en servicio pasivo de las FF.AA. “Veteranos de guerra y anexos” de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, durante el periodo del 2020-2021 Niveles de estrés en militares en servicio pasivo de la asociación de militares en servicio pasivo de las FF.AA. “Veteranos de guerra y anexos” de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, durante el periodo del 2020-2021 Cedeño-Cedeño, Hernán Ordóñez-Tixe, Lenín militares estrés salud mental investigación psicología military stress mental health research psychology In the military profession, one is in constant contact with various stressors, due to the very fact of belonging to an organization that seeks rigidity, indoctrination and obedience when carrying out various activities, even more so, when the military participates in war, As is the case of the studied population that participated in the CENEPA War, they must face and solve the stress developed by themselves, the same one that produces biopsychosocial affectations. For this research, the Melgosa stress inventory was used, in which 87 soldiers in passive service participated. We can see that in the passive service military over 60 years of age, most of them present low stress, on the other hand, those who are less than 60 years of age present to a greater extent normal stress. Responding to the results, it can be concluded that in the population over 60 years of age a highlight of 48% is found in zone 2, which represents a low level of stress, while the subjects under 60 years of age stand out in zone 3 calling a normal level of stress, with 54% of the population, that is to say, in general, stress is not perceived to a great extent, however, it should be borne in mind that in a smaller percentage there are soldiers who need from a mental health professional, to be able to continue in your working life with a good performance and even that no parameter of your life is affected. Keywords: military, stress, mental health, research, psychology. En la profesión de militar se está en un constante contacto con diversos factores estresantes, por el mismo hecho de pertenecer a una organización que busca la rigidez, adoctrinamiento y obediencia al momento de realizar diversas actividades, más aún, cuando los militares participan en guerra, como es el caso de la población estudiada que participaron en la Guerra del CENEPA, deben afrontar y resolver por si mismos el estrés desarrollado, el mismo que produce afectaciones biopsicosociales. Para esta investigación se utilizó el inventario de estrés de Melgosa, en el mismo que participaron 87 militares en servicio pasivo. Podemos apreciar que en los militares de servicio pasivo mayores de 60 años de edad presentan en su mayor parte un estrés bajo, por otro lado, los que tienen menos de 60 años de edad presentan en mayor medida un estrés normal. Respondiendo a los resultados, se puede concluir que se percibe en la población mayor de 60 años de edad un resalte del 48% se encuentra en la zona 2 que representa un nivel bajo de estrés, mientras que los sujetos menores a 60 años de edad sobresale en la zona 3 denominando un nivel normal de estrés, con un 54% de la población, es decir, de manera general no se percibe un estrés en gran medida, sin embargo, se debe tener presente que en un menor porcentaje existen militares que necesitan de un profesional de la salud mental, para poder continuar en su vida laboral con un buen rendimiento e incluso que no se vea afectado ningún parámetro de su vida. Palabras clave: militares, estrés, salud mental, investigación, psicología. Abstract In the military profession, one is in constant contact with various stressors, due to the very fact of belonging to an organization that seeks rigidity, indoctrination and obedience when carrying out various activities, even more so, when the military participates in war, As is the case of the studied population that participated in the CENEPA War, they must face and solve the stress developed by themselves, the same one that produces biopsychosocial affectations. For this research, the Melgosa stress inventory was used, in which 87 soldiers in passive service participated. We can see that in the passive service military over 60 years of age, most of them present low stress, on the other hand, those who are less than 60 years of age present to a greater extent normal stress. Responding to the results, it can be concluded that in the population over 60 years of age a highlight of 48% is found in zone 2, which represents a low level of stress, while the subjects under 60 years of age stand out in zone 3 calling a normal level of stress, with 54% of the population, that is to say, in general, stress is not perceived to a great extent, however, it should be borne in mind that in a smaller percentage there are soldiers who need from a mental health professional, to be able to continue in your working life with a good performance and even that no parameter of your life is affected. Keywords: military, stress, mental health, research, psychology. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 16 de noviembre de 2020Fecha de aceptación: 04 de enero de 2021Fecha de publicación: 11 de enero de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-01-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/24 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 7 (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 61-73 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 7 (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 61-73 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/24/42 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/24/43 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/27 2021-11-04T19:01:37Z gestar:ART

Perfil epidemiológico de las infecciones respiratorias intrahospitalarias. Hospital Dr. Verdi Cevallos Balda. Ecuador. Perfil epidemiológico de las infecciones respiratorias intrahospitalarias. Hospital Dr. Verdi Cevallos Balda. Ecuador. Rosado-Moreira, John Alfredo Intriago-Cedeño, María Cecibel Padilla-Urrea, Carmen Marlene Infecciones hospitalarias Infecciones nosocomiales Infecciones del sistema respiratorio Ventilación mecánica Neumonía Hospital infections Nosocomial infections Respiratory system infections Mechanical ventilation Pneumonia Introduction: It is known worldwide that intrahospital infections constitute a serious problem in public health, particularly when the majority of cases occur in the implementation of non-recommended strategies and general bad practices. General objective: to determine the epidemiological profile of intrahospital respiratory infections at the Dr. Verdi Cevallos Balda General Hospital. Method: A retrospective and cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out; the study period included the year 2019. The universe consisted of the 28 patients diagnosed with intrahospital respiratory infections registered in the Active Surveillance Subsystem of Health Associated Infections (IAAS). Data were collected from individual medical records through a data collection form according to the factors that make up the epidemiological chain: causal microorganism, susceptible host, and treatment received. Results: Staphylococcus aureus was the microorganism with the greatest repercussion (35.7%). In the characteristics of the susceptible host, age over 60 years (57.1%) predominated and in underlying diseases, diabetes mellitus (42.8%), sex was not relevant. Initial and final treatment, beta-lactams were the most widely used with 68% and 71.4% respectively, the application of a nasogastric tube (60.7%) and mechanical ventilation (39.2%) were the most representative risk factors. It was also evidenced that a stay longer than 15 days increased its incidence. Conclusions: It can be concluded that the epidemiological profile of intrahospital respiratory infections is determined by factors that had a direct influence on which should be influenced for their prevention. Keywords: Hospital infections; Nosocomial infections; Respiratory system infections; Mechanical ventilation; Pneumonia. Introducción: Es conocido a nivel mundial que las infecciones intrahospitalarias constituyen un problema serio en salud pública, particularmente cuando la mayoría de los casos que ocurren se deben a la implementación de estrategias no recomendadas y malas prácticas generales. Objetivo general: determinar el perfil epidemiológico de las infecciones respiratorias intrahospitalarias en el Hospital General Dr. Verdi Cevallos Balda. Método: Se realizo un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo y transversal, el período de estudio incluyo el año 2019. El universo estuvo constituido por los 28 pacientes diagnosticados con infecciones respiratorias intrahospitalarias registrados en el Subsistema de vigilancia activa de las infecciones asociadas a la salud (IAAS).  Los datos fueron recolectados de las historias clínicas individuales a través de una ficha de recolección de datos de acuerdo a los factores que conforman la cadena epidemiológica: microorganismo causal, huésped susceptible y tratamiento recibido. Resultados: El staphylococcus aureus fue el microorganismo de mayor repercusión (35,7 %). En las características del huésped susceptible predominaron la edad mayor 60 años (57,1 %) y en las enfermedades subyacentes la diabetes mellitus (42,8 %), el sexo no fue relevante. El tratamiento inicial como final los betalactámicos fueron los de mayor utilización con 68 % y 71,4 % respectivamente, la aplicación de sonda nasogástrica (60,7 %) y la ventilación mecánica (39,2 %) fueron los factores de riesgo más representativos. Se evidencio además que la estancia mayor a 15 días aumento su incidencia. Conclusiones: Se puede concluir que el perfil epidemiológico de las infecciones respiratorias intrahospitalarias está determinado por factores que incidieron directamente sobre los cuales se debe incidir para su prevención. Palabras clave: Infecciones hospitalarias; Infecciones nosocomiales; Infecciones del sistema respiratorio; Ventilación mecánica; Neumonía. Abstract Introduction: It is known worldwide that intrahospital infections constitute a serious problem in public health, particularly when the majority of cases occur in the implementation of non-recommended strategies and general bad practices. General objective: to determine the epidemiological profile of intrahospital respiratory infections at the Dr. Verdi Cevallos Balda General Hospital. Method: A retrospective and cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out; the study period included the year 2019. The universe consisted of the 28 patients diagnosed with intrahospital respiratory infections registered in the Active Surveillance Subsystem of Health Associated Infections (IAAS). Data were collected from individual medical records through a data collection form according to the factors that make up the epidemiological chain: causal microorganism, susceptible host, and treatment received. Results: Staphylococcus aureus was the microorganism with the greatest repercussion (35.7%). In the characteristics of the susceptible host, age over 60 years (57.1%) predominated and in underlying diseases, diabetes mellitus (42.8%), sex was not relevant. Initial and final treatment, beta-lactams were the most widely used with 68% and 71.4% respectively, the application of a nasogastric tube (60.7%) and mechanical ventilation (39.2%) were the most representative risk factors. It was also evidenced that a stay longer than 15 days increased its incidence. Conclusions: It can be concluded that the epidemiological profile of intrahospital respiratory infections is determined by factors that had a direct influence on which should be influenced for their prevention. Keywords: Hospital infections; Nosocomial infections; Respiratory system infections; Mechanical ventilation; Pneumonia. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 17 de septiembre de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 29 de octubre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 04 de noviembre de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-11-04 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/27 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 2-15 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 2-15 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/27/44 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/27/45 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/28 2021-11-12T20:09:18Z gestar:ART

Trastorno Depresivo Persistente y Trastornos de Ansiedad Generalizada Proveniente de un Estrés Post Traumático Crónico: Presentación de un Caso Clínico Trastorno Depresivo Persistente y Trastornos de Ansiedad Generalizada Proveniente de un Estrés Post Traumático Crónico: Presentación de un Caso Clínico Arredondo-Aldana, Karina Mera-Posligua, Mauro Julio Ponce-Alencastro, Jhon Alexander trastorno depresivo persistente ansiedad generalizada estrés post traumático terapia cognitivo-conductual persistent depressive disorder generalized anxiety post traumatic stress disorder cognitive behavioral therapy Persistent depressive disorder is a chronic affective disorder that lasts for at least two years in adults and one year in children and adolescents. Patients with this diagnosis can be pessimistic, regularly negative, with little or no sense of humor, very passive, withdrawn, very critical of themselves and also of others. Patients with this disorder are likely to present generalized anxiety disorders, which is characterized by excessive and continuous concern for issues that are disproportionate to what is actually experienced, a threatening future is constantly perceived, this is difficult to control by the person and interferes with your daily routine. Many times these disorders can be derived from other diseases or disorders, such as, for example, post traumatic stress that develops as a result of having lived or witnessed a traumatic event such as a sexual assault, these patients over time do not they feel better but rather stressed or scared after the traumatic situation has concluded, in the following clinical case it is presumed that the anxious and depressive symptoms were developed as a result of chronic post-traumatic stress. Keywords: persistent depressive disorder, generalized anxiety, post traumatic stress disorder, cognitive behavioral therapy. El trastorno depresivo persistente, es un trastorno afectivo crónico que permanece al menos por dos años en adultos y un año en niños y adolescentes. Los pacientes con este diagnóstico se pueden mostrar pesimistas, regularmente negativos, con bajo o nada sentido del humor, muy pasivos, retraídos, muy críticos hacia sí mismos y también hacia los otros. Los pacientes con este trastorno tienen probabilidades de presentar trastornos de ansiedad generalizada, el cual se caracteriza por presentar preocupación excesiva y continua por asuntos que son desproporcionados a lo que realmente se vive, se percibe constantemente un futuro amenazante, esto es difícil de controlar por la persona e interfiriere en su rutina diaria. Muchas veces estos trastornos pueden ser provenientes de otros enfermedades o trastornos, como, por ejemplo, del estrés post traumático que se desarrolla a raíz de haber vivido o presenciado un acontecimiento traumático como lo es una agresión sexual, estos pacientes a lo largo del tiempo no se sienten mejor, sino más bien estresados o asustados después de que la situación traumática haya concluido, en el siguiente caso clínico se presume que la sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva fue desarrollada a raíz de un trastorno de estrés post traumático cronificado. Palabras clave: trastorno depresivo persistente, ansiedad generalizada, estrés post traumático, terapia cognitivo-conductual. Abstract Persistent depressive disorder is a chronic affective disorder that lasts for at least two years in adults and one year in children and adolescents. Patients with this diagnosis can be pessimistic, regularly negative, with little or no sense of humor, very passive, withdrawn, very critical of themselves and also of others. Patients with this disorder are likely to present generalized anxiety disorders, which is characterized by excessive and continuous concern for issues that are disproportionate to what is actually experienced, a threatening future is constantly perceived, this is difficult to control by the person and interferes with your daily routine. Many times these disorders can be derived from other diseases or disorders, such as, for example, post traumatic stress that develops as a result of having lived or witnessed a traumatic event such as a sexual assault, these patients over time do not they feel better but rather stressed or scared after the traumatic situation has concluded, in the following clinical case it is presumed that the anxious and depressive symptoms were developed as a result of chronic post-traumatic stress. Keywords: persistent depressive disorder, generalized anxiety, post traumatic stress disorder, cognitive behavioral therapy. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de julio de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 27 de septiembre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 12 de noviembre de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/28 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 2-18 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 2-18 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/28/46 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/28/47 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/29 2021-11-12T20:09:18Z gestar:ART

El estrés laboral en docentes de Educación Básica y el teletrabajo en Ecuador El estrés laboral en docentes de Educación Básica y el teletrabajo en Ecuador González-Palma, Karina Alarcón-Chávez, Betty Estrés teletrabajo tecnología eficacia aceptación Stress telecommuting technology efficiency acceptance The objective of the work is to establish the level of work stress that teachers of basic education may be experiencing from the teleworking carried out by the arrival of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Ecuador and the world. A research study was carried out at the Teniente Hugo Ortiz School in the city of Portoviejo using a qualitative deductive method, information collection techniques such as the interview were applied to know the condition of teleworking and a questionnaire based on Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), in order to measure the level of work stress of teachers. Among the main results it can be mentioned that teachers in a 58% feel stressed in a medium high level at the time of providing their classes and 42% maintain an average level of stress when performing the various activities through the digital platform. Similarly, it was learned that not everyone is dissatisfied with this new educational modality, since teleworking provides them with advantages such as reduced costs of mobilization and permanence with their families. From what it was possible to conclude, that teachers are at an average level of stress due to the use of the digital platform and especially because of the tension experienced by the pandemic; adding to this the lack of acceptance of the topics provided in classes due to the limited connectivity, makes the information provided repetitive for some students causing dissatisfaction with the current educational level. Keywords: Stress, telecommuting, technology, efficiency, acceptance. El objetivo del trabajo es establecer el nivel de estrés de laboral que pudieren estar experimentando los docentes de educación básica a partir del teletrabajo realizado por la llegada de la pandemia del SARS-CoV-2 a Ecuador y el mundo. Se realizó un estudio investigativo en la Escuela Teniente Hugo Ortiz de la ciudad de Portoviejo mediante un método deductivo de tipo cualitativo, se aplicaron técnicas de recolección de información como la entrevista para conocer la condición del teletrabajo y un cuestionario basado en Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI),  a fin de poder medir el nivel de estrés laboral de los docentes. Entre los principales resultados se puede mencionar que los docentes en un 58% se sienten estresados en un nivel medio alto al momento de brindar sus clases y el 42% mantiene un nivel medio de estrés al realizar las diversas actividades a través de la plataforma digital. De igual forma, se pudo conocer que no todos están insatisfechos por esta nueva modalidad educativa, puesto que el teletrabajo les brinda ventajas como reducción de gastos de movilización y permanencia con sus familiares. Por lo que se pudo concluir, que los docentes se encuentran en un nivel de estrés medio a causa del uso de la plataforma digital y en especial por la tensión que se vive por la pandemia; sumándole a esto la falta de aceptación de los temas proporcionados en clases por la escasa conectividad existente, hace que la información entregada sea repetitiva para algunos estudiantes originando insatisfacción del nivel educativo actual. Palabras clave: Estrés, teletrabajo, tecnología, eficacia, aceptación. Abstract The objective of the work is to establish the level of work stress that teachers of basic education may be experiencing from the teleworking carried out by the arrival of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Ecuador and the world. A research study was carried out at the Teniente Hugo Ortiz School in the city of Portoviejo using a qualitative deductive method, information collection techniques such as the interview were applied to know the condition of teleworking and a questionnaire based on Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), in order to measure the level of work stress of teachers. Among the main results it can be mentioned that teachers in a 58% feel stressed in a medium high level at the time of providing their classes and 42% maintain an average level of stress when performing the various activities through the digital platform. Similarly, it was learned that not everyone is dissatisfied with this new educational modality, since teleworking provides them with advantages such as reduced costs of mobilization and permanence with their families. From what it was possible to conclude, that teachers are at an average level of stress due to the use of the digital platform and especially because of the tension experienced by the pandemic; adding to this the lack of acceptance of the topics provided in classes due to the limited connectivity, makes the information provided repetitive for some students causing dissatisfaction with the current educational level. Keywords: Stress, telecommuting, technology, efficiency, acceptance. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de julio de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 27 de septiembre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 12 de noviembre de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/29 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 19-34 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 19-34 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/29/48 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/29/49 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/30 2021-11-12T20:09:18Z gestar:ART

La importancia del tratamiento psicoterapéutico en pacientes con consumo problemático de sustancia psicoactivas La importancia del tratamiento psicoterapéutico en pacientes con consumo problemático de sustancia psicoactivas Lániz-Mera, Elvis Ruperto Pinargote-Macías, Eleticia Isabel Psicoterapia consumo problemático sustancias psicoactivas Psychotherapy problematic use psychoactive substances The problematic consumption of psychoactive substances is considered a public health problem due to the harmful implications that it has on certain brain systems, thus causing dependence, making the individual prone to certain chronic diseases, intoxication and overdose, as well as well as family, financial and mental health problems. Because the consumption of psychoactive substances is generalized and that it constitutes a topic of global interest, this research was carried out with the objective of highlighting the importance of psychotherapeutic treatment in patients with problematic consumption of psychoactive substances. Due to its type of study, it is analytical-descriptive in nature, which includes the bibliographic review of journal articles, books, manuals that address the strategies to deal with this problem. In the analysis, as a fundamental part in the recovery and reintegration of patients, the creation of public policies and institutions that provide rehabilitation services is positioned, which use psychotherapy from an integrative and cognitive-behavioral approach for the development of their care models. It is concluded that substance use is a problem that requires a comprehensive approach with strategies that allow the patient to identify and correct problematic maladaptive behaviors and help to strengthen their self-control. Keywords: Psychotherapy; problematic use; psychoactive substances. El consumo problemático de sustancia psicoactivas es considerado un problema de salud pública debido a las implicaciones nocivas que este tiene en ciertos sistemas del cerebro causando de esta manera dependencia haciendo que el individuo este propenso a ciertas enfermedades crónicas, a la intoxicación y a la sobredosis, así como también a problemas familiares, económicos y de salud mental. Debido a que el consumo de sustancia psicoactivas es generalizado y que constituye un tema de interés global se realizó esta investigación que tiene como objetivo resaltar la importancia del tratamiento psicoterapéutico en pacientes con consumo problemático de sustancia psicoactivas. Por su tipo de estudio es de carácter analítico-descriptivo, que contempla la revisión bibliográfica de artículos de revista, libros, manuales que aborden las estrategias para tratar este problema. En el análisis como parte fundamental en la recuperación y reintegración de los pacientes se posiciona la creación de políticas públicas y de instituciones que brinden servicios de rehabilitación, los cuales usan la psicoterapia desde el enfoque integrativo y cognitivo conductual para el desarrollo de sus modelos de atención. Se concluye que el consumo de sustancias en un problema que requiere un abordaje integral con estrategias que permitan al paciente identificar y corregir conductas inadaptativas problemáticas y ayudar al fortalecimiento de su autocontrol. Palabras clave: Psicoterapia; consumo problemático; sustancias psicoactivas. Abstract The problematic consumption of psychoactive substances is considered a public health problem due to the harmful implications that it has on certain brain systems, thus causing dependence, making the individual prone to certain chronic diseases, intoxication and overdose, as well as well as family, financial and mental health problems. Because the consumption of psychoactive substances is generalized and that it constitutes a topic of global interest, this research was carried out with the objective of highlighting the importance of psychotherapeutic treatment in patients with problematic consumption of psychoactive substances. Due to its type of study, it is analytical-descriptive in nature, which includes the bibliographic review of journal articles, books, manuals that address the strategies to deal with this problem. In the analysis, as a fundamental part in the recovery and reintegration of patients, the creation of public policies and institutions that provide rehabilitation services is positioned, which use psychotherapy from an integrative and cognitive-behavioral approach for the development of their care models. It is concluded that substance use is a problem that requires a comprehensive approach with strategies that allow the patient to identify and correct problematic maladaptive behaviors and help to strengthen their self-control. Keywords: Psychotherapy; problematic use; psychoactive substances. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de julio de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 27 de septiembre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 12 de noviembre de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/30 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 35-45 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 35-45 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/30/50 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/30/51 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/31 2021-11-12T20:09:18Z gestar:ART

Perfil familiar en pacientes con tratamiento de hemodiálisis Perfil familiar en pacientes con tratamiento de hemodiálisis López-Palma, Jessica Alexandra Ortiz-Zambrano, Jhon Elvin Funcionalidad familiar cuidadores hemodiálisis family functionality caregivers hemodialysis The family environment undergoes changes on the structure and its functioning in the readadtation of the patient in the new lifestyle, due to the alterations generated in kidney disease and in hemodialysis treatment. Objective: To evaluate family functionality and characterize the family typology possessed by the families of patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment. Materials and method: it is a descriptive cross-sectional study with a sample of 21 patients who met the inclusión criteria. A questionnaire and the 3rd versión FACE scale were used. Results: The family functioning that predominated in the families was the medium range with 52.4%, the balanced 38.1% and the extreme ones with 9.5%. The nuclear family with 47.6% prevailed as the family type Minimal significant differences were found with respect to family typology and levels of family functioning. Conclusion: Patients with IRCT perceive family functioning with moderate dysfunction, they are families that are linked to the members in a related way, given the little inability to change they show inflexibility and rigidity that arise within the family system in patient care in TRS that does not allow adequate functionaliy. Keywords: family functionality; caregivers; hemodialysis. El entorno familiar experimenta cambios sobre la estructura y su funcionamiento en la readaptación del paciente al nuevo estilo de vida, por las alteraciones que se generan en la enfermedad renal y el tratamiento de hemodiálisis. Objetivo: evaluar la funcionalidad familiar y caracterizar la tipología familiar que poseen las familias de los pacientes con tratamiento de hemodiálisis. Materiales y Método: es un estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal, con una muestra de 21 pacientes que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión. Se emplearon un cuestionario y la Escala de FACE 3° versión. Resultados: el funcionamiento familiar que predominó en las familias fue el rango medio con 52,4%; la balanceada un 38,1% y las extremas con 9,5%. La familia nuclear con 47,6% prevaleció como el tipo familiar. Se encontró diferencias significativas mínimas con respecto a la tipología familiar y a los niveles de funcionamiento familiar. Conclusión: los pacientes con IRCT perciben el funcionamiento familiar con disfuncionalidad moderada, son familias que se encuentran vinculadas a los miembros de manera relacionada, ante la poca incapacidad de cambios muestran inflexibilidad y rigidez que se suscitan dentro del sistema familiar en el cuidado del paciente en TRS que no permite una funcionalidad adecuada. Palabras clave: Funcionalidad familiar, cuidadores, hemodiálisis. Abstract The family environment undergoes changes on the structure and its functioning in the readadtation of the patient in the new lifestyle, due to the alterations generated in kidney disease and in hemodialysis treatment. Objective: To evaluate family functionality and characterize the family typology possessed by the families of patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment. Materials and method: it is a descriptive cross-sectional study with a sample of 21 patients who met the inclusión criteria. A questionnaire and the 3rd versión FACE scale were used. Results: The family functioning that predominated in the families was the medium range with 52.4%, the balanced 38.1% and the extreme ones with 9.5%. The nuclear family with 47.6% prevailed as the family type Minimal significant differences were found with respect to family typology and levels of family functioning. Conclusion: Patients with IRCT perceive family functioning with moderate dysfunction, they are families that are linked to the members in a related way, given the little inability to change they show inflexibility and rigidity that arise within the family system in patient care in TRS that does not allow adequate functionaliy. Keywords: family functionality; caregivers; hemodialysis. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de julio de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 27 de septiembre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 12 de noviembre de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/31 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 46-59 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 46-59 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/31/52 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/31/53 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/32 2021-11-12T20:09:18Z gestar:ART

Niveles de ansiedad en los ancianos durante la crisis sanitaria del COVID-19 Niveles de ansiedad en los ancianos durante la crisis sanitaria del COVID-19 Mera-Posligua, Mauro Julio Márquez-Fernández, Luis Ansiedad pandemia ancianos vulnerabilidad anxiety pandemic elderly vulnerability Anxiety is a physiological and psychic reaction that alters the mental state when responding to external or internal stimuli, manifesting restlessness, uncertainty and excitement. This fulfills an adaptive role in human beings. However, when the individual's reaction overflows and is not proportional to the intensity of the stimulus, it becomes a psychological disorder. The purpose of this article is to determine the levels of anxiety present in the Ecuadorian elderly population, during the health crisis of COVID-19 caused by the SARS CoV-2 virus. The method used to validate the research is a descriptive statistical analysis. The levels of anxiety present in pensioners from the Manta, Montecristi, and Jaramijó commonwealth during this global pandemic, were identified using the Beck anxiety inventory, which was based on a virtual field study. The results reflected mild levels of anxiety, and a considerable percentage of moderate and severe anxiety. On the other hand, there is a greater impact on anxiety levels in females, compared to males. Keywords: anxiety, pandemic, elderly, vulnerability. La ansiedad es una reacción fisiológica y psíquica que altera el estado mental al responder a estímulos externos o internos, manifestando intranquilidad, incertidumbre y excitación. Esta cumple un rol adaptativo en el ser humano, no obstante, cuando la reacción del individuo se desborda y no es proporcional a la intensidad del estímulo, se convierte en un trastorno psicológico. El presente artículo tiene como finalidad inferir los niveles de ansiedad presentes en la población de ancianos ecuatoriana, durante la crisis sanitaria del COVID-19 causada por el virus del SARS CoV -2. El método utilizado para validar la investigación es el análisis estadístico descriptivo. Se identificaron los niveles de ansiedad presentes en los jubilados de la mancomunidad de Manta, Montecristi y Jaramijó durante esta pandemia mundial. Se utilizó el inventario de ansiedad de Beck para la detección de los niveles de ansiedad, el cual se fundamentó en un estudio de campo realizado de manera virtual. Los resultados reflejaron niveles de ansiedad leve y un considerable porcentaje de ansiedad moderada y grave. Por otra parte, se observó una mayor afectación en los niveles de ansiedad en el sexo femenino respecto a su opuesto. Palabras clave: Ansiedad, pandemia, ancianos, vulnerabilidad. Abstract Anxiety is a physiological and psychic reaction that alters the mental state when responding to external or internal stimuli, manifesting restlessness, uncertainty and excitement. This fulfills an adaptive role in human beings. However, when the individual's reaction overflows and is not proportional to the intensity of the stimulus, it becomes a psychological disorder. The purpose of this article is to determine the levels of anxiety present in the Ecuadorian elderly population, during the health crisis of COVID-19 caused by the SARS CoV-2 virus. The method used to validate the research is a descriptive statistical analysis. The levels of anxiety present in pensioners from the Manta, Montecristi, and Jaramijó commonwealth during this global pandemic, were identified using the Beck anxiety inventory, which was based on a virtual field study. The results reflected mild levels of anxiety, and a considerable percentage of moderate and severe anxiety. On the other hand, there is a greater impact on anxiety levels in females, compared to males. Keywords: anxiety, pandemic, elderly, vulnerability. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de julio de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 27 de septiembre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 12 de noviembre de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/32 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 60-72 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 60-72 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/32/54 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/32/55 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/33 2021-11-12T20:09:18Z gestar:ART

Trastorno de ansiedad generalizada abordado desde la terapia de aceptación y compromiso: caso clínico Trastorno de ansiedad generalizada abordado desde la terapia de aceptación y compromiso: caso clínico Mera-Posligua, Mauro Julio Arredondo-Aldana, Karina Ponce-Alencastro, Jhon Alexander Ansiedad evitación experiencial marcos relacionales flexibilidad psicológica Anxiety experiential avoidance relational frames psychological flexibility Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) reaches around 14.6% of all diagnoses related to anxiety in Ecuador; this disorder shares similar symptoms to other disorders in the same family such as panic and obsessive-compulsive disorder.  Sometimes, it can coexist with other diagnoses with a depressive nature.  GAD it´s characterized by symptoms of excessive worry about future events, restlessness, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, among others, that deteriorate the people´s ability to function in different areas of their lives. The present clinical case is approached using acceptance and commitment therapy, a contextual and third generation cognitive behavioral therapy. In this approach, experiential avoidance produces generalized anxiety disorder; which reflects itself in the constant avoidance of negative thoughts and emotions, which in turn means that the symptoms persist indefinitely. Keywords: Anxiety, experiential avoidance, relational frames, psychological flexibility. El trastorno de ansiedad generalizada alcanza alrededor del 14,6% de todos los diagnósticos relacionados con la ansiedad en Ecuador, este trastorno mental comparte síntomas similares a otros trastornos como el de pánico y el trastorno obsesivo compulsivo, en ocasiones puede convivir con otros diagnósticos de índole depresiva. Se caracteriza por síntomas que incluyen preocupación excesiva por eventos del futuro, inquietud, fatiga, dificultad para concentrarse, entre otros síntomas que deterioran las distintas áreas de funcionamiento en las personas. El presente caso clínico se aborda desde la terapia de aceptación y compromiso, esta es una terapia contextual de tercera generación que aborda la ansiedad generalizada partiendo de la primicia que este trastorno es producido por evitación experiencial, la cual es la constante necesidad de evitación hacia los pensamientos y emociones, que a su vez conlleva que la sintomatología persista indefinidamente. Palabras clave: Ansiedad, evitación experiencial, marcos relacionales, flexibilidad psicológica. Abstract Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) reaches around 14.6% of all diagnoses related to anxiety in Ecuador; this disorder shares similar symptoms to other disorders in the same family such as panic and obsessive-compulsive disorder.  Sometimes, it can coexist with other diagnoses with a depressive nature.  GAD it´s characterized by symptoms of excessive worry about future events, restlessness, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, among others, that deteriorate the people´s ability to function in different areas of their lives. The present clinical case is approached using acceptance and commitment therapy, a contextual and third generation cognitive behavioral therapy. In this approach, experiential avoidance produces generalized anxiety disorder; which reflects itself in the constant avoidance of negative thoughts and emotions, which in turn means that the symptoms persist indefinitely. Keywords: Anxiety, experiential avoidance, relational frames, psychological flexibility. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de julio de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 27 de septiembre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 12 de noviembre de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/33 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 73-85 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 73-85 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/33/56 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/33/57 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/34 2021-11-12T20:09:18Z gestar:ART

Manifestaciones de ansiedad en docentes debido a confinamiento por SARS-CoV-2 Manifestaciones de ansiedad en docentes debido a confinamiento por SARS-CoV-2 Monge-Cedeño, Diana María García-Cedeño, María Leonila Ansiedad Sars- Cov-2 docentes Anxiety Sars-Cov-2 teachers The teachers of the Juan Montalvo Fiscomisional Educational Unit, as a result of the suspension of face-to-face classes due to the Sars-Cov-2 pandemic, have continued their work in a virtual way, and like the rest of the people, they have had to face events stressful vitals; such as contagion by covid-19, family losses and financial difficulties. Situation that has brought with it the expression of certain manifestations of anguish. The present work aims to quantify anxiety levels in the population described by using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and a survey on demographic data; instruments applied to 16 teachers of the basic elementary and middle sublevel of the aforementioned educational institution. A descriptive non-experimental research was used, obtaining as a result that, despite the various calamities presented by the teaching population during the pandemic, a high percentage of anxiety levels that oscillate between the normal and moderate categories and within of the ranges mentioned, a slight prevalence of subjective symptoms over somatic symptoms. It is concluded that the low incidence of anxiety levels in teachers could respond to several group protective factors that were implemented since the beginning of the pandemic; However, it is recommended to implement other types of instruments such as individual interviews and other scales that allow knowing the particularity of the symptoms in the study subjects. Keywords: Anxiety; Sars-Cov-2; teachers. Los docentes de la Unidad Educativa Fiscomisional Juan Montalvo, a raíz de la suspensión de clases presenciales por la pandemia del Sars- Cov-2, han continuado labores de manera virtual, y al igual que el resto de las personas, han tenido que afrontar acontecimientos vitales estresantes; tales como contagio por covid-19, pérdidas familiares y dificultades económicas. Situación que ha traído consigo la expresión de ciertas manifestaciones de angustia.  El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo cuantificar los niveles de ansiedad en la población descrita mediante el uso del Inventario de Ansiedad de Beck (BAI) y una encuesta sobre datos demográficos; instrumentos aplicados a 16 docentes del subnivel básica elemental y media de la mencionada institución educativa. Se hizo uso de una investigación no experimental de tipo descriptiva, obteniendo como resultado que, pese a las diversas calamidades presentadas por la población docente durante la pandemia, se evidencia en un alto porcentaje niveles de ansiedad que oscilan entre la categoría normal y moderada y dentro de los rangos en mención, una leve prevalencia de síntomas subjetivos sobre los síntomas somáticos. Se concluye que la baja incidencia de niveles de ansiedad en los docentes podría responder a varios factores protectores grupales que se implementaron desde el inicio de la pandemia; sin embargo, se recomienda implementar otro tipo de instrumentos tales como entrevistas individuales y otras escalas que permita conocer la particularidad de la sintomatología en los sujetos de estudio. Palabras clave: Ansiedad; Sars- Cov-2; docentes. Abstract The teachers of the Juan Montalvo Fiscomisional Educational Unit, as a result of the suspension of face-to-face classes due to the Sars-Cov-2 pandemic, have continued their work in a virtual way, and like the rest of the people, they have had to face events stressful vitals; such as contagion by covid-19, family losses and financial difficulties. Situation that has brought with it the expression of certain manifestations of anguish. The present work aims to quantify anxiety levels in the population described by using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and a survey on demographic data; instruments applied to 16 teachers of the basic elementary and middle sublevel of the aforementioned educational institution. A descriptive non-experimental research was used, obtaining as a result that, despite the various calamities presented by the teaching population during the pandemic, a high percentage of anxiety levels that oscillate between the normal and moderate categories and within of the ranges mentioned, a slight prevalence of subjective symptoms over somatic symptoms. It is concluded that the low incidence of anxiety levels in teachers could respond to several group protective factors that were implemented since the beginning of the pandemic; However, it is recommended to implement other types of instruments such as individual interviews and other scales that allow knowing the particularity of the symptoms in the study subjects. Keywords: Anxiety; Sars-Cov-2; teachers. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de julio de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 27 de septiembre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 12 de noviembre de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/34 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 86-93 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 86-93 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/34/58 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/34/59 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/35 2021-11-12T20:09:18Z gestar:ART

Propuesta de intervención cognitivo-conductual para el Trastorno de estrés postraumático Propuesta de intervención cognitivo-conductual para el Trastorno de estrés postraumático Moreira-Navia, Jennifer Roxana psicología plan psicoterapia trauma psychology plan psychotherapy trauma We describe the case of an 18-year-old woman with post-traumatic stress disorder, developed from a hospital stay for an undiagnosed illness. His symptoms, the various examinations and the hospital experience, in which he witnessed several deaths, was accompanied by anxiety and irritability. After he underwent surgery and was discharged, the anxiety continues, accompanied by post-traumatic symptoms. The case is reviewed through interviews and application of psychometric tests to obtain a diagnosis and subsequent psychotherapist proposal from the cognitive-behavioral model. Keywords: psychology, plan, psychotherapy, trauma. Se describe el caso de una mujer de 18 años con trastorno de estrés postraumático, desarrollara a partir de una internación hospitalaria por una enfermedad sin diagnosticar. Su sintomatología, los diversos exámenes y la experiencia hospitalaria, en la que presenció varias muertes, se vio acompañada de ansiedad e irritabilidad. Luego de que se interviniera quirúrgicamente y se le diera el alta, continua la ansiedad, acompañado de sintomatología postraumática. Se procede a la revisión del caso mediante entrevistas y aplicación de pruebas psicométricas para la obtención de un diagnóstico y posterior propuesta psicoterapeuta desde el modelo cognitivo-conductual. Palabras clave: psicología, plan, psicoterapia, trauma. Abstract We describe the case of an 18-year-old woman with post-traumatic stress disorder, developed from a hospital stay for an undiagnosed illness. His symptoms, the various examinations and the hospital experience, in which he witnessed several deaths, was accompanied by anxiety and irritability. After he underwent surgery and was discharged, the anxiety continues, accompanied by post-traumatic symptoms. The case is reviewed through interviews and application of psychometric tests to obtain a diagnosis and subsequent psychotherapist proposal from the cognitive-behavioral model. Keywords: psychology, plan, psychotherapy, trauma. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de julio de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 27 de septiembre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 12 de noviembre de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/35 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 94-103 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 94-103 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/35/60 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/35/61 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/36 2021-11-12T20:09:18Z gestar:ART

Ansiedad social: Intervención desde la terapia de aceptación y compromiso a propósito de un caso Ansiedad social: Intervención desde la terapia de aceptación y compromiso a propósito de un caso Ponce-Alencastro, Jhon Alexander Arredondo-Aldana, Karina Mera-Posligua, Mauro Julio trastorno de ansiedad social fobia social terapia de aceptación y compromiso análisis funcional evitación social anxiety disorder social phobia acceptance and commitment therapy functional analysis avoidance Social anxiety disorder is a picture of great cognitive, emotional and physical activation, which a person suffers as a defensive response to the intense fear of feeling discriminated against and humiliated in their social environment. Due to the poor assessment he has of himself and the fear of being evaluated by the other, resulting in a constant avoidance that consolidates anxiety in a firm position of not exposing himself to unpleasant social situations. The following work presents the case of a 45-year-old patient with a diagnosis of social anxiety. A treatment of 12 individual sessions based on Acceptance and Commitment (ACT) therapy was applied. In the results, it has been possible to meet the therapeutic objectives focused on reducing levels of anxiety and social phobia, increasing psychological flexibility and decreasing experiential avoidance. Finally, the clinical implications of the case for the research and practice of this therapy in social anxiety disorders are discussed. Keywords: social anxiety disorder, social phobia, acceptance and commitment therapy, functional analysis, avoidance. El trastorno de ansiedad social (TAS) es un cuadro de gran activación cognitiva, emocional y física, que una persona padece como respuesta defensiva ante el intenso miedo de sentirse discriminado y humillado en su entorno social. Debido a la pobre valoración que tiene sobre si mismo y el temor de ser evaluado por el otro, resultando en una constante evitación que consolida la ansiedad en una firme posición de no exponerse a situaciones sociales displacenteras. En el siguiente trabajo se presenta el caso de un paciente de 45 años con un diagnóstico de ansiedad social. Se aplico un tratamiento de 12 sesiones individuales basadas en la terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso (ACT). En los resultados se ha logrado cumplir con los objetivos terapéuticos centrados en la reducción de los niveles de ansiedad y de fobia social, aumentando la flexibilidad psicológica y disminuyendo la evitación experiencial. Finalmente se discuten las implicaciones clínicas del caso para la investigación y la práctica de esta terapia en los trastornos de ansiedad social. Palabras clave: trastorno de ansiedad social  fobia social, terapia de aceptación y compromiso, análisis funcional, evitación. Abstract Social anxiety disorder is a picture of great cognitive, emotional and physical activation, which a person suffers as a defensive response to the intense fear of feeling discriminated against and humiliated in their social environment. Due to the poor assessment he has of himself and the fear of being evaluated by the other, resulting in a constant avoidance that consolidates anxiety in a firm position of not exposing himself to unpleasant social situations. The following work presents the case of a 45-year-old patient with a diagnosis of social anxiety. A treatment of 12 individual sessions based on Acceptance and Commitment (ACT) therapy was applied. In the results, it has been possible to meet the therapeutic objectives focused on reducing levels of anxiety and social phobia, increasing psychological flexibility and decreasing experiential avoidance. Finally, the clinical implications of the case for the research and practice of this therapy in social anxiety disorders are discussed. Keywords: social anxiety disorder, social phobia, acceptance and commitment therapy, functional analysis, avoidance. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de julio de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 27 de septiembre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 12 de noviembre de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/36 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 104-129 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 104-129 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/36/62 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/36/63 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/37 2021-11-12T20:09:18Z gestar:ART

Teletrabajo y Síndrome de Burnout en docentes de la Unidad Educativa “Madre Laura Montoya” Teletrabajo y Síndrome de Burnout en docentes de la Unidad Educativa “Madre Laura Montoya” Chinga-Basurto, Kerly Isamar Hernández-Vinces, Angie Nicolle Rodríguez-Álava, Leonor Alexandra Teletrabajo síndrome de burnout agotamiento emocional Teleworking burnout syndrome emotional exhaustion The research aims to identify the demands of teleworking linked to the burnout symptomatology in teachers of the Educational Unit "Madre Laura Montoya" of the parish Riochico in the school period 2020-2021. It is developed under the quali-quantitative approach, the Maslach Inventory and an interview to teachers were applied. The results show emotional exhaustion in teachers at high levels without developing burnout, which are related to the demands of teleworking as: increased working hours, greater demands from the authorities, permanent updating, use of technological tools for the development of virtual classes, recording of evidence, among other aspects that should be analyzed and make the necessary intervention in order to avoid the development of burnout and other psychosocial difficulties. Keywords: Teleworking, burnout syndrome, emotional exhaustion. La investigación tiene como objetivo identificar las exigencias del teletrabajo vinculadas a la sintomatología burnout en docentes de la Unidad Educativa “Madre Laura Montoya” de la parroquia Riochico en el periodo lectivo 2020-2021. Se desarrolla, bajo el enfoque cuali-cuantitativo, se aplicó el Inventario de Maslach y una entrevista a los docentes. Los resultados muestran agotamiento emocional en los docentes en niveles altos sin llegar a desarrollar el burnout, las que se relacionan con las exigencias del teletrabajo como: aumento de la jornada laboral, mayores exigencias por parte de las autoridades, actualización permanente, utilización de herramientas tecnológicas para el desarrollo de clases virtuales, registro de evidencias, entre otros aspectos que deben ser analizados y realizar la necesaria intervención a fin de evitar el desarrollo burnout y otras dificultades psicosociales. Palabras clave: Teletrabajo, síndrome de burnout, agotamiento emocional. Abstract The research aims to identify the demands of teleworking linked to the burnout symptomatology in teachers of the Educational Unit "Madre Laura Montoya" of the parish Riochico in the school period 2020-2021. It is developed under the quali-quantitative approach, the Maslach Inventory and an interview to teachers were applied. The results show emotional exhaustion in teachers at high levels without developing burnout, which are related to the demands of teleworking as: increased working hours, greater demands from the authorities, permanent updating, use of technological tools for the development of virtual classes, recording of evidence, among other aspects that should be analyzed and make the necessary intervention in order to avoid the development of burnout and other psychosocial difficulties. Keywords: Teleworking, burnout syndrome, emotional exhaustion. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de julio de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 27 de septiembre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 12 de noviembre de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/37 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 130-142 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 130-142 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/37/64 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/37/65 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/38 2021-11-12T20:39:39Z gestar:ART

Relaciones intergeneracionales del adulto mayor en la familia actual: una mirada contextual Relaciones intergeneracionales del adulto mayor en la familia actual: una mirada contextual Sánchez-Rogel, Hugo Zambrano-García, Jorge Sosa-Arteaga, Francisco Adulto mayor relaciones intergeneracionales familia moderna sistema familiar elderly people intergenerational relationships modern family family system Intergenerational relationships, both in the family system and in the systems that surround it, are presented as a key element in the provision of care, exchange of experiences and social coexistence of the elderly. From the present descriptive bibliographic review that involves these different concepts, the objective will focus on synthesizing and analyzing the contextual factors that affect the intergenerational links of the elderly and how there may be interactions that have been changing over time. It was concluded that the diversity of forms of intergenerational bonding, in parallel to the interaction with modern society, does not guarantee that there is a mutually beneficial exchange, the older adult remains at a disadvantage as there is evidence of an increasing tendency to individual freedom, the social search function by young members, the perception of old age as a “problem” within the family and in society. Keywords: elderly people, intergenerational relationships, modern family, family system. Las relaciones intergeneracionales, tanto en el sistema familiar como en los sistemas que la rodean, se presentan como un elemento clave en la provisión de cuidados, intercambio de experiencias y convivencia social del adulto mayor. A partir de la presente revisión bibliográfica descriptiva que involucra estos conceptos, el objetivo se centra en sintetizar y analizar los diferentes factores contextuales que inciden en los vínculos intergeneracionales del adulto mayor y cómo éstas interacciones han ido cambiando a través del tiempo hasta la época actual. Se llegó a la conclusión que la diversidad de formas de vinculación intergeneracional, en paralelo a la interacción con la sociedad moderna, no garantiza que exista un intercambio de beneficio mutuo, el adulto mayor sigue en desventaja al evidenciarse una tendencia cada vez mayor a la libertad individual, la búsqueda funcionalidad social por parte de los miembros jóvenes, la percepción de la vejez como un “problema” dentro de la familia y en la sociedad. Palabras clave: Adulto mayor, relaciones intergeneracionales, familia moderna, sistema familiar. Abstract Intergenerational relationships, both in the family system and in the systems that surround it, are presented as a key element in the provision of care, exchange of experiences and social coexistence of the elderly. From the present descriptive bibliographic review that involves these different concepts, the objective will focus on synthesizing and analyzing the contextual factors that affect the intergenerational links of the elderly and how there may be interactions that have been changing over time. It was concluded that the diversity of forms of intergenerational bonding, in parallel to the interaction with modern society, does not guarantee that there is a mutually beneficial exchange, the older adult remains at a disadvantage as there is evidence of an increasing tendency to individual freedom, the social search function by young members, the perception of old age as a “problem” within the family and in society. Keywords: elderly people, intergenerational relationships, modern family, family system. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de julio de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 27 de septiembre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 12 de noviembre de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/38 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 143-158 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 143-158 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/38/66 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/38/67 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/39 2021-11-12T20:56:08Z gestar:ART

Factores protectores y de riesgo en familias en situación de vulneración de derechos Factores protectores y de riesgo en familias en situación de vulneración de derechos Valdivieso-Cobeña, Martin Augusto Escobar-Delgado, Gustavo Rafael Competencias parentales seguridad familiar factores protectores y de riesgo Parental competencies family safety protective and risk factors Protective and risk factors in families in a situation of rights violation is a tool in which the criteria of professionals are combined with that of families to identify strengths and weaknesses of families in order to diagnose the situation. family and community. This research aims to prevent, preserve, strengthen or reestablish family ties to avoid unnecessary separation of the child or adolescent from their family and community environment, the methodology implemented was quantitative in nature, Non-experimental study of cross-sectional temporality in which the general factors parental competencies and family safety were analyzed, which were collected through the application of the weighting sheet of protective and risk factors based on the North Carolina Family Assessment Scale, finding clear strengths, an important presence of serious and moderate problems in the specific factors assessed. Through this research, it was possible to obtain a general result for the implementation of family psychotherapeutic intervention plans to address the serious and moderate problems found in this research, obtaining a favorable upbringing that avoids the unnecessary separation of children and adolescents from their environment, an important presence of serious and moderate problems in the specific factors assessed. Through this research, it was possible to obtain a general result for the implementation of family psychotherapeutic intervention plans to address the serious and moderate problems found in this research, obtaining a favorable upbringing that avoids the unnecessary separation of children and adolescents from their environment, an important presence of serious and moderate problems in the specific factors assessed. Through this research, it was possible to obtain a general result for the implementation of family psychotherapeutic intervention plans to address the serious and moderate problems found in this research, obtaining a favorable upbringing that avoids the unnecessary separation of children and adolescents from their environment. Keywords: Parental competencies; family safety; protective and risk factors. Los factores protectores y de riesgo en familias en situación de vulneración de derechos es una herramienta en la que funcionalmente convergen el criterio de los profesionales y el de las familias para identificar fortalezas y debilidades familiares con el fin de realizar un diagnóstico de la situación familiar y comunitaria. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo prevenir, preservar, fortalecer o restablecer los vínculos familiares para evitar la separación innecesaria del niño, niña o adolescente de su entorno familiar y comunitario. La metodología implementada fue de naturaleza cuantitativa, estudio no experimental de temporalidad transversal. Se analizaron los factores generales, competencias parentales y seguridad familiar; datos recogidos a través de la aplicación de la ficha de ponderación de factores protectores y de riesgo basada en North Carolina Family Assesment Scale encontrando claras fortalezas, una importante presencia de problemas serios y moderados en los factores específicos valorados. Así, esta investigación resulta estratégica para la ulterior implementación de planes de intervención psicoterapéuticos que brinden apoyo a las familias, en la intención de abordar los problemas serios y moderados encontrados y arquimédicamente sugerir patrones de crianza y educación integral que eviten la separación innecesaria de los niños, niñas y adolescentes de su entorno familiar y comunitario. Palabras clave: Competencias parentales; seguridad familiar; factores protectores y de riesgo. Abstract Protective and risk factors in families in a situation of rights violation is a tool in which the criteria of professionals are combined with that of families to identify strengths and weaknesses of families in order to diagnose the situation. family and community. This research aims to prevent, preserve, strengthen or reestablish family ties to avoid unnecessary separation of the child or adolescent from their family and community environment, the methodology implemented was quantitative in nature, Non-experimental study of cross-sectional temporality in which the general factors parental competencies and family safety were analyzed, which were collected through the application of the weighting sheet of protective and risk factors based on the North Carolina Family Assessment Scale, finding clear strengths, an important presence of serious and moderate problems in the specific factors assessed. Through this research, it was possible to obtain a general result for the implementation of family psychotherapeutic intervention plans to address the serious and moderate problems found in this research, obtaining a favorable upbringing that avoids the unnecessary separation of children and adolescents from their environment, an important presence of serious and moderate problems in the specific factors assessed. Through this research, it was possible to obtain a general result for the implementation of family psychotherapeutic intervention plans to address the serious and moderate problems found in this research, obtaining a favorable upbringing that avoids the unnecessary separation of children and adolescents from their environment, an important presence of serious and moderate problems in the specific factors assessed. Through this research, it was possible to obtain a general result for the implementation of family psychotherapeutic intervention plans to address the serious and moderate problems found in this research, obtaining a favorable upbringing that avoids the unnecessary separation of children and adolescents from their environment. Keywords: Parental competencies; family safety; protective and risk factors. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de julio de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 27 de septiembre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 12 de noviembre de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/39 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 159-172 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 159-172 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/39/68 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/39/69 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/40 2021-11-12T21:04:02Z gestar:ART

Pertinencia de la maestría en Psicología de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí Pertinencia de la maestría en Psicología de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí Rodríguez-Álava, Leonor Alexandra Quiroz-Fernández, Luis Santiago Zambrano-Acosta, Jimmy Manuel posgrado psicología psicoterapia investigación postgraduate psychology psychotherapy research For the creation of both an undergraduate and graduate program, it is necessary to have a series of requirements that make it possible to demonstrate the need for this project in a specific context. This paper presents an analysis of the study of relevance of a postgraduate educational program carried out at the Technical University of Manabí (UTM). The results obtained from the descriptive statistical analysis, allowed to define the exit profile of the graduate of the master's degree with Research Path in Psychology, Psychotherapy Mention with orientations that belong to both the field of Psychology and Research. Keywords: postgraduate, psychology, psychotherapy, research. Para la creación de un programa tanto de pregrado como de posgrado, es necesario contar con una serie de requerimientos que permitan evidenciar la necesidad de ese proyecto en un contexto específico. En este trabajo se presenta un análisis del estudio de pertinencia de un programa educativo de posgrado realizado en la Universidad Técnica de Manabí (UTM). Los resultados obtenidos a partir del análisis estadístico descriptivo, permitió definir el perfil de salida del egresado de la maestría con Trayectoria de Investigación en Psicología, Mención Psicoterapia con orientaciones que pertenecen tanto al campo de la Psicología como de la Investigación. Palabras clave: posgrado, psicología, psicoterapia, investigación. Abstract For the creation of both an undergraduate and graduate program, it is necessary to have a series of requirements that make it possible to demonstrate the need for this project in a specific context. This paper presents an analysis of the study of relevance of a postgraduate educational program carried out at the Technical University of Manabí (UTM). The results obtained from the descriptive statistical analysis, allowed to define the exit profile of the graduate of the master's degree with Research Path in Psychology, Psychotherapy Mention with orientations that belong to both the field of Psychology and Research. Keywords: postgraduate, psychology, psychotherapy, research. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de julio de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 27 de septiembre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 12 de noviembre de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/40 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 173-184 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 173-184 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/40/70 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/40/71 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/41 2021-11-12T21:16:24Z gestar:ART

Factores socioculturales que inciden en el comportamiento de los hombres agresores de violencia de pareja Factores socioculturales que inciden en el comportamiento de los hombres agresores de violencia de pareja Intriago-Hormaza, María Agustina Maitta-Rosado, Inger conducta masculinidad conducta ambiental impacto de la violencia behavior masculinity environmental behavior impact of violence At present, the number of women who suffer intimate partner violence in the country has grown surprisingly. There are several factors that determine this problem, the present research aims to determine the influence of sociocultural factors that affect aggressive behavior in a man. This article investigates how sociocultural factors have a significant effect on aggressive behavior, being the culture, the upbringing patterns that these men have from the stage of childhood and the environment in which they develop those that influence this type of behavior. The research carried out is a non-experimental cross- sectional cohort. As an empirical method, a survey was applied to six men (aggressors). The result is characterized by the presence of a macho society, where it has been naturalized to give an inferior role to women based on the preconcept of inferiority of women which is based on inequality and discrimination, conceptions that are derived from the traditional family, where only men exercise power, which contributes to the increase in violence against women. Keywords: behavior, masculinity, environmental behavior, impact of violence. En la actualidad el número de mujeres que sufren violencia de pareja ha crecido en el país de manera sorprendente. Existen diversos factores que determinan esta problemática, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo determinar la influencia de los factores socioculturales que inciden en el comportamiento agresivo en un hombre. Este artículo investiga como los factores socioculturales tienen un efecto significativo en la conducta agresiva, siendo la cultura, los patrones de crianza que estos hombres tienen desde la etapa de la infancia y el ambiente en el que se desarrollan los que influyen en este tipo de comportamiento. La investigación realizada es no experimental de cohorte transversal. Como método empírico una encuesta que se aplicó a seis hombres (agresores). El resultado se caracteriza por la presencia de una sociedad machista, donde se ha naturalizado dale un rol de inferioridad a las mujeres basado en el preconcepto de inferioridad de las mujeres el cual se sustenta en desigualdad y discriminación, concepciones que se derivan de la familia tradicional, donde ejercen poder solo los hombres, lo que contribuye al incremento de la violencia hacia las mujeres. Palabras clave: conducta, masculinidad, conducta ambiental, impacto de la violencia. Abstract At present, the number of women who suffer intimate partner violence in the country has grown surprisingly. There are several factors that determine this problem, the present research aims to determine the influence of sociocultural factors that affect aggressive behavior in a man. This article investigates how sociocultural factors have a significant effect on aggressive behavior, being the culture, the upbringing patterns that these men have from the stage of childhood and the environment in which they develop those that influence this type of behavior. The research carried out is a non-experimental cross- sectional cohort. As an empirical method, a survey was applied to six men (aggressors). The result is characterized by the presence of a macho society, where it has been naturalized to give an inferior role to women based on the preconcept of inferiority of women which is based on inequality and discrimination, conceptions that are derived from the traditional family, where only men exercise power, which contributes to the increase in violence against women. Keywords: behavior, masculinity, environmental behavior, impact of violence. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de julio de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 18 de octubre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 12 de noviembre de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/41 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 185-196 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 185-196 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/41/72 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/41/73 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/42 2021-11-12T21:24:59Z gestar:ART

Medidas educativas frente a la pandemia y estrés docente en una escuela ecuatoriana Medidas educativas frente a la pandemia y estrés docente en una escuela ecuatoriana Navarrete-Mera, Cindy Liliana Zambrano-Acosta, Jimmy Manuel Estrés Docentes Enseñanza SARS-CoV-2 Stress Teachers Teaching SARS-CoV-2 Stress is a problem that affects a large part of the world's population and affects the different activities of individuals.  This can be caused by various factors, such as job insecurity, political tensions, health crises, just to name a few examples.  In this framework, this article analyzes the effects of stress due to the measures implemented in the teaching process, as a result of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, in the teachers of an educational unit of a particular regime of the Santa Ana canton (Manabí province, Ecuador). The population studied were 18 teachers who work in said school, to whom the Perceived Stress Scale (EEP) was applied to measure their stress levels, as well as a Likert-type questionnaire to identify the educational measures and strategies applied to the health crisis. Likewise, through unstructured interviews, it was sought to establish how these measures affected the manifestations of stress in the teachers evaluated.  Based on the results of this research, adaptive coping strategies are proposed for situations that generate stress, so that teachers have these tools to face stressful situations that affect them both in the psychological, emotional and cognitive fields. Keywords: Stress, Teachers, Teaching, SARS-CoV-2. El estrés es un problema que afecta a gran parte de la población mundial y repercute en las diferentes actividades de los individuos. Este puede ser ocasionado por diversos factores, tales como precarización laboral, tensiones políticas, crisis sanitarias, solo por citar algunos ejemplos. En este marco, el presente artículo analiza las afectaciones por estrés debido a las medidas implementadas en el proceso de enseñanza, a consecuencia de la pandemia del SARS-CoV-2, en los docentes de una unidad educativa de régimen particular del cantón Santa Ana (provincia de Manabí, Ecuador). La población estudiada fueron 18 docentes que laboran en dicho establecimiento escolar, a quienes se aplicó la Escala de Estrés Percibido (EEP), para medir sus niveles de estrés, así como un cuestionario tipo Likert para identificar las medidas y estrategias educativas aplicadas frente a la crisis sanitaria. Así mismo, mediante entrevistas no estructuradas, se buscó establecer cómo estas medidas incidieron en las manifestaciones de estrés de los docentes evaluados. Con base en los resultados de esta investigación se proponen estrategias de afrontamiento adaptativas ante situaciones que generan estrés, para que los maestros cuenten con estas herramientas para enfrentar situaciones estresantes que los afectan tanto en el ámbito psicológico, como emocional y cognitivo. Palabras clave: Estrés, Docentes, Enseñanza, SARS-CoV-2. Abstract Stress is a problem that affects a large part of the world's population and affects the different activities of individuals.  This can be caused by various factors, such as job insecurity, political tensions, health crises, just to name a few examples.  In this framework, this article analyzes the effects of stress due to the measures implemented in the teaching process, as a result of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, in the teachers of an educational unit of a particular regime of the Santa Ana canton (Manabí province, Ecuador). The population studied were 18 teachers who work in said school, to whom the Perceived Stress Scale (EEP) was applied to measure their stress levels, as well as a Likert-type questionnaire to identify the educational measures and strategies applied to the health crisis. Likewise, through unstructured interviews, it was sought to establish how these measures affected the manifestations of stress in the teachers evaluated.  Based on the results of this research, adaptive coping strategies are proposed for situations that generate stress, so that teachers have these tools to face stressful situations that affect them both in the psychological, emotional and cognitive fields. Keywords: Stress, Teachers, Teaching, SARS-CoV-2. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de julio de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 18 de octubre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 12 de noviembre de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/42 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 197-211 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 197-211 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/42/74 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/42/75 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/43 2021-11-12T21:38:09Z gestar:ART

Estrés laboral y clima organizacional en el personal operativo del Cuerpo de Bomberos Estrés laboral y clima organizacional en el personal operativo del Cuerpo de Bomberos Moreira , Darwin Rodríguez-Álava, Alexandra Personal Estrategias Estrés Clima Laboral Satisfacción Personal Strategies Stress Work Climate Satisfaction The article is made with the aim of analyzing the work stress of the operational staff of the Portoviejo Fire Department and how this could be influencing the work environment within the institution. Therefore, it was necessary to use a qualitative method to carry out a study of these variables, through the descriptive and analytical method it has been possible to analyze each of the questions asked in the questionnaire applied to the staff. The results showed that 56% had a low level of stress and 3% said they had a high level because of the work done within the institution. With regard to the work environment, the staff said they felt comfortable within the institution, since the people who lead them are leaders committed to the good development of the institution and maintain a high level of companionship and inclusion among the staff, however a minority group expressed not feeling very comfortable with the internal activities carried out frequently. So it could be concluded that despite having a high level of acceptance, it is necessary to take into account the values of people to be able to work in the future on new actions or strategies that can benefit the operational staff of the Fire Department. Keywords: Personal, Strategies, Stress, Work Climate, Satisfaction. El artículo se realiza con el objetivo de analizar el estrés laboral del personal operativo del Cuerpo de Bombero de Portoviejo y cómo esto podría estar influenciando en el clima laboral dentro de la institución. Por lo que fue necesario utilizar un método cualitativo para realizar un estudio de estas variables, a través del método descriptivo y analítico se ha podido analizar cada una de las interrogantes realizadas en el cuestionario aplicado al personal. Los resultados demostraron que le 56% presenta un nivel bajo de estrés y el 3% expresó tener un alto nivel a causa del trabajo realizado dentro de la institución. Con respecto al clima laboral el personal manifestó sentirse cómodos dentro de la institución, puesto que las personas que les dirigen son líderes comprometidos con el buen desarrollo de la institución y mantienen un alto nivel de compañerismo e inclusión entre el personal, sin embargo, un grupo minoritario expresó no sentirse muy a gusto con las actividades internas realizadas frecuentemente. Por lo que se pudo concluir que a pesar de contar un alto nivel de aceptación, es necesario tener en cuenta los valores de las personas para poder trabajar en el futuro en nuevas acciones o estrategias que puedan beneficiar al personal operativo del Cuerpo de Bomberos. Palabras clave: Personal, Estrategias, Estrés, Clima Laboral, Satisfacción. Abstract The article is made with the aim of analyzing the work stress of the operational staff of the Portoviejo Fire Department and how this could be influencing the work environment within the institution. Therefore, it was necessary to use a qualitative method to carry out a study of these variables, through the descriptive and analytical method it has been possible to analyze each of the questions asked in the questionnaire applied to the staff. The results showed that 56% had a low level of stress and 3% said they had a high level because of the work done within the institution. With regard to the work environment, the staff said they felt comfortable within the institution, since the people who lead them are leaders committed to the good development of the institution and maintain a high level of companionship and inclusion among the staff, however a minority group expressed not feeling very comfortable with the internal activities carried out frequently. So it could be concluded that despite having a high level of acceptance, it is necessary to take into account the values of people to be able to work in the future on new actions or strategies that can benefit the operational staff of the Fire Department. Keywords: Personal, Strategies, Stress, Work Climate, Satisfaction. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de julio de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 18 de octubre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 12 de noviembre de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/43 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 212-228 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 212-228 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/43/76 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/43/77 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/44 2021-11-12T21:48:17Z gestar:ART

Estrés y su incidencia en las actividades laborales del personal administrativo del Distrito de Educación 13D11 San Vicente – Sucre, durante la pandemia del SARS COV-2 Estrés y su incidencia en las actividades laborales del personal administrativo del Distrito de Educación 13D11 San Vicente – Sucre, durante la pandemia del SARS COV-2 Pinargote-Párraga, Fátima Lorena Vera-García, Blanca Maritza de los Ángeles Estrés laboral personal administrativo pandemia SARS Cov-2 Work stress administrative staff pandemic SARS Cov-2 Work stress is an important issue since it is one of the most serious health problems today and especially attacks workers, the general objective of this work is to identify the incidence of stress in the development of work activities of the staff Administrative Office of District 13D11 San Vicente-Sucre during the SARS Cov-2 pandemic. The methodology used in this research was a non-experimental method with a cross-sectional, descriptive approach, a census was carried out with the entire population that was 37 employees, the dimensions considered were emotional and physical symptoms, personal / work attitudes and Interest of Directors. In which it was possible to identify that work stress in administrative personnel has had an impact on work activities, stating that their performance was unsatisfactory, since they felt emotionally and physically exhausted due to the wear and tear of telework, as a result of the situations and lack of concentration during the pandemic, in conclusion work stress has a greater impact with the current COVID-19 pandemic, due to the current context, which until now is being experienced, due to new forms of work, social isolation, management of new technologies , reduction of wages, untimely dismissal, showing greater involvement of workers. Keywords: Work stress, administrative staff, pandemic, SARS Cov-2. El estrés laboral es un tema de importancia ya que es uno de los problemas de salud más graves en la actualidad y embiste especialmente a los trabajadores, el objetivo general de este trabajo es identificar la incidencia del estrés en el desarrollo de las actividades laborales del personal administrativo del Distrito13D11 San Vicente- Sucre durante la pandemia SARS Cov-2. La metodología utilizada en esta investigación fue un método no experimental con un enfoque transversal, de tipo descriptivo, se realizó un censo con la totalidad de la población que fue de 37 empleados, las dimensiones consideradas fueron síntomas emocionales y físicos, actitudes personales/ laborales e interés de Directivos. En el cual se logró identificar que el estrés laboral en el personal administrativo ha incidido en las actividades laborales, manifestando que su desempeño fue insatisfactorio, ya que se sintieron emocionalmente y físicamente agotados por el desgaste del teletrabajo, como resultados de las situaciones y falta de concentración durante la pandemia, en conclusión el estrés laboral tiene mayor impacto con la presente pandemia COVID-19, por todo el contexto actual, que hasta la presente se está viviendo, debido a la nuevas formas de trabajo, aislamiento social, manejo de nuevas tecnologías, reducción de salarios, despido intempestivo, mostrándose mayor afectación de  los trabajadores. Palabras clave: Estrés laboral, personal administrativo, pandemia, SARS Cov-2. Abstract Work stress is an important issue since it is one of the most serious health problems today and especially attacks workers, the general objective of this work is to identify the incidence of stress in the development of work activities of the staff Administrative Office of District 13D11 San Vicente-Sucre during the SARS Cov-2 pandemic. The methodology used in this research was a non-experimental method with a cross-sectional, descriptive approach, a census was carried out with the entire population that was 37 employees, the dimensions considered were emotional and physical symptoms, personal / work attitudes and Interest of Directors. In which it was possible to identify that work stress in administrative personnel has had an impact on work activities, stating that their performance was unsatisfactory, since they felt emotionally and physically exhausted due to the wear and tear of telework, as a result of the situations and lack of concentration during the pandemic, in conclusion work stress has a greater impact with the current COVID-19 pandemic, due to the current context, which until now is being experienced, due to new forms of work, social isolation, management of new technologies , reduction of wages, untimely dismissal, showing greater involvement of workers. Keywords: Work stress, administrative staff, pandemic, SARS Cov-2. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de julio de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 18 de octubre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 12 de noviembre de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/44 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 229-236 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 229-236 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/44/78 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/44/79 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/45 2021-11-12T21:55:05Z gestar:ART

Tratamiento de tricotilomanía desde un enfoque cognitivo conductual Tratamiento de tricotilomanía desde un enfoque cognitivo conductual Sosa-Arteaga, Francisco Javier Tricolomanía Cognitivo Conductual Conducta Tricholomania Cognitive Behavioral Behavior Trichotillomania is characterized by the recurrent impulse to pull out one's hair in any situation, whether internal or external, that functions as a trigger. The human being throughout his psychic development is marked by his own behavioral patterns that were acquired during a significant learning process that can generate alterations in his daily life, the objective of this case study is to propose an approach for the treatment of trichotillomania from the cognitive-behavioral approach, a case study with its respective diagnostic process and therapeutic intervention based on the cognitive-behavioral approach; the techniques that were used: Jacobson's relationship, habit reversal, functional analysis of behavior, rational emotive and exposure technique, the Millon Inventory of Personality Styles (MIPS) (Millon, 1994), Hamilton's anxiety scale, Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI-2), the 21-year-old obtained compulsive personality trait, Once the diagnosis was obtained, the purpose was to propose a psychotherapeutic treatment from the cognitive-behavioral approach based on the information collected during the first sessions and supported by the psychological instruments applied. Keywords: Tricholomania, Cognitive Behavioral, Behavior. La tricotilomanía se caracteriza por el impulso recurrente de arrancarse el cabello ante cualquier situación sea inter o externa que funcione como detonante, el ser humano a lo largo de su desarrollo psíquico está marcado por patrones de conductas propios y que fueron adquiridos durante un proceso de aprendizaje significativo que pueden generar alteraciones en su vida cotidiana, el objetivo de este estudio de caso es  proponer abordaje para el tratamiento de la tricotilomanía desde el enfoque cognitivo conductual, estudio de caso con su respectivo proceso de diagnóstico, de intervención terapéutica fundamentada desde el enfoque cognitivo conductual; las técnicas que se utilizaron: relación de Jacobson, inversión del hábito, análisis funcional de la conducta, técnica racional emotiva y de exposición, se aplicó el Inventario Millon de Estilos de Personalidad (MIPS) (Millon, 1994), la escala de ansiedad de Hamilton, Inventario de depresión de Beck (BDI-2), la de 21 años de edad obtuvo rasgo de personalidad compulsivos, leve severidad en la ansiedad y no presentó alteraciones en su estado emocional de acuerdo a las herramientas aplicadas, dando como finalidad una vez obtenido el diagnostico proponer un tratamiento psicoterapéutico desde el enfoque cognitivo conductual fundamentado  en la información recolectada dentro de las primeras sesiones y respaldados los en los instrumentos psicológicos aplicados. Palabras clave: Tricolomanía, Cognitivo Conductual, Conducta. Abstract Trichotillomania is characterized by the recurrent impulse to pull out one's hair in any situation, whether internal or external, that functions as a trigger. The human being throughout his psychic development is marked by his own behavioral patterns that were acquired during a significant learning process that can generate alterations in his daily life, the objective of this case study is to propose an approach for the treatment of trichotillomania from the cognitive-behavioral approach, a case study with its respective diagnostic process and therapeutic intervention based on the cognitive-behavioral approach; the techniques that were used: Jacobson's relationship, habit reversal, functional analysis of behavior, rational emotive and exposure technique, the Millon Inventory of Personality Styles (MIPS) (Millon, 1994), Hamilton's anxiety scale, Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI-2), the 21-year-old obtained compulsive personality trait, Once the diagnosis was obtained, the purpose was to propose a psychotherapeutic treatment from the cognitive-behavioral approach based on the information collected during the first sessions and supported by the psychological instruments applied. Keywords: Tricholomania, Cognitive Behavioral, Behavior. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de julio de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 18 de octubre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 12 de noviembre de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf application/pdf https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/45 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 237-250 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 237-250 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/45/80 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/45/81 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/46 2021-11-12T22:05:05Z gestar:ART

La motivación docente en tiempos de pandemia La motivación docente en tiempos de pandemia Quiñónez-Sánchez, Yessenia Elizabeth Farfán-Casanova, Olmedo Daniel Motivación aprendizaje virtual entorno virtual Motivation virtual learning virtual environment This article corresponds to the review of a topic that provides an overview of the data collected on the virtual work environment in the teaching-learning sessions, taking teacher motivation as a determining factor. The literature available online was examined to elaborate an analysis about virtual classes and their relationship with the pedagogue's predisposition. COVID 19 has caused an unprecedented impact on multidimensional population development in all nations. Governments adopted health emergency measures and social isolation to prevent the spread of the virus. In Ecuador, the MSP and MINEDUC suspended face-to-face educational activities at all levels. An alternative solution was the distance modality, implying the adaptation of approaches oriented to the use of ICTs, raising questions from the teacher's perspective about the preparation and prior knowledge in the use of digital tools and the ways in which it is being used. developing virtual classes. It can be concluded that in Ecuador there are no high-impact research that focuses its study and analysis on teacher motivation, so determining whether there is a direct relationship with the current situation of COVID-19 becomes a difficulty for the results. But if it is important that this type of studies encourage the development of projects that address the role of educator in Ecuador, with greater relevance, from all its professional, social and adaptive context, since we are in a technological era and we have gone through an emergency global health system that has made it necessary to change methodologies and prioritize curricular networks, and which has undoubtedly meant a complex task and a lot of effort by teachers. Keywords: Motivation, virtual learning, virtual environment. El presente artículo corresponde a la revisión de un tema que otorga una visión general acerca de los datos recabados sobre el ambiente laboral virtual en las sesiones de enseñanza-aprendizaje, toman como factor determinante la motivación docente. Se examinó la literatura disponible en línea para elaborar un análisis acerca de las clases virtuales y su relación con la predisposición del pedagogo. El COVID 19 ha causado un impacto sin precedentes en el desarrollo multidimensional en la población en todas las naciones. Los gobiernos adoptaron medidas de emergencia sanitaria y aislamiento social para evitar la propagación del virus. En Ecuador el MSP y el MINEDUC suspendieron las actividades presenciales educativas en todos los niveles. Una alternativa de solución fue la modalidad a distancia implicando la adaptación de enfoques orientados al uso de las TIC´S, surgiendo interrogantes desde la perspectiva del docente sobre la preparación y el conocimiento previo en el uso de herramientas digitales y las formas en que se está desarrollando las clases virtuales. Se puede concluir que en el Ecuador no existen investigaciones de alto impacto que centren su estudio y análisis en la motivación docente, por lo que determinar si existe una relación directa con la actual situación del COVID-19, se convierte en una dificultad para los resultados. Pero si es importante que este tipo de estudios incentiven a desarrollar proyectos donde se aborde el rol de educador en el Ecuador, con mayor relevancia, desde todo su contexto profesional, social y adaptativo, ya que estamos en una era tecnológica y hemos atravesado una emergencia sanitaria mundial que ha obligado a cambiar las metodologías y a priorizar las mallas curriculares, y que sin duda alguna ha significado una tarea compleja y de mucho esfuerzo de los docentes. Palabras clave: Motivación, aprendizaje virtual, entorno virtual. Abstract This article corresponds to the review of a topic that provides an overview of the data collected on the virtual work environment in the teaching-learning sessions, taking teacher motivation as a determining factor. The literature available online was examined to elaborate an analysis about virtual classes and their relationship with the pedagogue's predisposition. COVID 19 has caused an unprecedented impact on multidimensional population development in all nations. Governments adopted health emergency measures and social isolation to prevent the spread of the virus. In Ecuador, the MSP and MINEDUC suspended face-to-face educational activities at all levels. An alternative solution was the distance modality, implying the adaptation of approaches oriented to the use of ICTs, raising questions from the teacher's perspective about the preparation and prior knowledge in the use of digital tools and the ways in which it is being used. developing virtual classes. It can be concluded that in Ecuador there are no high-impact research that focuses its study and analysis on teacher motivation, so determining whether there is a direct relationship with the current situation of COVID-19 becomes a difficulty for the results. But if it is important that this type of studies encourage the development of projects that address the role of educator in Ecuador, with greater relevance, from all its professional, social and adaptive context, since we are in a technological era and we have gone through an emergency global health system that has made it necessary to change methodologies and prioritize curricular networks, and which has undoubtedly meant a complex task and a lot of effort by teachers. Keywords: Motivation, virtual learning, virtual environment. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de julio de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 18 de octubre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 12 de noviembre de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/46 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 251-264 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 251-264 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/46/82 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/46/83 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/47 2021-11-12T22:12:01Z gestar:ART

Desintegración familiar y desarrollo de los niños en la primera infancia Desintegración familiar y desarrollo de los niños en la primera infancia Quijano-Murgueytio, Josselyn Andrea Quiroz-Rivadeneira, Carmen Monserrate Desintegración familiar integración familiar desarrollo infantil primera infancia Family desintegration integration family child development early childhood In this research, is about the family’s disintegration, it is a problem that has always existed and is currently increasing in Ecuadorian households. The main objective of this study is to analyze the factors that lead to disintegration of a family and how this affects the integral development of children in early childhood. This work is of a non-experimental, quali-quantitative, cross-sectional and explanatory type design. As an empirical method, the family APGAR test was applied to parents of the Fiscal Education Unit in the city of Portoviejo, to detect the functionality and family integration within these systems. In the results, it is found that functional and integrated families predominate in this study, which reflects that there is good communication between their members, emotional support, and strength in the face of a problem. In conclusion, the family is the fundamental basis for the growth and development of children in all its aspects. Keywords: Family desintegration, integration family, child development, early childhood. En esta investigación, se aborda la desintegración familiar, problema que siempre ha estado presente y en la actualidad va en aumento dentro de los hogares ecuatorianos. El principal objetivo de este estudio es analizar los factores que conllevan a desintegrar una familia y cómo esto repercute durante el desarrollo integral de los niños en la primera infancia. Este trabajo es de diseño no experimental, cuali-cuantitativo, de corte transversal y de tipo explicativo. Como método empírico se aplicó el test APGAR familiar a padres de familia de la Unidad Educativa Fiscal en la ciudad de Portoviejo, para detectar la funcionalidad e integración familiar dentro de estos sistemas. En los resultados, se encuentra que las familias funcionales e integradas predominan en este estudio, lo cual refleja que existe buena comunicación entre sus integrantes, apoyo emocional y fortaleza ante un problema. En conclusión, la familia es la base fundamental para el crecimiento y desarrollo de los niños en todos sus aspectos. Palabras clave: Desintegración familiar, integración familiar, desarrollo infantil, primera infancia. Abstract In this research, is about the family’s disintegration, it is a problem that has always existed and is currently increasing in Ecuadorian households. The main objective of this study is to analyze the factors that lead to disintegration of a family and how this affects the integral development of children in early childhood. This work is of a non-experimental, quali-quantitative, cross-sectional and explanatory type design. As an empirical method, the family APGAR test was applied to parents of the Fiscal Education Unit in the city of Portoviejo, to detect the functionality and family integration within these systems. In the results, it is found that functional and integrated families predominate in this study, which reflects that there is good communication between their members, emotional support, and strength in the face of a problem. In conclusion, the family is the fundamental basis for the growth and development of children in all its aspects. Keywords: Family desintegration, integration family, child development, early childhood. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de julio de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 18 de octubre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 12 de noviembre de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/47 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 265-274 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 265-274 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/47/84 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/47/85 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/48 2021-11-12T22:21:40Z gestar:ART

Psicoterapia sistémico familiar en el rendimiento académico Psicoterapia sistémico familiar en el rendimiento académico Célleri-Catigua, Lennín Barcia-Briones, Marcelo Fabián Rendimiento Académico Psicoterapia Sistémica Familiar Vinculación Desempeño Evolución Familiar Academic Performance Systemic Family Psychotherapy Bonding Performance Family Evolution The objective of the article is to analyze the application of systemic family psychotherapy in the academic performance of basic education students who belong to the Girón Education Unit of the city of Manta, province of Manabí, Ecuador in 2021. In the research process, a descriptive, analytical and deductive methodology was applied, with a mixed approach; the technique of the survey aimed at teachers on the performance of students was essential in this research. In this study, 43 people distributed in 20 students, 20 parents of families who underwent systemic family psychotherapy and 3 teachers were taken as a population, the interview technique was applied, to obtain the pertinent results, which evidenced the relevance of family systemic psychotherapy and its influence on academic development, focusing its action on emotional, cognitive and psychological strengthening that allows the infant to adequately play the role he has to fulfill within the school environment, using existing resources in the search to improve his academic performance, capacities and skills of human beings. Keywords: Academic Performance, Systemic Family Psychotherapy, Bonding, Performance, Family Evolution. El objetivo del artículo es analizar la aplicación de la psicoterapia sistémica familiar en el rendimiento académico de los alumnos de educación básica que pertenecen a la Unidad Educación Girón de la cuidad de Manta, provincia de Manabí, Ecuador en el año 2021. En el proceso de la investigación se aplicó una metodología de carácter descriptivo, analítica y deductiva, con enfoque mixto; la técnica de la encuesta dirigida a los maestros sobre el rendimiento de los alumnos fue imprescindibles en esta investigación. En este estudio se tomó como población 43 personas distribuidos en  20 alumnos, 20 padres de familias a los que se les realizó psicoterapia sistémica familiar y 3 docentes, se aplicó la técnica de la entrevista, para obtener los resultados pertinentes, los cuales evidenciaron la relevancia de la psicoterapia sistémica familiar y su influencia en el desarrollo académico, centrando su accionar en el fortalecimiento emocional, cognitivo y psicológico que permita al infante desempeñar adecuadamente el rol que tiene que cumplir dentro del ámbito escolar, utilizando los recursos existentes en la búsqueda de mejorar su rendimiento académico, capacidades y habilidades de los seres humanos. Palabras clave: Rendimiento Académico, Psicoterapia Sistémica Familiar, Vinculación, Desempeño, Evolución Familiar. Abstract The objective of the article is to analyze the application of systemic family psychotherapy in the academic performance of basic education students who belong to the Girón Education Unit of the city of Manta, province of Manabí, Ecuador in 2021. In the research process, a descriptive, analytical and deductive methodology was applied, with a mixed approach; the technique of the survey aimed at teachers on the performance of students was essential in this research. In this study, 43 people distributed in 20 students, 20 parents of families who underwent systemic family psychotherapy and 3 teachers were taken as a population, the interview technique was applied, to obtain the pertinent results, which evidenced the relevance of family systemic psychotherapy and its influence on academic development, focusing its action on emotional, cognitive and psychological strengthening that allows the infant to adequately play the role he has to fulfill within the school environment, using existing resources in the search to improve his academic performance, capacities and skills of human beings. Keywords: Academic Performance, Systemic Family Psychotherapy, Bonding, Performance, Family Evolution. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de julio de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 18 de octubre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 12 de noviembre de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/48 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 275-287 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 275-287 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/48/86 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/48/87 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/49 2021-11-12T22:28:58Z gestar:ART

Percepción de las mujeres sobre la violencia intrafamiliar Percepción de las mujeres sobre la violencia intrafamiliar Soledispa-Saltos, Luis Marcelo Rodríguez-Álava, Leonor Alexandra Violencia conta la mujer maltrato violencia doméstica tipos de violencia Violence against women abuse domestic violence types of violence A theoretical study was carried out with the objective of describing the perception of intrafamily, family or domestic violence in women. In which intrafamily violence is discussed, typology, causes, factors associated with violence. It was determined that the man exercises violence in order to subdue the woman. During the review of this study, it was found that among the main acts of violence is micro-sex, which requires a fairly deep study and machismo, which is part of the social, economic and cultural context in which we develop daily, and which is established in both men and women. The typologies on which this study is based are the most common, physical, psychological and sexual violence. In relation to the factors that influence violence, it is demystified about paradigms that have been established in the social environment. Domestic violence is considered harmful and it is currently not possible to determine exactly how much it affects the psychological, physical, social and sexual health of the people who suffer it. Keywords: Violence against women; abuse; domestic violence; types of violence. Se realizó un estudio teórico con el objetivo de describir la percepción de la violencia intrafamiliar, familiar o doméstica en las mujeres. En la que se trata la violencia intrafamiliar, tipología, causas, factores asociados a la violencia. Se pudo determinar que el hombre ejerce violencia con el fin de someter a la mujer. Durante la revisión de este estudio se pudo constatar que entre los principales hechos de violencia se tiene al micromachismo, el cual se requiere de un estudio bastante profundo y el machismo los cuales se encuentra formando parte del contexto social, económico y cultural en el cual nos desenvolvemos diariamente, y el cual es instaurado tanto en el hombre como en la mujer. Las tipologías en la que se basa este estudio son los más comunes, violencia física, psicológica y sexual. En relación a los factores que influyen en la violencia se desmitifica sobre paradigmas que se han establecido en el medio social. Se considera a la violencia intrafamiliar perjudicial y actualmente no se puede determinar con exactitud cuánto afecta la salud psicológica, física, social y sexual de las personas que la sufren. Palabras clave: Violencia conta la mujer; maltrato; violencia doméstica; tipos de violencia. Abstract A theoretical study was carried out with the objective of describing the perception of intrafamily, family or domestic violence in women. In which intrafamily violence is discussed, typology, causes, factors associated with violence. It was determined that the man exercises violence in order to subdue the woman. During the review of this study, it was found that among the main acts of violence is micro-sex, which requires a fairly deep study and machismo, which is part of the social, economic and cultural context in which we develop daily, and which is established in both men and women. The typologies on which this study is based are the most common, physical, psychological and sexual violence. In relation to the factors that influence violence, it is demystified about paradigms that have been established in the social environment. Domestic violence is considered harmful and it is currently not possible to determine exactly how much it affects the psychological, physical, social and sexual health of the people who suffer it. Keywords: Violence against women; abuse; domestic violence; types of violence. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de julio de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 18 de octubre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 12 de noviembre de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/49 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 288-299 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 288-299 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/49/88 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/49/89 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/50 2021-11-12T22:34:49Z gestar:ART

Psicoterapia a Superviviente de Suicidio con Trastorno Mixto de Ansiedad - Depresión mediante orientación Cognitiva Psicoterapia a Superviviente de Suicidio con Trastorno Mixto de Ansiedad - Depresión mediante orientación Cognitiva Gómez-Reyna, Robert Rafael suicidio trastornos mentales psicoterapia suicide mental disorders psychotherapy A treatment is described from a cognitive behavioral perspective to an adolescent male patient, whose father committed suicide when he was 6 years old. Young man who has suffered from multiple recurrent depressive episodes since he was twelve years old and at present characteristic symptoms of anxiety are added, returning to psychotherapies for the same reason of consultation without rehabilitation at his request. In the present work the objectives and proposal of sessions for the therapeutic intervention of the anxious depressive picture are raised. Keywords: suicide, mental disorders, psychotherapy. Se describe un tratamiento desde la perspectiva cognitiva conductual a un paciente adolescente de sexo masculino, cuyo padre se suicidó cuando él tenía 6 años de edad. Joven que ha sufrido desde los doce años de edad múltiples episodios depresivos recurrentes y en la actualidad se suman síntomas característicos de ansiedad, reincidiendo en psicoterapias por el mismo motivo de consulta sin rehabilitación a su demanda. En el presente trabajo se plantean los objetivos y propuesta de sesiones para la intervención terapéutica del cuadro ansioso depresivo. Palabras clave: suicidio, trastornos mentales, psicoterapia. Abstract A treatment is described from a cognitive behavioral perspective to an adolescent male patient, whose father committed suicide when he was 6 years old. Young man who has suffered from multiple recurrent depressive episodes since he was twelve years old and at present characteristic symptoms of anxiety are added, returning to psychotherapies for the same reason of consultation without rehabilitation at his request. In the present work the objectives and proposal of sessions for the therapeutic intervention of the anxious depressive picture are raised. Keywords: suicide, mental disorders, psychotherapy. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de julio de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 18 de octubre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 12 de noviembre de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/50 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 300-314 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 300-314 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/50/90 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/50/91 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/51 2021-11-12T22:43:06Z gestar:ART

Habilidades de afrontamiento para la conducta de beber (HACB). Como tratamiento para el alcoholismo Habilidades de afrontamiento para la conducta de beber (HACB). Como tratamiento para el alcoholismo Sarango-Ortega, Ronald Santiago habilidades afrontamiento alcohol tratamiento revisión skills coping alcohol treatment review Coping skills for drinking behavior (HACB, hereinafter), have been shown to be highly effective when applied to problem drinkers. Due to this, in the present investigation a theoretical review of different databases and investigations carried out on the basis of this treatment is carried out. To achieve this objective, relevant information has been compiled from different information sources. As a result, HACB therapy was found to be highly effective in treating subjects with alcohol abuse and dependence. As a general conclusion, it is intended to inform the reader about the most recent innovations and adaptations of this therapeutic model, which is why this type of therapy should be further promoted. Keywords: skills; coping; alcohol; treatment; review. Las habilidades de afrontamiento para la conducta de beber (HACB, en adelante), han demostrado tener una muy alta eficacia cuándo es aplicado a los bebedores problema. Debido a ello en la presente investigación se realiza una revisión teórica de diferentes bases de datos e investigaciones realizadas sobre la base de este tratamiento. Para lograr este objetivo se ha recopilado información relevante de diferentes fuentes de información. Como resultado se encontró que la terapia de las HACB, tiene una alta eficacia en el tratamiento de los sujetos con abuso y dependencia al alcohol. Como conclusión general se pretende informar al lector sobre las innovaciones y adaptaciones más recientes de este modelo terapéutico, por lo cual debe promoverse más este tipo de terapia. Palabras clave: habilidades; afrontamiento; alcohol; tratamiento; revisión. Abstract Coping skills for drinking behavior (HACB, hereinafter), have been shown to be highly effective when applied to problem drinkers. Due to this, in the present investigation a theoretical review of different databases and investigations carried out on the basis of this treatment is carried out. To achieve this objective, relevant information has been compiled from different information sources. As a result, HACB therapy was found to be highly effective in treating subjects with alcohol abuse and dependence. As a general conclusion, it is intended to inform the reader about the most recent innovations and adaptations of this therapeutic model, which is why this type of therapy should be further promoted. Keywords: skills; coping; alcohol; treatment; review. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de julio de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 18 de octubre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 12 de noviembre de 2021. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/51 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 315-323 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 315-323 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/51/92 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/51/93 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/52 2021-11-12T22:49:20Z gestar:ART

Resiliencia y psicoterapia Resiliencia y psicoterapia Pedroso-Roller, Taimy resiliencia psicología psicoterapéutica tutor resilience psychology psychotherapy tutor Resilience is the ability of individuals, groups or communities to develop favorably despite the difficulties and negative situations they may have faced. Over the years the term resilience has gained great importance for psychology and psychotherapeutic work. The objective of this bibliographic review was to expose some of the antecedents of resilience, risk factors, protection factors, as well as the potential that resilience has and its relationship with psychotherapy. Risk factors and those that generate resilience were identified. This ability to face adversities in the environment with a positive approach can be improved with the action of the resilience tutor. This intervention can help minimize risk factors that decrease therapeutic efficacy and enhance the ability to generate resilience in the individuals, groups or communities under study. Keywords: resilience, psychology, psychotherapy, tutor. La resiliencia es la capacidad que tienen los sujetos, grupos o comunidades para desarrollarse favorablemente a pesar de las dificultades y situaciones negativas que hayan podido enfrentar. A través de los años el término resiliencia ha ganado una gran importancia para la psicología y el trabajo psicoterapéutico. Esta revisión bibliográfica tuvo como objetivo exponer algunos de los antecedentes de resiliencia, los factores de riesgo, de protección, así como el potencial que tiene la resiliencia y su relación con la psicoterapia. Se identificaron los factores de riesgos y aquellos que generan resiliencia. Esta capacidad de afrontar con un enfoque positivo las adversidades del medio puede ser mejorada con la acción del tutor de resiliencia. Esta intervención puede contribuir a minimizar los factores de riesgo que disminuyen la eficacia terapéutica y potencializa la capacidad de generar resiliencia en los individuos grupos o comunidades objeto de estudio. Palabras clave: resiliencia, psicología, psicoterapéutica, tutor. Abstract Resilience is the ability of individuals, groups or communities to develop favorably despite the difficulties and negative situations they may have faced. Over the years the term resilience has gained great importance for psychology and psychotherapeutic work. The objective of this bibliographic review was to expose some of the antecedents of resilience, risk factors, protection factors, as well as the potential that resilience has and its relationship with psychotherapy. Risk factors and those that generate resilience were identified. This ability to face adversities in the environment with a positive approach can be improved with the action of the resilience tutor. This intervention can help minimize risk factors that decrease therapeutic efficacy and enhance the ability to generate resilience in the individuals, groups or communities under study. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 13 de julio de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 18 de octubre de 2021.Fecha de publicación: 12 de noviembre de 2021. Keywords: resilience, psychology, psychotherapy, tutor. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2021-11-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/52 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 No. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 324-333 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 Ed. esp. (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial noviembre 2021); 324-333 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/52/94 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/52/95 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/54 2022-02-11T10:01:02Z gestar:ART

Depression as a collateral disorder in patients diagnosed with dengue La depresión como trastorno colateral en pacientes diagnosticados con dengue Solís-Olive, Cecilia del Carmen Rosero-Angulo, Karen Eugenia Salazar-Buenaño, Julio Patricio Coronel-Parra, Angelica María Dengue, Depresión, Factores Socioculturales Dengue, Depression, Sociocultural factors Dengue is an infection caused by viruses of the Flaviviridae family, transmitted by mosquitoes of the Aedes genus. It began to spread in Ecuador since 1998 when the epidemiological figure of the DEN1 serotype became evident. In Esmeraldas there is a high percentage of homes that do not have running water and their houses are built with reeds, which facilitates the proliferation of the main dengue vector. There is evidence that dengue can present chronic symptoms after the acute phase has self-limited. The psychological symptoms studied are the following: insomnia, aggressiveness, irritability, lack of concentration and depression. Due to the high presence of the virus in our population, the study on the relationship between depression and dengue was decided. For this, the medical records were analyzed and a Patient Health questionnaire was carried out on all those patients between 18 and 65 years old who attended the Juan Carlos Guasti Basic Hospital in the period between 2019 and 2020. For the study, a case group and control group. Keywords: Dengue, Depression, Relationship, Serotypes, Sociocultural factors. El dengue es una infección causada por virus de la familia Flaviviridae, transmitida por mosquitos del género Aedes. Comenzó a propagarse, en Ecuador desde el año 1998 cuando la figura epidemiológica del serotipo DEN1 se hizo evidente. En Esmeraldas existe un porcentaje alto de hogares que no poseen agua corriente y la construcción de sus casas es a base de cañas lo cual facilita la proliferación del principal vector del dengue. Existe evidencia de que el dengue puede presentar sintomatología crónica después de que la fase aguda se haya autolimitado. Los síntomas psicológicos estudiados son los siguientes: insomnio, agresividad, irritabilidad, falta de concentración y depresión. Debido a la alta presencia del virus en nuestra población, se decidió el estudio sobre la relación entre la depresión y el dengue. Para ello, se analizaron las historias clínicas de  aquellos pacientes de entre 18 a 65 años que asistieron al Hospital Básico Juan Carlos Guasti en el período comprendido entre 2019 a 2020 en busca de pacientes con diagnóstico de depresión, para constituir el grupo caso  y el grupo control fue tomado de pacientes sanos de poblaciones cercanas, a quienes se les aplico la encuesta DASS 21 para establecer diagnóstico de Depresión. Palabras clave: Dengue, Depresión, Factores Socioculturales. Abstract Dengue is an infection caused by viruses of the Flaviviridae family, transmitted by mosquitoes of the Aedes genus. It began to spread in Ecuador since 1998 when the epidemiological figure of the DEN1 serotype became evident. In Esmeraldas there is a high percentage of homes that do not have running water and their houses are built with reeds, which facilitates the proliferation of the main dengue vector. There is evidence that dengue can present chronic symptoms after the acute phase has self-limited. The psychological symptoms studied are the following: insomnia, aggressiveness, irritability, lack of concentration and depression. Due to the high presence of the virus in our population, the study on the relationship between depression and dengue was decided. To do this, the medical records of those patients between 18 and 65 years of age who attended the Juan Carlos Guasti Basic Hospital in the period between 2019 and 2020 were analyzed in search of patients with a diagnosis of depression, to constitute the case group and the group control was taken from healthy patients from nearby populations, to whom the DASS 21 survey was applied to establish a diagnosis of Depression. Keywords: Dengue, Depression, Sociocultural factors. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 16 de noviembre de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 04 de enero de 2022.Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2022. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2022-01-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/54 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 2-12 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 2-12 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/54/96 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/54/97 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/55 2022-02-11T10:08:24Z gestar:ART

Chronic joint disease as a sequel to dengue Enfermedad articular crónica como secuela del dengue Barre-Lovaton, Ángel Leonardo Cornejo-Quiñonez, Cesar Alonso Solís-Olive, Cecilia del Carmen Rosero-Angulo, Karen Eugenia Rosero-Montesuma, Tamara Leonor Salazar-Buenaño, Julio Patricio Dengue, enfermedad articular crónica, artritis reumatoide Dengue, chronic joint disease, rheumatoid arthritis The objective of this research focused on determining the relationship between dengue and chronic joint disease, in patients attended during the period 2018-2020 at the Type C Health Center San Rafael de Esmeraldas. A case-control study was proposed. For this purpose, we sought to analyze two groups of patients of both sexes in an age range from 18 to 65 years who were attended during the period from January 2018 to December 2020 at the Type C San Rafael Health Center.  The groups studied were: for the Cases, patients with a diagnosis of chronic arthropathy such as spondyloarthritis (M469), rheumatoid arthritis (M05), ankylosing spondylitis (M450), other arthritis (M130), other specific arthropathies (M120), systemic lupus erythematosus (M329), who attended during January 2018 to December 2020 at the Type C San Rafael Health Center were considered. For the control group, patients without chronic inflammatory arthropathy, recruited at the Type C San Rafael Health Center, between May and June 2021, were considered. The study included 147 individuals (between 18 and 65 years old) divided into two groups, for the control group there were 112 individuals (65 women and 47 men), while the case group consisted of 35 individuals (27 women and 8 men), Thus, the results of the investigation showed that 77.1% (27 individuals) suffer from an unspecified type of arthritis (M139), as well as 17.1% (6 individuals) mentioned having systemic lupus erythematosus, and the remaining 5.7% (2 individuals) said they had ankylosing spondylitis (M450). Based on the results obtained, it was found that there was an 11.44 higher risk of suffering from some type of chronic joint disease in patients who reported dengue fever at some time in their lives. It was also established that the consumption of tobacco in the control case groups was between 1 and 10 cigarettes daily, being this habit an important and statistically significant factor (Chi-square of 51.00) to consider for the predisposition of the chronic joint manifestations evidenced. Keywords: Dengue, chronic joint disease, rheumatoid arthritis. El objetivo de esta investigación se centró en determinar la relación entre dengue y enfermedad articular crónica, en pacientes atendidos durante el período 2018-2020 en el Centro de Salud Tipo C San Rafael de Esmeraldas. Se planteó un estudio de casos y controles. Para ello se buscó analizar a dos grupos de pacientes de ambos sexos en un rango de edad comprendido entre 18 a 65 años que fueron atendidos durante el período de tiempo entre enero del 2018 a diciembre del 2020 en el Centro de Salud Tipo C San Rafael.  Los grupos estudiados fueron: Para los Casos se consideraron pacientes con diagnóstico de artropatía crónica como espondiloartritis (M469), artritis reumatoidea (M05), espondilitis anquilosante (M450), otras artritis (M130), otras artropatías especificas (M120), lupus eritematoso sistémico (M329), que acudieron durante enero del 2018 a diciembre del 2020 al Centro de Salud Tipo C San Rafael. Para el grupo control se consideraron pacientes sin artropatía inflamatoria crónica, reclutados en el Centro de Salud Tipo C San Rafael, entre mayo y junio 2021. En el estudio se incluyeron 147 individuos (entre 18 a 65 años) divididos en dos grupos, para el grupo control se contó con 112 individuos (65 mujeres y 47 hombres), mientras que el grupo caso se conformó con 35 individuos (27 mujeres y 8 hombres), siendo así que los resultados de la investigación arrojaron como resultado que el 77,1% (27 individuos) padece de un tipo de artritis no especificada (M139), así también el 17,1% (6 individuos) mencionó tener lupus eritematoso sistémico, y el 5,7% (2 individuos) restante dijo tener espondilitis anquilosante (M450). En base a los resultados obtenidos se evidenció que existió un riesgo 11,44 superior de padecer algún tipo enfermedad articular crónica en pacientes que reportaron dengue en algún momento de su vida. Así también se establece que el consumo de tabaco de los grupos caso control se estableció entre 1 y 10 cigarrillos diariamente, siendo este hábito un factor importante y estadísticamente significativo (Chi-cuadrado de 51.00) de considerar para la predisposición de las manifestaciones articulares crónicas evidenciadas. Palabras clave: Dengue, enfermedad articular crónica, artritis reumatoide. Abstract The objective of this research focused on determining the relationship between dengue and chronic joint disease, in patients attended during the period 2018-2020 at the Type C Health Center San Rafael de Esmeraldas. A case-control study was proposed. For this purpose, we sought to analyze two groups of patients of both sexes in an age range from 18 to 65 years who were attended during the period from January 2018 to December 2020 at the Type C San Rafael Health Center.  The groups studied were: for the Cases, patients with a diagnosis of chronic arthropathy such as spondyloarthritis (M469), rheumatoid arthritis (M05), ankylosing spondylitis (M450), other arthritis (M130), other specific arthropathies (M120), systemic lupus erythematosus (M329), who attended during January 2018 to December 2020 at the Type C San Rafael Health Center were considered. For the control group, patients without chronic inflammatory arthropathy, recruited at the Type C San Rafael Health Center, between May and June 2021, were considered. The study included 147 individuals (between 18 and 65 years old) divided into two groups, for the control group there were 112 individuals (65 women and 47 men), while the case group consisted of 35 individuals (27 women and 8 men), Thus, the results of the investigation showed that 77.1% (27 individuals) suffer from an unspecified type of arthritis (M139), as well as 17.1% (6 individuals) mentioned having systemic lupus erythematosus, and the remaining 5.7% (2 individuals) said they had ankylosing spondylitis (M450). Based on the results obtained, it was found that there was an 11.44 higher risk of suffering from some type of chronic joint disease in patients who reported dengue fever at some time in their lives. It was also established that the consumption of tobacco in the control case groups was between 1 and 10 cigarettes daily, being this habit an important and statistically significant factor (Chi-square of 51.00) to consider for the predisposition of the chronic joint manifestations evidenced. Keywords: Dengue, chronic joint disease, rheumatoid arthritis. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 17 de diciembre de 2021.Fecha de aceptación: 01 de febrero de 2022.Fecha de publicación: 07 de febrero de 2022. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2022-02-07 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/55 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 No. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial febrero 2022); 2-20 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial febrero 2022); 2-20 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/55/98 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/55/99 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/57 2022-03-04T20:27:39Z gestar:ART

VALIDATION OF DEPRESSION LEVELS OF PEOPLE WITH PAID WORK AND UNEMPLOYED PEOPLE DURING THE SARS-COV-2 HEALTH CRISIS Niveles de depresión en personas con trabajo remunerado y desempleadas durante la crisis sanitaria del SARS-CoV-2 Arredondo-Aldana, Karina Stephanie Gutiérrez-Izquierdo, María Alexandra Depresión, empleo, desempleo, SARS-CoV-2 Depression, job, unemployment, SARS-CoV-2 The year 2020 was marked by the COVID-19 pandemic, based on this, depression is considered a recurring problem in mental health due to the economic instability caused by this lack of employment, presenting negative symptoms in those who suffer from it. Therefore, the intervention of health professionals is essential to prevent the levels of depression from increasing, and to prevent the population from suffering from more complex disorders. The present study aims to compare the levels of depression between people with paid work and unemployed people in the City of Manta, during the SARS-CoV-2 health crisis. The method used to validate the research is the descriptive statistical analysis, identifying the levels of depression that the participants have during the SARS-CoV-2 health crisis, considering that for this study the Beck depression inventory was used for detection of depression levels, which was based on a virtual field study, through a survey applied to 74 people (employed and unemployed). Obtaining as results, people with mild disturbance of mood, moderate depression, and intermittent depression. It is concluded that this study was feasible by applying the descriptive analysis to the data obtained from the Beck depression inventory and determining that stress levels have made employed people vulnerable over unemployed people when developing depression. Keywords: Depression, job, unemployment, SARS-CoV-2. El año 2020 estuvo marcado por la pandemia del COVID-19 y a raíz de esto se considera la depresión como un problema recurrente en la salud mental debido a la inestabilidad económica provocada por la falta de empleo, presentándose síntomas negativos en quien la padece. Razón por la cual se hace fundamental la intervención de profesionales de la salud para evitar que los niveles de depresión se incrementen, y evitar que la población pueda llegar a padecer trastornos más complejos. El presente estudio tiene por objetivo comparar los niveles de depresión entre las personas con trabajo remunerado y las personas desempleadas en la Ciudad de Manta, durante la crisis sanitaria del SARS-CoV-2. El método utilizado en la presente investigación es el análisis estadístico descriptivo, identificando los niveles de depresión que tienen los participantes durante la crisis sanitaria del SARS-CoV-2, considerando que para este estudio se utilizó el inventario de depresión de Beck, para la detección de los niveles de depresión, el cual se fundamentó en un estudio de campo realizado de manera virtual, a través de una encuesta aplicada a 74 personas (empleados y desempleados). Obteniendo como resultados, personas con leve perturbación del estado del ánimo, depresión moderada y una depresión intermitente, se concluye que este estudio fue factible aplicando el análisis descriptivo a los datos obtenidos del inventario de depresión de Beck y determinándose que los niveles de estrés han hecho vulnerable a las personas empleadas por sobre las personas desempleadas a desarrollar una depresión. Palabras clave: Depresión, empleo, desempleo, SARS-CoV-2. Abstract The year 2020 was marked by the COVID-19 pandemic, based on this, depression is considered a recurring problem in mental health due to the economic instability caused by this lack of employment, presenting negative symptoms in those who suffer from it. Therefore, the intervention of health professionals is essential to prevent the levels of depression from increasing, and to prevent the population from suffering from more complex disorders. The present study aims to compare the levels of depression between people with paid work and unemployed people in the City of Manta, during the SARS-CoV-2 health crisis. The method used to validate the research is the descriptive statistical analysis, identifying the levels of depression that the participants have during the SARS-CoV-2 health crisis, considering that for this study the Beck depression inventory was used for detection of depression levels, which was based on a virtual field study, through a survey applied to 74 people (employed and unemployed). Obtaining as results, people with mild disturbance of mood, moderate depression, and intermittent depression. It is concluded that this study was feasible by applying the descriptive analysis to the data obtained from the Beck depression inventory and determining that stress levels have made employed people vulnerable over unemployed people when developing depression. Keywords: Depression, job, unemployment, SARS-CoV-2. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 06 de enero de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 24 de febrero de 2022.Fecha de publicación: 04 de marzo de 2022. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2022-03-04 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/57 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 No. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial marzo 2022); 2-19 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial marzo 2022); 2-19 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/57/100 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/57/101 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/58 2022-03-04T20:51:53Z gestar:ART

EFFECTIVENESS AND EFFICIENCY OF RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY FOR COPING WITH PSYCHOSOCIAL RISKS DUE TO TELEWORKING Eficacia y eficiencia de la terapia racional emotiva para afrontamiento de riesgos psicosociales por teletrabajo Cheme-Villamar, Marina Giniebra-Urra, Ricardo Terapia racional emotiva conductual, Teletrabajo, Riesgos psicosociales, Afrontamiento Rational emotive behavioral therapy, Telework, Psychosocial risks, Coping The present review article is carried out with the purpose of demonstrating the efficacy and efficiency of Ellis' Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy (REBT) as an alternative approach to psychosocial risks caused by work. It analyzes the current risks caused by the telework modality in the context of the SARS-Cov -2 pandemic to which teachers may be exposed as a potentially vulnerable population. It is based on an analytical-descriptive methodology using as a method the documentary analysis of 100 documents from different databases and repositories of information from various universities in Latin America and Europe. Concluding that the TREC has been used in several psychological treatments with highly significant results as it has also contributed in cognitive behavioral therapy, therefore, it would contribute to identify irrational thoughts and would contribute in the treatment of the effects of psychosocial risks that affect emotional health. Keywords: Rational emotive behavioral therapy, Telework, Psychosocial risks, Coping. El presente artículo de revisión se efectúa con la finalidad de demostrar la eficacia y eficiencia de la terapia racional emotiva conductual de Ellis (TREC) como alternativa de abordaje a los riesgos psicosociales ocasionados por el trabajo. Analiza los riesgos actuales ocasionados por la modalidad de teletrabajo en el contexto de la pandemia del SARS-Cov -2 a la que pueden estar expuestos los docentes como población potencialmente vulnerable. Se basa en una metodología analítica-descriptiva utilizando como método el análisis documental de 100 documentos provenientes de diferentes bases de datos y repositorios de información de varias universidades de América Latina y Europa. Concluyendo que la TREC mantiene recorrido en diversos tratamientos psicológicos con resultados altamente significativos como también ha aportado en la terapia cognitiva conductual, por consiguiente, aportaría a identificar los pensamientos irracionales y brindaría aporte en el tratamiento a los efectos de los riesgos psicosociales que afectan a la salud emocional. Palabras clave: Terapia racional emotiva conductual, Teletrabajo, Riesgos psicosociales, Afrontamiento. Abstract The present review article is carried out with the purpose of demonstrating the efficacy and efficiency of Ellis' Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy (REBT) as an alternative approach to psychosocial risks caused by work. It analyzes the current risks caused by the telework modality in the context of the SARS-Cov -2 pandemic to which teachers may be exposed as a potentially vulnerable population. It is based on an analytical-descriptive methodology using as a method the documentary analysis of 100 documents from different databases and repositories of information from various universities in Latin America and Europe. Concluding that the TREC has been used in several psychological treatments with highly significant results as it has also contributed in cognitive behavioral therapy, therefore, it would contribute to identify irrational thoughts and would contribute in the treatment of the effects of psychosocial risks that affect emotional health. Keywords: Rational emotive behavioral therapy, Telework, Psychosocial risks, Coping. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 06 de enero de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 24 de febrero de 2022.Fecha de publicación: 04 de marzo de 2022. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2022-03-04 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/58 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 No. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial marzo 2022); 20-37 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial marzo 2022); 20-37 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/58/102 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/58/103 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/59 2022-03-04T21:07:15Z gestar:ART

FAMILY DYNAMICS IN THE FACE OF DUE FOR THE LOSS OF A MEMBER OF THE SYSTEM La dinámica familiar frente al duelo por la pérdida de un miembro del sistema Ponce-Reyes, Joselyn Viviana Rodríguez-Álava, Leonor Alexandra Dinámica familiar, duelo, muerte, sistema Family dynamics, duel, death, system The family dynamics in the face of mourning for the loss of a member of the system is the object of analysis due to the fact that discomfort is generated and its complications affect the relationships, functions, and dynamics in general of the family. This article is a bibliographical review, therefore, it has a documentary and bibliographical methodology because it allows to collect information from reliable sources of investigations carried out in different places, which clarify the link between these variables, in addition to providing significant data on the changes that it undergoes. the family in its relationships, functions, roles and dynamics in the face of grief due to the death of one of its members generate interest among scholars on the subject. The objective of the article is to characterize the changes in family dynamics in the face of mourning for a member of the system. Among the results that stand out is a relationship between complicated duels and homeostasis of family dynamics. The family dynamics changes before the loss of its structure, and when they lack reorganization capacity, they end up in complicated duels. Keywords: Family dynamics, duel, death, system. La dinámica familiar frente al duelo por la pérdida de un miembro del sistema es objeto de análisis debido a que se genera malestar y sus complicaciones inciden en las relaciones, funciones, y dinámica en general de la familia. Esta artículo es de revisión bibliográfica, por lo cual, tiene una metodología de tipo documental y bibliográfica porque permite recopilar información de fuentes confiables de investigaciones realizadas en diferentes lugares, que esclarecen el enlace entre estas variables, además aportan datos significativos sobre los cambios que sufre  la familia en sus relaciones, funciones, roles y dinámica ante el duelo por fallecimiento de uno de sus miembros generan interés entre los estudiosos del tema.  El objetivo del artículo es caracterizar los cambios en la dinámica familiar frente al duelo por un miembro del sistema.  Entre los resultados que destacan se encuentra una relación entre los duelos complicados y la homeostasis de la dinámica familiar. La dinámica familiar presenta cambios antes las pérdidas de su estructura, y cuando estas carecen de capacidad de reorganización terminan en duelos complicados. Palabras clave: Dinámica familiar, duelo, muerte, sistema. Abstract The family dynamics in the face of mourning for the loss of a member of the system is the object of analysis due to the fact that discomfort is generated and its complications affect the relationships, functions, and dynamics in general of the family. This article is a bibliographical review, therefore, it has a documentary and bibliographical methodology because it allows to collect information from reliable sources of investigations carried out in different places, which clarify the link between these variables, in addition to providing significant data on the changes that it undergoes. the family in its relationships, functions, roles and dynamics in the face of grief due to the death of one of its members generate interest among scholars on the subject. The objective of the article is to characterize the changes in family dynamics in the face of mourning for a member of the system. Among the results that stand out is a relationship between complicated duels and homeostasis of family dynamics. The family dynamics changes before the loss of its structure, and when they lack reorganization capacity, they end up in complicated duels. Keywords: Family dynamics, duel, death, system. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 06 de enero de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 24 de febrero de 2022.Fecha de publicación: 04 de marzo de 2022. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2022-03-04 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/59 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 No. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial marzo 2022); 38-57 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial marzo 2022); 38-57 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/59/104 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/59/105 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/60 2022-03-04T21:39:53Z gestar:ART

THE PLACE OF THE BODY AND ITS IMPACT ON PSYCHOTHERAPY SESSIONS WITH VIRTUAL MODALITY: CHALLENGES OF VIRTUAL PSYCHOTHERAPY WITH PSYCHOANALYTIC ORIENTATION El lugar del Cuerpo y su impacto en las sesiones de psicoterapia con modalidad virtual: Desafíos de la Psicoterapia virtual con orientación psicoanalítica Andrade-Castro, José Abelardo Egas-Reyes, Verónica cuerpo, psicoanálisis, virtual, tecnología, psicoterapia body, psychoanalysis, virtual, technology, psychotherapy This article makes a theoretical-conceptual review on the place of the body in virtual psychotherapy sessions. For this purpose, a bibliographic review of various texts, articles and documents is made in relation in the first instance to the historical background of the body as an object of study from different fields of psychological sciences and psychoanalysis; Subsequently, a review of the most relevant postulates from Jacques Lacan's psychoanalytic theory is made, pointing out the three registers of the psyche: the real, the symbolic and the imaginary, so that from this perspective we can understand the place that the body has beyond a biomedical speech. On the other hand, it is described how transference phenomena are manifested in psychotherapy sessions in the virtual field due to the virtual presence of the psychotherapist's body. Finally, the various opinions of psychologists and psychoanalysts are reviewed, with reference articles on the impact generated in virtual psychotherapy sessions, the absence of the presence of the body, and how this way of bonding influences the dynamics of psychotherapy. This article highlights how this dynamic of the presence - absence of the physical body in psychoanalytically oriented virtual psychotherapy sessions can impact the psychotherapeutic procedure. Keywords: body, psychoanalysis, virtual, technology, psychotherapy. El presente artículo hace una revisión teórico – conceptual, sobre el lugar del cuerpo en las sesiones de psicoterapia virtual.  Para este fin se hace una revisión bibliográfica de diversos textos, artículos  y documentos con relación en primera instancia con los antecedentes históricos  del cuerpo como objeto de estudio desde distintos campos de las ciencias psicológicas y el psicoanálisis; posteriormente se hace una reseña de los postulados más relevantes desde la teoría psicoanalítica de Jacques Lacan, señalando los tres registros del psiquismo: lo real, lo simbólico y lo imaginario, para desde esta perspectiva poder comprender el lugar que tiene el cuerpo más allá de un discurso biomédico. Por otra parte, se describe, cómo los fenómenos transferenciales se manifiestan en las sesiones de psicoterapia en el campo de lo virtual debido a la presencia virtual del cuerpo del psicoterapeuta. Para finalizar se reseña las diversas opiniones de psicólogos y psicoanalistas, con artículos de referencia sobre el impacto que genera en las sesiones de psicoterapia virtual, la ausencia de lo presencial del cuerpo, y cómo esta forma de vincularse, influye en la dinámica de la psicoterapia. Este artículo resalta cómo esta dinámica de la presencia - ausencia del cuerpo físico en las sesiones de psicoterapia virtual de orientación psicoanalítica puede llegar a  impactar en el procedimiento psicoterapéutico. Palabras clave: cuerpo, psicoanálisis, virtual, tecnología, psicoterapia. Abstract This article makes a theoretical-conceptual review on the place of the body in virtual psychotherapy sessions. For this purpose, a bibliographic review of various texts, articles and documents is made in relation in the first instance to the historical background of the body as an object of study from different fields of psychological sciences and psychoanalysis; Subsequently, a review of the most relevant postulates from Jacques Lacan's psychoanalytic theory is made, pointing out the three registers of the psyche: the real, the symbolic and the imaginary, so that from this perspective we can understand the place that the body has beyond a biomedical speech. On the other hand, it is described how transference phenomena are manifested in psychotherapy sessions in the virtual field due to the virtual presence of the psychotherapist's body. Finally, the various opinions of psychologists and psychoanalysts are reviewed, with reference articles on the impact generated in virtual psychotherapy sessions, the absence of the presence of the body, and how this way of bonding influences the dynamics of psychotherapy. This article highlights how this dynamic of the presence - absence of the physical body in psychoanalytically oriented virtual psychotherapy sessions can impact the psychotherapeutic procedure. Keywords: body, psychoanalysis, virtual, technology, psychotherapy. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 06 de enero de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 24 de febrero de 2022.Fecha de publicación: 04 de marzo de 2022. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2022-03-04 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/60 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 No. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial marzo 2022); 58-76 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial marzo 2022); 58-76 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/60/106 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/60/107 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/61 2022-03-04T21:47:04Z gestar:ART

STRESS IN PARENTS OR GUARDIANS IN CHARGE OF ONLINE EDUCATION IN TIMES OF PANDEMIC Estrés en padres o tutores encargados de la educación online en tiempos de pandemia Moreira-Navia, Jennifer Roxana Bumbila-García, Bibian Bibeca SARS-CoV-2, pandemia, padres, virtual, online, estrés, educación SARS-CoV-2, pandemic, parents, virtual, online, stress, education In Ecuador, given the health emergency caused by SARS-CoV-2, educational institutions had to close their doors, so education had to continue from home with the online or virtual mode, with parents or guardians as the main caregivers. Routines and occupations must have been modified in order to be aware of the education of their children. The objective of this research is to know the stress levels of parents or guardians involved in online education in times of pandemic, for which the PSS-14 tool was applied to 97 people in charge of the education of students of the Sagrada Familia Private Educational Unit who have in charge of at least one basic general education student, in the 2021-2022 school period. As a result, it was evidenced that those who dream of being in charge of education are women with the role of mothers, of which 11 have a level of episodic acute stress. Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, pandemic, parents, virtual, online, stress, education. En Ecuador, dada la emergencia sanitaria causada por el SARS-CoV-2, las instituciones educativas tuvieron que cerrar sus puertas, por lo que la educación debió continuar desde casa con la modalidad online o virtual, con los padres o tutores como principales encargados. Se debió de modificar las rutinas y ocupaciones para poder estar pendiente de la educación de sus hijos. El objetivo de esta investigación es conocer los niveles de estrés de padres o tutores involucrados en la educación online en tiempos de pandemia, para lo cual se aplicó la herramienta PSS-14 a 97 encargados de la educación de alumnos de la Unidad Educativa Particular Sagrada Familia que tienen a su cargo al menos a un estudiante de educación general básica, en el periodo lectivo 2021-2022. Como resultado, se evidenció que quienes se suenen encargar de la educación son mujeres con el rol de madres, de las cuales 11 tienen un nivel de estrés agudo episódico. Palabras clave: SARS-CoV-2, pandemia, padres, virtual, online, estrés, educación. Abstract In Ecuador, given the health emergency caused by SARS-CoV-2, educational institutions had to close their doors, so education had to continue from home with the online or virtual mode, with parents or guardians as the main caregivers. Routines and occupations must have been modified in order to be aware of the education of their children. The objective of this research is to know the stress levels of parents or guardians involved in online education in times of pandemic, for which the PSS-14 tool was applied to 97 people in charge of the education of students of the Sagrada Familia Private Educational Unit who have in charge of at least one basic general education student, in the 2021-2022 school period. As a result, it was evidenced that those who dream of being in charge of education are women with the role of mothers, of which 11 have a level of episodic acute stress. Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, pandemic, parents, virtual, online, stress, education. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 06 de enero de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 24 de febrero de 2022.Fecha de publicación: 04 de marzo de 2022. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2022-03-04 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/61 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 No. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial marzo 2022); 77-90 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial marzo 2022); 77-90 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/61/108 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/61/109 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/62 2022-03-04T22:23:18Z gestar:ART

DEPRESSION IN OLDER ADULTS LIVING IN GULLERMINA LOOR GERIATRIC CENTER Depresión en los adultos mayores que viven en el centro geriátrico Guillermina Loor Sosa-Arteaga, Francisco Javier Terán-Espinoza, Juan Daniel Sánchez-Rogel, Lesly Hugo Adulto Mayor, Depresión, Género, Geriátrico Older adult, Depression, Gender, Geriatric Depression is an affective disorder that often occurs in older adults, mainly in geriatric centers, this research aims to knowledge what depression-based reality is in a sample of 29 seniors living in Guillermina Loor Geriatric Center in the city of Portoviejo, 22 of the subjects fulfilled the inclusion parameters required for this research,  the diagnosis tool chosen to evaluate depression was Yesavage Geriatric Depression, this tool evaluates three levels of depression: no depression, probable depression, and established depression, such scale allowed us to determine the population with depression signs and the prevalence according to the gender in older adults, criteria about depression established by the WHO (World Health Organization) is mentioned, as well as statistics regarding seniors’ reality were provided by MIES (Ministry of Economic and Social Inclusion), the results showed that 50% of the subjects did not fulfill the criteria for this affective disorder diagnosis, and the other 50% of them did present such criteria, the prevalence in the male population is 60%, and in female population is 40%, the conclusion is that older adults do experience depression. Keywords: Older adult, Depression, Gender, Geriatric. La depresión es una enfermedad de tipo afectivo que se presenta a menudo en las personas adultas mayores principalmente dentro de los centros geriátricos, la presente investigación se centra en conocer la realidad con base en la depresión con una muestra de 29 adultos mayores que viven en el Geriátrico Guillermina Loor de la ciudad de Portoviejo, 22 adultos mayores cumplieron con los parámetros de inclusión, la herramienta de diagnóstico fue la escala de depresión geriátrica Yesavage, esta evalúa la depresión en 3 niveles, sin depresión, probable depresión y depresión establecida, dicha escala permitió conocer la población que presenta o se encuentran desarrollando depresión y la prevalencia según el género en los adultos mayores, se mencionaron los criterios establecidos por la OMS (Organización mundial de la salud) en cuanto a la depresión, datos estadísticos proporcionados por el MIES de la realidad de los adultos mayores, los resultados fueron que el 50% no indican criterios para ser diagnosticados con este trastorno afectivo según la herramienta aplicada y el otro 50% de ellos si los presentan, teniendo una prevalencia en  hombres del 60%, y en mujeres 40%, llegando a la conclusión de que los adultos mayores presentan depresión. Palabras clave: Adulto Mayor, Depresión, Género, Geriátrico. Abstract Depression is an affective disorder that often occurs in older adults, mainly in geriatric centers, this research aims to knowledge what depression-based reality is in a sample of 29 seniors living in Guillermina Loor Geriatric Center in the city of Portoviejo, 22 of the subjects fulfilled the inclusion parameters required for this research,  the diagnosis tool chosen to evaluate depression was Yesavage Geriatric Depression, this tool evaluates three levels of depression: no depression, probable depression, and established depression, such scale allowed us to determine the population with depression signs and the prevalence according to the gender in older adults, criteria about depression established by the WHO (World Health Organization) is mentioned, as well as statistics regarding seniors’ reality were provided by MIES (Ministry of Economic and Social Inclusion), the results showed that 50% of the subjects did not fulfill the criteria for this affective disorder diagnosis, and the other 50% of them did present such criteria, the prevalence in the male population is 60%, and in female population is 40%, the conclusion is that older adults do experience depression. Keywords: Older adult, Depression, Gender, Geriatric. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 06 de enero de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 24 de febrero de 2022.Fecha de publicación: 04 de marzo de 2022. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2022-03-04 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/62 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 No. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial marzo 2022); 91-103 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial marzo 2022); 91-103 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/62/110 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/62/111 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/63 2022-03-04T22:52:02Z gestar:ART

IDENTIFICATION OF MENTAL DISORDERS PRESENT IN PREGNANT WOMEN IN THE CITY OF ROCAFUERTE Identificación de trastornos mentales presentes en mujeres embarazadas en la ciudad de Rocafuerte Gómez-Reyna, Robert Rafael Valdivieso-López, Isabel Patricia factores de riesgo, embarazo, alteraciones mentales, gestantes, salud mental pregnancy, mental disorders, pregnant, mental health There are various investigations that show multiple risk factors at different stages of pregnancy, which influence the course and appearance of mental disorders. The objective is to determine the relationship of mental disorders in pregnant women. Therefore, a study is carried out from a descriptive quantitative approach, with a type of cross-sectional design. The universe corresponds to all pregnant women treated by control at the Natalia Huerta de Niemes Basic Hospital in the Rocafuerte canton. The sample was obtained from the population of pregnant women treated in the hospital during one trimester. Clinical observation, the semi-structured interview and the application of the Symptom Questionnaire "Self-Reporting Questionnaire" (SRQ) were used. For data processing, the statistical software SPSS was used. The application of psychotherapy is transcendental in the treatment of multiple problems of mental health and its identification and early intervention can contribute to a better management of these clinical pictures. A prevalence of psychosocial antecedents was evidenced in the purpurea, with a high rate of mental health disorders such as anxiety and depression. Keywords: pregnancy, mental disorders, pregnant, mental health. Existen diversas investigaciones en las que demuestran múltiples factores de riesgo en las diferentes etapas del embarazo, los cuales influyen en el curso y aparición de los trastornos mentales. El objetivo es determinar la relación de los trastornos mentales en las mujeres embarazadas. Por lo cual se realiza un estudio desde el enfoque cuantitativo descriptivo, con tipo de diseño transversal. El universo corresponde a todas las mujeres embarazadas atendidas por control en el Hospital Básico Natalia Huerta de Niemes del Cantón Rocafuerte- Manabí. La muestra se obtuvo de la población de mujeres embarazadas atendidas en el hospital durante un trimestre. Se realizó la evaluación mediante la información de las fichas de las pacientes ingresadas a más de la aplicación del Cuestionario de Síntomas "Self-Reporting Questionnaire” (SRQ). Para el procesamiento de datos, se utilizó el software estadístico SPSS. La aplicación de psicoterapia es trascendental en el tratamiento a múltiples problemas de salud mental y su identificación e intervención temprana puede contribuir a un mejor manejo de estos cuadros clínicos. Se evidenció una prevalencia de antecedentes psico-sociales en las purpurea, con un alto índice de alteraciones de salud mental tales como ansiedad y depresión. Palabras clave: factores de riesgo, embarazo, alteraciones mentales, gestantes, salud mental. Abstract There are various investigations that show multiple risk factors at different stages of pregnancy, which influence the course and appearance of mental disorders. The objective is to determine the relationship of mental disorders in pregnant women. Therefore, a study is carried out from a descriptive quantitative approach, with a type of cross-sectional design. The universe corresponds to all pregnant women treated by control at the Natalia Huerta de Niemes Basic Hospital in the Rocafuerte canton. The sample was obtained from the population of pregnant women treated in the hospital during one trimester. Clinical observation, the semi-structured interview and the application of the Symptom Questionnaire "Self-Reporting Questionnaire" (SRQ) were used. For data processing, the statistical software SPSS was used. The application of psychotherapy is transcendental in the treatment of multiple problems of mental health and its identification and early intervention can contribute to a better management of these clinical pictures. A prevalence of psychosocial antecedents was evidenced in the purpurea, with a high rate of mental health disorders such as anxiety and depression. Keywords: pregnancy, mental disorders, pregnant, mental health. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 06 de enero de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 24 de febrero de 2022.Fecha de publicación: 04 de marzo de 2022. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2022-03-04 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/63 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 No. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial marzo 2022); 104-119 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial marzo 2022); 104-119 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/63/112 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/63/113 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/64 2022-03-08T05:55:22Z gestar:ART

LEVEL OF FAMILY RESILIENCE IN ADOLESCENTS OF THE PARISH MARCH 12 TO COVID-19 Nivel de resiliencia familiar en adolescentes de la Parroquia 12 de Marzo ante el COVID-19 Arteaga-Acuria, Andrea Marina Rodríguez-Álava, Leonor Alexandra Resiliencia, Covid-19, adolescentes Resilience, Covid-19, teenagers Resilience is understood as the capacity of people to foresee, underestimate and overcome the effects of any adversity. Throughout the world there are high rates of mental health problems, it has been determined that from 10% to 20% of children and adolescents experience some psychological pathology and that they are more prone from the age of 12 or 14. In Ecuador more than 12% of the population goes to specialized institutions or hospitals for psychological help, these are worrying observations because the quality of the free centers for the assistance of conditions that damage mental health is null, in many cities the situation of social isolation affects each one of the people equally, the probabilities of having stress and depression are amplified before a new and unforeseen level of contingency through which all Ecuadorians are going through. The objective of this research was to assess the level of family resilience in 24 adolescents from the parish of 12 de marzo in the face of Covid-19 by means of an instrument of 24 items that measures interpersonal competencies; empathic and adaptive characteristics; optimism and strength; family relationships and analytical skills, having high results from 50% to 75% with respect to these characteristics, concluding that the adolescents have developed a high level of resilience during the Covid-19 pandemic. Keywords: Resilience, Covid-19, teenagers. La resiliencia se entiende como la capacidad que poseen las personas para prever, subestimar y vencer los efectos de cualquier adversidad. En todo el mundo existen índices altos sobre problemas de salud mental, se ha determinado que; del 10% al 20% de los niños y adolescentes experimentan alguna patología psicológica y que son más propensos a partir de los 12 o 14 años. En Ecuador más del 12% de la población acude a instituciones especializadas u hospitales por alguna ayuda psicológica, son observaciones preocupantes pues la calidad de los centros gratuitos para el asistencialismo de afecciones que perjudiquen la salud mental es nula, en muchas ciudades la situación de aislamiento social afecta a cada una de las personas por igual, las probabilidades de tener estrés y depresión se amplifican ante un nivel de contingencia nuevo e imprevisto por el cual están pasando todos los ecuatorianos. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo valorar el nivel de resiliencia familiar en 24 adolescentes de la parroquia 12 de marzo ante el Covid-19 mediante un instrumento de 24 ítems que mide competencias interpersonales; características empáticas y de adaptación; optimismo y fortaleza; relaciones familiares y habilidades analíticas teniendo resultados altos desde 50% hasta 75% con respecto a estas características concluyendo que los adolescentes han desarrollado un nivel alto de resiliencia durante la pandemia del Covid-19. Palabras clave: Resiliencia, Covid-19, adolescentes. Abstract Resilience is understood as the capacity of people to foresee, underestimate and overcome the effects of any adversity. Throughout the world there are high rates of mental health problems, it has been determined that from 10% to 20% of children and adolescents experience some psychological pathology and that they are more prone from the age of 12 or 14. In Ecuador more than 12% of the population goes to specialized institutions or hospitals for psychological help, these are worrying observations because the quality of the free centers for the assistance of conditions that damage mental health is null, in many cities the situation of social isolation affects each one of the people equally, the probabilities of having stress and depression are amplified before a new and unforeseen level of contingency through which all Ecuadorians are going through. The objective of this research was to assess the level of family resilience in 24 adolescents from the parish of 12 de marzo in the face of Covid-19 by means of an instrument of 24 items that measures interpersonal competencies; empathic and adaptive characteristics; optimism and strength; family relationships and analytical skills, having high results from 50% to 75% with respect to these characteristics, concluding that the adolescents have developed a high level of resilience during the Covid-19 pandemic. Keywords: Resilience, Covid-19, teenagers. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 06 de enero de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 24 de febrero de 2022.Fecha de publicación: 04 de marzo de 2022. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2022-03-04 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/64 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 No. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial marzo 2022); 120-134 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial marzo 2022); 120-134 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/64/114 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/64/115 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/66 2022-03-08T06:31:20Z gestar:ART

SARS – COV – 2 AND TELEWORKING: COPING STYLES AGAINST WORK STRESS IN UNIVERSITY TEACHERS SARS – Cov – 2 y teletrabajo: Estilos de afrontamiento frente al estrés laboral en docentes universitarios Ponce-Alencastro, Jhon Alexander Zambrano-Saltos, Roberth Olmedo Rodríguez-Álava, Leonor Alexandra Estrés laboral, Afrontamiento, Pandemia, Docencia, Teletrabajo Work stress, Coping, Pandemic, Teaching, Telecommuting Work stress is a problem that affects all professions, especially during the current pandemic by Sars - Cov - 2, the overload of work activities has increased in university teachers who continue their activities in the teleworking modality. The purpose of this study was to identify the coping styles that university teachers adopt the most in the face of work stress. Through a descriptive non-experimental cross-sectional design in a population of 89 full-time teachers from the Faculty of Administrative and Economic Sciences of the Technical University of Manabí, to whom the stress coping questionnaire (CAE) was applied. The result of this work has yielded relevant and pertinent data, establishing as coping styles most used by teachers: the search for social support, avoidance, open emotional expression and positive reappraisal. Conclusion: The university teaching staff in teleworking mode due to the Sars - Cov - 2 health emergency presents inadequate coping styles in the face of work stress that are unhealthy in the development of maladaptive strategies that decrease interaction with their peers and the ability to solve problems related to their work activities. Keywords: Work stress, Coping, Pandemic, Teaching, Telecommuting. El estrés laboral es un problema que afecta a todas las profesiones, sobre todo durante la actual pandemia por Sars – Cov – 2, se ha incrementado la sobrecarga de actividades laborales en los docentes universitarios que continúan sus actividades en la modalidad de teletrabajo. El propósito del presente trabajo fue identificar los estilos de afrontamiento que más adoptan los docentes universitarios frente al estrés laboral. Mediante un diseño descriptivo no experimental de tipo transversal en una población de 89 docentes a tiempo completo de la Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas y Económicas de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí a quienes se les aplico el cuestionario de afrontamiento al estrés (CAE). El resultado de este trabajo ha arrojado datos relevantes y pertinentes estableciéndose como estilos de afrontamiento más utilizados por los docentes: la búsqueda de apoyo social, la evitación, la expresión emocional abierta y la reevaluación positiva. Conclusión: El personal docente universitario en modalidad de teletrabajo por la emergencia sanitaria de Sars – Cov – 2 presenta estilos de afrontamiento inadecuados ante el estrés laboral que resultan poco saludables en el desarrollo de estrategias desadaptativas que disminuyen la interacción con sus pares y la capacidad de resolver problemas relacionados con sus actividades laborales. Palabras clave: Estrés laboral, Afrontamiento, Pandemia, Docencia, Teletrabajo. Abstract Work stress is a problem that affects all professions, especially during the current pandemic by Sars - Cov - 2, the overload of work activities has increased in university teachers who continue their activities in the teleworking modality. The purpose of this study was to identify the coping styles that university teachers adopt the most in the face of work stress. Through a descriptive non-experimental cross-sectional design in a population of 89 full-time teachers from the Faculty of Administrative and Economic Sciences of the Technical University of Manabí, to whom the stress coping questionnaire (CAE) was applied. The result of this work has yielded relevant and pertinent data, establishing as coping styles most used by teachers: the search for social support, avoidance, open emotional expression and positive reappraisal. Conclusion: The university teaching staff in teleworking mode due to the Sars - Cov - 2 health emergency presents inadequate coping styles in the face of work stress that are unhealthy in the development of maladaptive strategies that decrease interaction with their peers and the ability to solve problems related to their work activities. Keywords: Work stress, Coping, Pandemic, Teaching, Telecommuting. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 06 de enero de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 24 de febrero de 2022.Fecha de publicación: 04 de marzo de 2022. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2022-03-04 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/66 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 No. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial marzo 2022); 153-168 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial marzo 2022); 153-168 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/66/118 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/66/119 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/68 2022-04-06T21:59:08Z gestar:ART

APPLICATION OF THE POSITIVE PARENTING SCALE TO MOTHERS OF SCHOOL CHILDREN DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC Aplicación de escala de parentalidad positiva a madres de niños escolares durante la pandemia COVID-19 Sánchez-Parrales, Karla Monserrate Mestre-Gómez, Ulises Competencias parentales, escala de parentalidad, COVID-19, niños escolares Parenting skills, parenting scale, COVID-19, school-age children The research that was carried out deals with the positive parenting scale that was made with representatives of school children during the COVID-19 pandemic, with the aim of identifying the skills that are in risk areas to improve them, the methodology that was executed was cross-sectional descriptive through surveys to the representatives, the results were divided into two scales that in turn served to obtain the conclusions of the work, where an improvement was recorded between the first scale that was made at the beginning of the investigation and the second scale which was executed at the end of the counseling sessions and showing videos-feedback to the representatives. Keywords: Parenting skills, parenting scale, COVID-19, school-age children. La investigación que se realizó trata sobre la escala de parentalidad positiva que se hizo con representantes de niños escolares durante la pandemia COVID-19, con el objetivo de identificar las competencias que se encuentran en zonas de riesgo para mejorarlas, la metodología que se ejecutó fue transversal descriptiva a través de encuestas a los representantes, los resultados se dividieron en dos escalas que a su vez sirvieron para obtener las conclusiones del trabajo, donde se registró una mejoría entre la primera escala que se hizo al principio de la investigación y la segunda escala que se ejecutó al finalizar las consejerías y mostrar videos-feedback a los representantes. Palabras clave: Competencias parentales, escala de parentalidad, COVID-19, niños escolares. Abstract The research that was carried out deals with the positive parenting scale that was made with representatives of school children during the COVID-19 pandemic, with the aim of identifying the skills that are in risk areas to improve them, the methodology that was executed was cross-sectional descriptive through surveys to the representatives, the results were divided into two scales that in turn served to obtain the conclusions of the work, where an improvement was recorded between the first scale that was made at the beginning of the investigation and the second scale which was executed at the end of the counseling sessions and showing videos-feedback to the representatives. Keywords: Parenting skills, parenting scale, COVID-19, school-age children. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 15 de febrero de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 05 de abril de 2022.Fecha de publicación: 06 de abril de 2022. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2022-04-06 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/68 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 No. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial abril 2022); 2-13 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial abril 2022); 2-13 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/68/120 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/68/121 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/69 2022-04-06T22:07:03Z gestar:ART

INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL DISTANCING ON THE INTRA-FAMILY RELATIONSHIP WITH OLDER ADULTS Influencia del distanciamiento social en la relación intrafamiliar con los adultos mayores Sornoza-Macías, Andrea Stefanía Román-Cao, Eldis Distanciamiento social, Relación intrafamiliar, Adultos mayores, Portoviejo Social distancing, Intra-family relationship, Older adults, Portoviejo The intra-family environment fulfills functions of great significance for the person, much when it comes to an older adult, because it is the family who has to provide accompaniment until the last of the days at all times that are required. The role of intra-family relationships is important because it encompasses aspects of restoring and maintaining the health and well-being of the elderly and their members. The objective of this research is to analyze how social distancing manages to influence this intrafamilial relationship. The design was documentary, descriptive, transversal type, to know the experiences and intra-family relationships with a group of older adults who live in the Cruz Alta De Miguelillo community of the Portoviejo canton, during the period of social distancing that occurred during April 2020-March 2021. The results obtained after applying the APGAR and ESTE test show moderate family dysfunction and a sense of mild family loneliness. It is concluded that social distancing negatively influences older adults, specifically intra-family relationships. Keywords: Social distancing, Intra-family relationship, Older adults, Portoviejo. El ámbito intrafamiliar cumple funciones de gran significancia para la persona, mucho cuando se trata de un adulto mayor, pues, es la familiar quien ha de brindar acompañamiento hasta el último de los días en todo momento que así se requiera. El rol de las relaciones intrafamiliares es importante porque abarca los aspectos de restablecimiento y mantenimiento de la salud y en el bienestar del adulto mayor y sus miembros. El objetivo de la presente investigación es el analizar como el distanciamiento social logra influenciar en esta relación intrafamiliar. El diseño fue documental, descriptivo, de tipo transversal, para conocer las vivencias y relaciones intrafamiliares con un grupo de adultos mayores que habitan en la comunidad Cruz Alta De Miguelillo del cantón Portoviejo, durante el periodo de distanciamiento social ocurrido durante abril 2020- marzo 2021. Los resultados obtenidos luego de aplicar el test APGAR y ESTE evidencian una disfunción familiar moderada y sentido de soledad familiar leve. Se concluye que el distanciamiento social influye de forma negativa en los adultos mayores, concretamente en las relaciones intrafamiliares. Palabras clave: Distanciamiento social, Relación intrafamiliar, Adultos mayores, Portoviejo. Abstract The intra-family environment fulfills functions of great significance for the person, much when it comes to an older adult, because it is the family who has to provide accompaniment until the last of the days at all times that are required. The role of intra-family relationships is important because it encompasses aspects of restoring and maintaining the health and well-being of the elderly and their members. The objective of this research is to analyze how social distancing manages to influence this intrafamilial relationship. The design was documentary, descriptive, transversal type, to know the experiences and intra-family relationships with a group of older adults who live in the Cruz Alta De Miguelillo community of the Portoviejo canton, during the period of social distancing that occurred during April 2020-March 2021. The results obtained after applying the APGAR and ESTE test show moderate family dysfunction and a sense of mild family loneliness. It is concluded that social distancing negatively influences older adults, specifically intra-family relationships. Keywords: Social distancing, Intra-family relationship, Older adults, Portoviejo. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 15 de febrero de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 05 de abril de 2022.Fecha de publicación: 06 de abril de 2022. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2022-04-06 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/69 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 No. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial abril 2022); 14-31 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial abril 2022); 14-31 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/69/122 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/69/123 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/70 2022-04-06T22:14:26Z gestar:ART

PARENTING SKILLS APPLIED TO PARENTS WITH CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES BETWEEN 6 AND 7 YEARS OF AGE FROM THE IBERO-AMERICAN CHURCH OF CHRIST CANTON SAN VICENTE Competencias parentales de los padres de niños con discapacidad entre 6 a 7 años de la iglesia Iberoamericana de Cristo Cantón San Vicente Villamar-Gilces, César Iván Fernández-Fernández, Iliana María Discapacidad, Padres de familia, competencias parentales, vinculación, formación, protección y reflexión Disability, parenting skills, bonding, training, protection and reflection A study was carried out with the aim of knowing the current state of parental skills that parents of children with disabilities between six and seven years of age have. The research was carried out from a mixed approach, the Positive Parenting Scale (E2P vol.2) was applied to a sample of 35 representatives of children with different types of disabilities belonging to the Ibero-American Church of Christ in the San Vicente canton. The results obtained allowed to establish the existing relationships between the four bonding, formative, protective and reflective competencies evaluated through the applied scale, as well as the determination of the most frequent behaviors related to the competencies and roles of parents in relation to upbringing and contributions to the development of their children with disabilities. Keywords: Disability, parenting skills, bonding, training, protection and reflection. Se realizó un estudio con el objetivo de conocer el estado actual de las competencias parentales que tienen los padres de niños con discapacidad entre seis y siete años de edad. La investigación fue realizada desde un enfoque mixto, se aplicó la Escala de Parentalidad Positiva (E2P vol.2), en una muestra de 35 representantes de niños con diferentes tipos de discapacidad pertenecientes a la iglesia Iberoamericana de Cristo del cantón San Vicente. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron establecer las relaciones existentes entre las cuatro competencias vinculativas, formativas, protectoras y reflexivas evaluadas a través de la escala aplicada, así como la determinación de las conductas más frecuentes relacionadas a las competencias y roles de los padres de familia en relación a la crianza y aportes en el desarrollo de sus hijos (as) con discapacidad. Palabras clave: Discapacidad, Padres de familia, competencias parentales, vinculación, formación, protección y reflexión. Abstract A study was carried out with the aim of knowing the current state of parental skills that parents of children with disabilities between six and seven years of age have. The research was carried out from a mixed approach, the Positive Parenting Scale (E2P vol.2) was applied to a sample of 35 representatives of children with different types of disabilities belonging to the Ibero-American Church of Christ in the San Vicente canton. The results obtained allowed to establish the existing relationships between the four bonding, formative, protective and reflective competencies evaluated through the applied scale, as well as the determination of the most frequent behaviors related to the competencies and roles of parents in relation to upbringing and contributions to the development of their children with disabilities. Keywords: Disability, parenting skills, bonding, training, protection and reflection. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 15 de febrero de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 05 de abril de 2022.Fecha de publicación: 06 de abril de 2022. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2022-04-06 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/70 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 No. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial abril 2022); 32-40 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial abril 2022); 32-40 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/70/124 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/70/125 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/71 2022-04-12T22:48:38Z gestar:ART

ROLE OF THE FAMILY IN THE QUALITY OF LIFE AND SELF-DETERMINATION OF PEOPLE WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS Rol de la familia en la calidad de vida y autodeterminación de las personas con trastornos del espectro autista Zambrano-Mendoza, Ana Isabel Lescay-Blanco, Dayana Margarita Inclusión, autismo, educación Inclusion, autism, education This research aims to make autism known and explain its conceptualization and inclusion within the Autism Spectrum Disorder, and thus distance the population from certain myths. After this has been made clear, an individualized intervention based on the characteristics of the child with autism will be given to find out the strengths and weaknesses. A qualitative design was used, supported by the collaboration of family members, medical and nursing staff, using interviews which served as a strategy for identifying needs. It was identified that there is a limited integration, allowing to conclude that there are still shortcomings in the inclusion of the social and educational environment. Keywords: Inclusion, autism, education. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo dar a conocer el autismo y explicar su conceptualización e inclusión dentro del Trastorno del Espectro Autista, y así alejar la población de ciertos mitos. Después que esto haya quedado claro, se dará un intervención individualizada y basada en características del niño con autismo para conocer las debilidades y fortalezas.  Se manejo un diseño cualitativo apoyado en la colaboración de familiares, personal médico y enfermería, empleando entrevistas las cuales sirvieron de estrategia para la identificación de las necesidades. Se identifico que existe una integración limitada, permitiendo concluir que aun existe falencias en la inclusión del entorno social y educativo. Palabras clave: Inclusión, autismo, educación. Abstract This research aims to make autism known and explain its conceptualization and inclusion within the Autism Spectrum Disorder, and thus distance the population from certain myths. After this has been made clear, an individualized intervention based on the characteristics of the child with autism will be given to find out the strengths and weaknesses. A qualitative design was used, supported by the collaboration of family members, medical and nursing staff, using interviews which served as a strategy for identifying needs. It was identified that there is a limited integration, allowing to conclude that there are still shortcomings in the inclusion of the social and educational environment. Keywords: Inclusion, autism, education. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 28 de febrero de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 11 de abril de 2022.Fecha de publicación: 12 de abril de 2022. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2022-04-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/71 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 No. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial abril 2022); 41-77 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial abril 2022); 41-77 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/71/126 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/71/127 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/72 2022-04-13T22:27:16Z gestar:ART

QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH KIDNEY DISEASE La calidad de vida en pacientes con enfermedad renal Ramírez-Reyes, Damid Romina Tejeda-Díaz, Rafael Calidad de vida, Enfermedad Renal Crónica, ERC, Psicología, Salud mental Quality of life, Chronic kidney disease, CKD, Psychology, Mental Health Chronic kidney disease is characterized by structural and functional alteration at the kidney level, these conditions can cause great discomfort in patients who suffer from it, generating an impact on their quality of life, the present investigation has as objective Knowing the incidence of kidney disease in the quality of life of patients with chronic kidney failure, the study was carried out using a descriptive-qualitative methodology, by collecting data on the state of health in 30 of the patients of the Renal Clinic , as well as through personal interviews, using the KDQOL-36 scale to evaluate the quality of life in patients with kidney disease, obtaining as a result, that the greatest impact occurs in the perception of the physical health of the person considering a deterioration in the same, the pearson correlation index was -0.805, according to what was established by the different authors, it is concluded, that the quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease is relatively good, however, physical deterioration is latent, So in future research can aim to improving physical performance. Keywords: Quality of life, Chronic kidney disease, CKD, Psychology, Mental Health. La enfermedad renal crónica se caracteriza por la alteración estructural y funcional a nivel renal, estas afecciones pueden llegar a causar un gran malestar en los pacientes que la padecen, generando un impacto en la calidad de vida de los mismos, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo el conocer la incidencia de la enfermedad renal en la calidad de vida de los pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica, el estudio se realizó mediante una metodología descriptiva-cualitativa, mediante la recolección de datos del estado de salud en 30 de los pacientes de la Clínica Renal, así como mediante entrevistas personales, usando la escala KDQOL-36 para evaluar la calidad de vida en pacientes con enfermedad renal, obteniendo como resultado, que el mayor impacto se da en las percepción de la salud física de la persona considerando un deterioro en la misma, se encontró un grado de correlación de Pearson de -0,805, acorde a lo establecido por los distintos autores, es así que se llega a la conclusión, de que la calidad de vida en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica es relativamente buena, sin embargo, el deterioro físico es latente, por lo que se puede establecer investigaciones que apunten a mejorar el rendimiento físico. Palabras clave: Calidad de vida, Enfermedad Renal Crónica, ERC, Psicología, Salud mental. Abstract Chronic kidney disease is characterized by structural and functional alteration at the kidney level, these conditions can cause great discomfort in patients who suffer from it, generating an impact on their quality of life, the present investigation has as objective Knowing the incidence of kidney disease in the quality of life of patients with chronic kidney failure, the study was carried out using a descriptive-qualitative methodology, by collecting data on the state of health in 30 of the patients of the Renal Clinic , as well as through personal interviews, using the KDQOL-36 scale to evaluate the quality of life in patients with kidney disease, obtaining as a result, that the greatest impact occurs in the perception of the physical health of the person considering a deterioration in the same, the pearson correlation index was -0.805, according to what was established by the different authors, it is concluded, that the quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease is relatively good, however, physical deterioration is latent, So in future research can aim to improving physical performance. Keywords: Quality of life, Chronic kidney disease, CKD, Psychology, Mental Health. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 28 de febrero de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 12 de abril de 2022.Fecha de publicación: 13 de abril de 2022. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2022-04-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/72 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 No. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial abril 2022); 78-93 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial abril 2022); 78-93 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/72/128 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/72/129 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/73 2022-06-01T18:32:10Z gestar:ART

DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND ITS EFFECT ON MENTAL HEALTH IN OLDER ADULTS La violencia intrafamiliar y su afectación en la salud mental en los adultos mayores García-Lucas, Clara Alexandra Antón-Vera, Gustavo Enrique Ponce-Alencastro, Jhon Alexander Adulto mayor, violencia, vejez, salud mental Older adult, violence, old age, mental health Over time, the human being experiences a series of changes associated with the aging process, generating different transitions in biological, psychological and social aspects given by the progressive increase in the life expectancy of the population that influences family relationships. The purpose of this study was to characterize domestic violence from the type of abuse that affects mental health in older adults who receive care from the Ministry of economic and social inclusion through a cooperation agreement with the autonomous decentralized parish government of San Jacinto del Búa de the province of Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas. A non-experimental research with a cross-sectional descriptive design was carried out in a population of 40 older adults who underwent a sociodemographic survey, applying the geriatric scale of elder abuse and the general health questionnaire -12. The result of this work has yielded relevant data, predominantly in the age group of 71 to 80 years, especially the female sex, as the one that has suffered the most psychological, financial and negligence abuse from their relatives, affecting their mental health. Concluding that the mistreatment generated by domestic violence is related to the presence of psychopathological alterations in the mental health of older adults, disturbing them emotionally, which reflects the need to guarantee respect for their dignity and the exercise of their rights. Keywords: Older adult, violence, old age, mental health. Al pasar el tiempo el ser humano experimenta una serie de cambios asociados con el proceso del envejecimiento generando diferentes transiciones en los aspectos biológicos, psicológicos y sociales dado por el aumento progresivo de la expectativa de vida de la población que influye en las relaciones familiares. El propósito del presente trabajo fue caracterizar la violencia intrafamiliar desde la tipología de maltratos que afectan la salud mental en los adultos mayores que reciben atención del Ministerio de inclusión económica y social mediante convenio de cooperación con el Gobierno autónomo descentralizado parroquial de San Jacinto del Búa de la provincia de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas. Se llevo a cabo una investigación no experimental de diseño descriptivo tipo transversal en una población de 40 adultos mayores a quienes se les realizó una encuesta sociodemográfica aplicándose la escala geriátrica de maltrato al adulto mayor y el cuestionario de salud general -12. El resultado de este trabajo ha arrojado datos relevantes predominando el grupo etario de 71 a 80 años, sobre todo el sexo femenino como el que más maltrato de tipo psicológico, financiero y negligencia ha sufrido por parte de sus familiares afectando su salud mental. Concluyendo que el maltrato generado por la violencia intrafamiliar se relaciona con la presencia de alteraciones psicopatológicas en la salud mental de los adultos mayores perturbándoles emocionalmente, lo que refleja la necesidad de garantizar el respeto de su dignidad y el ejercicio de sus derechos. Palabras clave: Adulto mayor, violencia, vejez, salud mental. Abstract Over time, the human being experiences a series of changes associated with the aging process, generating different transitions in biological, psychological and social aspects given by the progressive increase in the life expectancy of the population that influences family relationships. The purpose of this study was to characterize domestic violence from the type of abuse that affects mental health in older adults who receive care from the Ministry of economic and social inclusion through a cooperation agreement with the autonomous decentralized parish government of San Jacinto del Búa de the province of Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas. A non-experimental research with a cross-sectional descriptive design was carried out in a population of 40 older adults who underwent a sociodemographic survey, applying the geriatric scale of elder abuse and the general health questionnaire -12. The result of this work has yielded relevant data, predominantly in the age group of 71 to 80 years, especially the female sex, as the one that has suffered the most psychological, financial and negligence abuse from their relatives, affecting their mental health. Concluding that the mistreatment generated by domestic violence is related to the presence of psychopathological alterations in the mental health of older adults, disturbing them emotionally, which reflects the need to guarantee respect for their dignity and the exercise of their rights. Keywords: Older adult, violence, old age, mental health. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2022-06-01 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/73 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 No. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial junio 2022); 2-22 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial junio 2022); 2-22 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/73/130 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/73/131 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/74 2022-08-15T20:41:19Z gestar:ART

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND BURNOUT SÍNDROME Salud ocupacional y el síndrome de Burnout Rodríguez-Anchundia, Laura Beatriz Chiriboga-Mendoza, Mercedes Sabando-Rodríguez, Jefferson Ricardo Síndrome de Burnout, Empresas pesqueras, Salud emocional Burnout Syndrome, Fishing companies, Emotional health The world of work has undergone a socio-cultural transformation in recent decades. Thus, the new demands of work and the mismatch between the requirements of the job in organizations and the performance possibilities of each subject have given rise to so-called psychosocial risks, including burnout syndrome (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization or dehumanization and lack of personal fulfillment at work), whose prevalence has been increasing and has become a social and public health problem that entails an economic and social cost. Due to the fact that Ecuador does not have a large number of studies carried out in this regard and the important role played by the fishing sector within the country's economy, there is a need to address this problem. In this sense, the objective of the present investigation is to know the prevalence of psychosocial burnout risks in the collaborators or workers. Keywords: Burnout Syndrome, Fishing companies, Emotional health. El mundo laboral experimenta una transformación en las últimas décadas en lo sociocultural. Así, las nuevas exigencias del trabajo y el desajuste entre los requisitos del puesto de trabajo en las organizaciones y las posibilidades de rendimiento de cada sujeto han originado riesgos denominados psicosociales, entre ellos el síndrome de burnout (agotamiento emocional, despersonalización o deshumanización y falta de realización personal en el trabajo), cuya prevalencia se ha ido incrementando y que ha venido a constituirse en un problema social y de salud pública que conlleva, un costo económico y social. Debido a que Ecuador no existe gran cantidad de estudios realizados al respecto y el importante papel que desempeña el sector pesquero dentro de la economía del país, se ve la necesidad de abordar esta problemática. En ese sentido, el objetivo de la presenta investigación es conocer la prevalencia de riesgos psicosocial burnout en los colaboradores o trabajadores de la salud. Palabras claves: Síndrome de Burnout, Empresas pesqueras, Salud emocional. Abstract The world of work has undergone a socio-cultural transformation in recent decades. Thus, the new demands of work and the mismatch between the requirements of the job in organizations and the performance possibilities of each subject have given rise to so-called psychosocial risks, including burnout syndrome (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization or dehumanization and lack of personal fulfillment at work), whose prevalence has been increasing and has become a social and public health problem that entails an economic and social cost. Due to the fact that Ecuador does not have a large number of studies carried out in this regard and the important role played by the fishing sector within the country's economy, there is a need to address this problem. In this sense, the objective of the present investigation is to know the prevalence of psychosocial burnout risks in the collaborators or workers. Keywords: Burnout Syndrome, Fishing companies, Emotional health. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 19 de mayo de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 04 de julio de 2022.Fecha de publicación: 11 de julio de 2022. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2022-07-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/74 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 No. 10 (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 2-8 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 Núm. 10 (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 2-8 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/74/132 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/74/133 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/75 2022-09-20T01:37:39Z gestar:ART

LEISHMANIASIS: AN ALWAYS CURRENT SUBJECT LEISHMANIASIS: un tema siempre de actualidad Gómez-Intriago, Jaime Andrés Cañarte-Alcívar, Jorge Leishmania, Leishmaniasis cutánea, Leishmaniasis mucosa, Leishmaniasis visceral, Lesiones, Tratamiento sistémico, Tratamiento tópico Leishmania, Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, mucosal Leishmaniasis, Visceral Leishmaniasis, injuries, Systemic treatment, Topical treatment Taking into account that Leishmaniasis is understood mainly from the perspective of cutaneous (LC), mucosal (LM) and visceral (LV) Leishmaniasis, which are infectious diseases that affect the skin and mucous membranes. The main cause is Leishmania microorganisms and they are transmitted to animals and humans by vectors of the Psychodidae family. In the study carried out, a greater updating of knowledge regarding the clinical, epidemiological and therapeutic approach to Leishmaniasis was required. As the main methodologies used, an exhaustive bibliographic review of the topic to be discussed from 2017 to 2022 in the international and Latin American context was taken into account, with a systematic search in the fundamental databases and the PRISMA research methodology. The arrival of complications in SCI is considered to be multifactorial, since various components are present that are associated with the host and the parasite. It is strongly considered that, when explaining the complications of CL, whether it is therapeutic failure and/or involvement at the mucosal level, it is the infection of the infecting parasite by a virus of the Totiviridae family and Leishmaniavirus genus. Said virus may have a level of association with an exacerbation level of the immune response and the constancy of the parasite in macrophages. However, those reported for the virus can vary between 0 to 87% in patients with SCI or CL in therapeutic failure, a situation that expresses high variability in the presence of the virus, which may well be from a multifactorial character, which they include technical components, which are associated with the samples and methods used for viral detection. Keywords: Leishmania, Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, mucosal Leishmaniasis, Visceral Leishmaniasis, injuries, Systemic treatment, Topical treatment. Al tener en cuenta que la Leishmaniasis, se entiende principalmente desde la perspectiva de las Leishmaniasis cutánea (LC), mucosa (LM) y visceral (LV), las cuales son enfermedades infecciosas que afectan a la piel y las mucosas. La causa principal son los microorganismos Leishmania y son transmitidas a los animales y humanos por vectores de la familia Psychodidae. Se requirió en el estudio realizado una mayor actualización de los conocimientos en cuanto al abordaje clínico, epidemiológico y terapéutico de la Leishmaniasis. Como principales metodologías utilizadas se tuvo en cuenta una revisión bibliográfica exhaustiva del tema a tratar desde el año 2017 al 2022 en el contexto internacional y latinoamericano, con una búsqueda sistemática en las bases de datos fundamentales y la metodología de investigación PRISMA. La llegada a complicarse una LM se considera de forma multifactorial, ya que están presentes diversos componentes que se asocian al huésped y al parásito. Con fuerza se considera que, al explicarse las complicaciones de la LC, ya sea la falla terapéutica y/o el compromiso a nivel mucoso, es la infección del parásito infectante por un virus de familia Totiviridae y género Leishmaniavirus. Dicho virus puede tener un nivel de asociación con un nivel de exacerbación de la respuesta inmune y la constancia del parásito en los macrófagos. No obstante, las reportadas del virus pueden variar entre 0 a 87% en los pacientes con LM o LC en falla terapéutica, situación esta, que expresa alta variabilidad en la presencia del virus, que bien puede ser a partir de un carácter multifactorial, que incluyen componentes técnicos, que se asocian a las muestras y métodos utilizados para la detección viral. Palabras claves: Leishmania, Leishmaniasis cutánea, Leishmaniasis mucosa, Leishmaniasis visceral, Lesiones, Tratamiento sistémico, Tratamiento tópico. Abstract Taking into account that Leishmaniasis is understood mainly from the perspective of cutaneous (LC), mucosal (LM) and visceral (LV) Leishmaniasis, which are infectious diseases that affect the skin and mucous membranes. The main cause is Leishmania microorganisms and they are transmitted to animals and humans by vectors of the Psychodidae family. In the study carried out, a greater updating of knowledge regarding the clinical, epidemiological and therapeutic approach to Leishmaniasis was required. As the main methodologies used, an exhaustive bibliographic review of the topic to be discussed from 2017 to 2022 in the international and Latin American context was taken into account, with a systematic search in the fundamental databases and the PRISMA research methodology. The arrival of complications in SCI is considered to be multifactorial, since various components are present that are associated with the host and the parasite. It is strongly considered that, when explaining the complications of CL, whether it is therapeutic failure and/or involvement at the mucosal level, it is the infection of the infecting parasite by a virus of the Totiviridae family and Leishmaniavirus genus. Said virus may have a level of association with an exacerbation level of the immune response and the constancy of the parasite in macrophages. However, those reported for the virus can vary between 0 to 87% in patients with SCI or CL in therapeutic failure, a situation that expresses high variability in the presence of the virus, which may well be from a multifactorial character, which they include technical components, which are associated with the samples and methods used for viral detection. Keywords: Leishmania, Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, mucosal Leishmaniasis, Visceral Leishmaniasis, injuries, Systemic treatment, Topical treatment. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 01 de junio de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 10 de agosto de 2022.Fecha de publicación: 11 de agosto de 2022. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2022-08-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/75 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 No. 10 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial agosto 2022); 2-21 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 Núm. 10 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial agosto 2022); 2-21 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/75/134 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/75/135 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/76 2022-09-20T01:37:39Z gestar:ART

MUCORMYCOSIS ASSOCIATED WITH COVID-19: LITERATURE REVIEW Mucormicosis asociada a COVID-19: Revisión de la literatura Licoa-Navarro, Yosenka Jaritza Anzules-Guerra, Jazmín Beatriz Milian-Hernández, Josue COVID-19, Mucormicosis, coinfección, mucorales, Virus del SARS COVID-19, Mucormycosis, coinfection, mucomorals, SARS Virus Introduction: The coronavirus-19 pandemic is a viral infection, which has been advanced to be associated with opportunistic conditions. Among these stands out mucormycosis or also known as "black fungus disease", so named due to the invasion of endothelial cells, thrombosis and tissue necrosis. Objective: was to describe the relevant findings in relation to the, diagnosis and treatment of mucormycosis associated with COVID-19. Methodology is based on secondary research by reviewing literature extracted from databases such as: PubMed, Medline, LILACS, IBECS, Cochrane, Scopus, SciELO, without language restriction, using MESH keywords. Discussion: The most common types of mucormycosis in the context of COVID-19 were rhino-orbit-cerebral, and pulmonary, although there are also other less common types such as cutaneous, gastrointestinal, renal and disseminated. Conclusion: The association between COVID-19 and mucormycosis, due to the presence of various risk factors such as poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus and immunosuppression, the clinical spectrum of these entities is non-specific, which makes it difficult to diagnose early, given this it is important to multimodal management that prevents delay the start of antifungal treatment. Keywords: COVID-19, Mucormycosis, coinfection, mucomorals, SARS Virus. Introducción: La pandemia por coronavirus-19, es una infección viral, que ha ido avanzado para asociarse con afecciones oportunistas. Dentro de estas destaca la mucormicosis o también conocida como “enfermedad del hongo negro”, denominada así debido a la invasión de las células endoteliales, trombosis y necrosis tisular. Objetivo: Describir los hallazgos relevantes en relación con la epidemiología, diagnóstico y tratamiento de la mucormicosis asociada a COVID-19. Metodología se basa en la investigación de tipo secundaria mediante la revisión de literatura extraída de bases de datos como: PubMed, Medline, LILACS, Cochrane, IBECS, Scopus, SciELO, sin restricción de idioma, utilizando palabras claves de los MESH. Discusión: Los tipos de mucormicosis más frecuentes en el contexto de COVID-19 fueron la rino-órbito-cerebral, y pulmonar, aunque también existen otros tipos menos habituales como cutánea, gastrointestinal, renal y diseminada. Conclusión: La asociación entre el COVID-19 y la mucormicosis, se debe a la presencia de diversos factores de riesgo como la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 mal controlada e inmunosupresión, el espectro clínico de estas entidades es inespecífico, lo que dificulta el diagnóstico temprano, ante esto es importante un manejo multimodal que evite el retraso del inicio de tratamiento antimicótico. Palabras claves: COVID-19, Mucormicosis, coinfección, mucorales, Virus del SARS. Abstract Introduction: The coronavirus-19 pandemic is a viral infection, which has been advanced to be associated with opportunistic conditions. Among these stands out mucormycosis or also known as "black fungus disease", so named due to the invasion of endothelial cells, thrombosis and tissue necrosis. Objective: was to describe the relevant findings in relation to the, diagnosis and treatment of mucormycosis associated with COVID-19. Methodology is based on secondary research by reviewing literature extracted from databases such as: PubMed, Medline, LILACS, IBECS, Cochrane, Scopus, SciELO, without language restriction, using MESH keywords. Discussion: The most common types of mucormycosis in the context of COVID-19 were rhino-orbit-cerebral, and pulmonary, although there are also other less common types such as cutaneous, gastrointestinal, renal and disseminated. Conclusion: The association between COVID-19 and mucormycosis, due to the presence of various risk factors such as poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus and immunosuppression, the clinical spectrum of these entities is non-specific, which makes it difficult to diagnose early, given this it is important to multimodal management that prevents delay the start of antifungal treatment. Keywords: COVID-19, Mucormycosis, coinfection, mucomorals, SARS Virus. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 01 de junio de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 10 de agosto de 2022.Fecha de publicación: 11 de agosto de 2022. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2022-08-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/76 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 No. 10 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial agosto 2022); 22-39 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 Núm. 10 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial agosto 2022); 22-39 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/76/136 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/76/137 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/78 2022-09-20T01:44:12Z gestar:ART

CLINICAL-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF COVID-19 AND CONSEQUENCES IN PREGNANT WOMEN AND NEWBORNS Características clínico-epidemiológicas de la COVID-19 y sus consecuencias en las gestantes y neonatos Intriago-Zambrano, José Antonio Piguave-Reyes, José Manuel características clínicas, epidemiológicas, gestantes clinical features, epidemiological, pregnant women Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV-2), is a virus that causes a respiratory condition called coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), is a new pathogen with a rapid increase in the number of infected, which is why this research had with the objective of analyzing the characteristics Clinical-epidemiological and consequences of Covid-19 in pregnant women and their newborns. The methodology used for this study was the documentary review, where the search for articles published within the period 2019-2022 was carried out, through bibliographic sources and scientific articles in three international databases such as: PubMed, Science Direct and Cochrane. In addition, criteria were applied for the selection of the articles based on the study objectives, such as: selecting the articles published in English and Spanish and identifying those documents that dealt with the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of (Covid-19) in pregnant women. and their neonates. In the results, it was found that the most frequent symptoms were cough in 43.9%; fever in 35.6% and difficulty breathing in 32.9%, and neonates with negative PCR tests were 95%. In conclusion, although there is a growing number of published studies on Covid-19 in pregnancy, there is not enough quality information to draw unbiased conclusions regarding the severity of Covid-19 in pregnant women and their neonates. Keywords: clinical features, epidemiological, pregnant women. El Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Severo (SARS-CoV-2), es un virus que causa una afección respiratoria denominada enfermedad por coronavirus de 2019 (Covid-19), es un nuevo patógeno con un rápido aumento de infectados, por ello la presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar las características clínicas-epidemiológicas y consecuencias de la Covid-19 en las gestantes y sus neonatos. La metodología utilizada para este estudio fue la revisión documental, donde se realizó la búsqueda de artículos publicados dentro del periodo 2019-2022, a través de fuentes bibliográficas y de artículos científicos en tres bases de datos internacionales como: PubMed, Science Direct y Cochrane. Además, se aplicaron criterios para la selección de los artículos a partir de los objetivos de estudio como: seleccionar los artículos publicados en inglés y castellano e identificar aquellos documentos que trataran sobre las características clínica-epidemiológica de la (Covid-19) en las gestantes y sus neonatos. En los resultados se encontraron que los síntomas más frecuentes fueron en un 43,9% la tos; en un 35,6% la fiebre y en un 32,9% dificultad para respirar, y los neonatos con pruebas PCR negativos fueron de un 95%.  En conclusión, aunque existe un creciente número de estudios publicados sobre la Covid-19 en el embarazo, no hay suficiente información de calidad para sacar conclusiones imparciales con respecto a la gravedad de la Covid-19 en mujeres embarazadas y sus neonatos. Palabras claves: características clínicas, epidemiológicas, gestantes. Abstract Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV-2), is a virus that causes a respiratory condition called coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), is a new pathogen with a rapid increase in the number of infected, which is why this research had with the objective of analyzing the characteristics Clinical-epidemiological and consequences of Covid-19 in pregnant women and their newborns. The methodology used for this study was the documentary review, where the search for articles published within the period 2019-2022 was carried out, through bibliographic sources and scientific articles in three international databases such as: PubMed, Science Direct and Cochrane. In addition, criteria were applied for the selection of the articles based on the study objectives, such as: selecting the articles published in English and Spanish and identifying those documents that dealt with the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of (Covid-19) in pregnant women. and their neonates. In the results, it was found that the most frequent symptoms were cough in 43.9%; fever in 35.6% and difficulty breathing in 32.9%, and neonates with negative PCR tests were 95%. In conclusion, although there is a growing number of published studies on Covid-19 in pregnancy, there is not enough quality information to draw unbiased conclusions regarding the severity of Covid-19 in pregnant women and their neonates. Keywords: clinical features, epidemiological, pregnant women. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 04 de julio de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 24 de agosto de 2022.Fecha de publicación: 16 de septiembre de 2022. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2022-09-16 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/78 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 No. 10 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial septiembre 2022); 2-18 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 5 Núm. 10 Ed. esp. (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial septiembre 2022); 2-18 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/78/138 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/78/139 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/79 2023-08-02T22:07:02Z gestar:ART

STEREOTACTIC EVACUATION OF A NEUROCYSTICERCUS IN THE VESICULAR PHASE LOCATED IN THE BRAIN STEM. CASE PRESENTATION AND LITERATURE REVIEW Evacuación estereotáctica de Neurocisticerco en fase vesicular ubicado en Tronco Encefálico. Presentación de caso y Revisión de literatura Cañar-Lascano, Geovanny German Gallardo-León, Jefferson Sánchez-Cedeño, Jorge Luis Neurocisticercosis, Tronco Encefálico, Neurocirugía, Taenia Solium Neurocysticercosis, Brain Stem, Neurosurgery, Taenia Solium Introduction: We clinical case of Neurocysticercosis diagnosed istopathologically by obtaining tissue using stereotactic surgery of the mesencephalic and protuberance lesion. The literature on the subject, the clinical case and the importance for the diagnosis and treatment of stereotactic biopsy in brain stem lesions are presented. Clinical case: In this report of a clinical case is exposed a male patient, 51 years old, with no history of importance, with left progressive brachio-crural hemiparesia, disorders in swallowing and dysarthria. Magnetic resonance imaging is requested, evidencing a lesion in the brain stem, considering for diagnosis and treatment the performance of a stereotactic biopsy which histopathological diagnosis was Neurocysticercosis, specific pharmacological treatment for this pathology is subsequently implemented. Conclusion: Neurocysticercosis is a pathology with higher incidence in developing countries, however, its presentation in brain stem is rare. This report is directed to consider this pathology as a differential diagnosis of brain stem space occupant injury. Stereotactic surgery is the first-line surgical technique, par excellence minimally invasive, ideal for complex lesions in hard-to-reach areas such as the brain stem. Keywords: Neurocysticercosis, Brain Stem, Neurosurgery, Taenia Solium. Introducción: Se presenta un caso clínico de Neurocisticercosis diagnosticada histopatológicamente gracias a la obtención de tejido mediante cirugía estereotáctica de la lesión en mesencéfalo y protuberancia. Se expone la literatura correspondiente al tema, el caso clínico y la importancia para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la biopsia estereotáxica en las lesiones de tronco encefálico. Caso clínico: En este reporte de un caso clínico se expone a un paciente de sexo masculino, de 51 años de edad, sin antecedentes de importancia, con hemiparesia braquio-crural progresiva izquierda, trastornos en la deglución y disartria se solicita imágenes de resonancia magnética evidenciando una lesión en el tronco encefálico, planteándose  para su diagnóstico y tratamiento la realización de una biopsia estereotáctica cuyo diagnostico histopatológico fue Neurocisticercosis, implementándose posteriormente tratamiento farmacológico específico para dicha patología. Conclusión: La neurocisticercosis es una patología con mayor incidencia en países en vías de desarrollo, sin embargo, su presentación en tronco encefálico es poco frecuente, este reporte va direccionado a considerar esta patología como diagnostico diferencial de lesión ocupante de espacio en tronco encefálico. La cirugía estereotáctica es la técnica quirúrgica de primera línea, por excelencia mínimamente invasiva, ideal para lesiones complejas en áreas de difícil acceso como el tronco encefálico. Palabras claves: Neurocisticercosis, Tronco Encefálico, Neurocirugía, Taenia Solium. Abstract Introduction: We clinical case of Neurocysticercosis diagnosed istopathologically by obtaining tissue using stereotactic surgery of the mesencephalic and protuberance lesion. The literature on the subject, the clinical case and the importance for the diagnosis and treatment of stereotactic biopsy in brain stem lesions are presented. Clinical case: In this report of a clinical case is exposed a male patient, 51 years old, with no history of importance, with left progressive brachio-crural hemiparesia, disorders in swallowing and dysarthria. Magnetic resonance imaging is requested, evidencing a lesion in the brain stem, considering for diagnosis and treatment the performance of a stereotactic biopsy which histopathological diagnosis was Neurocysticercosis, specific pharmacological treatment for this pathology is subsequently implemented. Conclusion: Neurocysticercosis is a pathology with higher incidence in developing countries, however, its presentation in brain stem is rare. This report is directed to consider this pathology as a differential diagnosis of brain stem space occupant injury. Stereotactic surgery is the first-line surgical technique, par excellence minimally invasive, ideal for complex lesions in hard-to-reach areas such as the brain stem. Keywords: Neurocysticercosis, Brain Stem, Neurosurgery, Taenia Solium. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de octubre de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 04 de enero de 2023.Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2023. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2023-01-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/79 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 2-12 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 2-12 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/79/140 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/79/141 Derechos de autor 2023 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/79 2023-03-16T05:22:10Z gestar:ART

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/80 2023-03-16T20:48:28Z gestar:ART

DENGUE: CURRENT EVENTS, CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PREVENTION Dengue: actualidades, características clínicas epidemiológicas y prevención Silverio-Calderón, Carmen Aedes aegypti vector, dengue, factores de riesgo, prevención Aedes aegypti vector, dengue, risk factors, prevention Dengue is an infectious disease caused by one of the four serotypes of the analogous virus, which is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes of the Aedes genus. A literature review study was carried out in order to present an update on the disease and demonstrate the need to carry out community actions for dengue control and prevention between 2008 and 2022. Elements such as etiology, phases of dengue alarm signs, risk factors, treatment and preventive measures were studied. It is concluded that dengue is a disease that can only be eliminated with the participation of the whole society and the different governments. The absence of epidemiological work reduces the perception of risk that the population should have about this disease. Keywords: Aedes aegypti vector, dengue, risk factors, prevention. El dengue es una enfermedad infecciosa ocasionada por alguno de los cuatro serotipos del virus análogo, que se transmite a los humanos a través de la picadura de mosquitos infectados del género Aedes. Se realizó un estudio de tipo revisión bibliográficas con la finalidad de exponer una actualización de la enfermedad y demostrar la necesidad de realizar acciones comunitarias para control del dengue y su prevención entre los años 2008 hasta el 2022. Se estudiaron elementos como: etiología, fases de signos de alarma del dengue, factores de riesgo, tratamiento y medidas preventivas. Se concluye que el dengue es una enfermedad que sólo puede ser eliminada con la participación de toda la sociedad y de los diferentes gobiernos. La ausencia del trabajo epidemiológico disminuye la percepción de riesgo que debe tener la población sobre esta enfermedad. Palabras claves: Aedes aegypti vector, dengue, factores de riesgo, prevención. Abstract Dengue is an infectious disease caused by one of the four serotypes of the analogous virus, which is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes of the Aedes genus. A literature review study was carried out in order to present an update on the disease and demonstrate the need to carry out community actions for dengue control and prevention between 2008 and 2022. Elements such as etiology, phases of dengue alarm signs, risk factors, treatment and preventive measures were studied. It is concluded that dengue is a disease that can only be eliminated with the participation of the whole society and the different governments. The absence of epidemiological work reduces the perception of risk that the population should have about this disease. Keywords: Aedes aegypti vector, dengue, risk factors, prevention. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de enero de 2023.Fecha de aceptación: 14 de marzo de 2023.Fecha de publicación: 16 de marzo de 2023. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2023-03-16 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/80 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 No. 11 Ed. esp. (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial marzo 2023); 2-17 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 Ed. esp. (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial marzo 2023); 2-17 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/80/142 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/80/143 Derechos de autor 2023 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/81 2023-08-02T22:07:02Z gestar:ART

EFFECT OF COVID-19 ON THE LIFESTYLE OF LATIN AMERICANS: A BIBLIOGRAPHIC REVIEW Efecto de la COVID-19 en el estilo de vida de los latinoamericanos: una revisión bibliográfica Cerón-Chimarro, Doménica Eglee Alberca-Bonilla, Stephanie Susana Mejía-Arteaga, María Paula Ramos-Salazar, Lissette Paola COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, secuelas, salud mental, estilos de vida COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, squeal, mental health, lifestyles COVID-19 is an infectious disease that has caused significant rates of morbidity and mortality in the world population. As measures to contain the SARS-CoV-2 infection, the use of a mask and hand sanitization were recommended to the general population, in addition, as a policy of the States, mainly Latin American countries, imposed mandatory quarantine, decision that has produced a great impact on mental health, with behavioral changes. A bibliographic review was carried out with the objective of demonstrating through scientific data the current panorama on the effects on mental health, in the context of COVID-19, and its repercussion on the lifestyle of Latin Americans. An exploratory literature search was carried out in the PubMed, Scielo, Medline, Web of Science and Scopus databases, after applying the selection criteria, the analysis was carried out with 25 articles. Mandatory quarantine is identified as the main stressor, causing psychopathologies such as anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders, favoring addictive and violent behaviors. Mentioned psychological manifestations are associated with individual vulnerability, being detected more frequently in populations with low economic resources and the female gender. However, positive consequences are identified that were implemented as a measure to deal with the situation, including physical activity, healthy eating habits, emotional intelligence, resilience, empathy, and values of responsibility and self-care. It is concluded that there is evidence that demonstrates the psychosocial impact on the population, affecting their well-being. The implementation of a comprehensive intervention is recommended, directed with special attention to the most vulnerable groups of people. Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, squeal, mental health, lifestyles. La COVID-19 es una enfermedad infecciosa que ha causa importantes tasas de morbi-mortalidad en la población mundial. Como medidas para contener la infección por SARS-CoV-2, se recomendó a la población en general el uso de mascarilla y la higienización de las manos, además, como política de los Estados, principalmente, países latinoamericanos, impusieron la cuarentena obligatoria, decisión que ha producido gran impacto en la salud mental, con cambios de conducta. Se realizó una revisión de bibliográfica con el objetivo de evidenciar a través de datos científicos el panorama actual sobre los efectos sobre la salud mental, en contexto COVID-19, y su repercusión en el estilo de vida de los latinoamericanos. Se realizó una búsqueda exploratoria de literatura en las bases de datos PubMed, Scielo, Medline, Web of Science y Scopus, luego de aplicar los criterios de selección, se realiza el análisis con 25 artículos. Se identifica a la cuarentena obligatoria como el principal estresor, originando psicopatologías como la ansiedad, depresión, trastorno el sueño, favorece a conductas adictivas y violentas. Mencionadas manifestaciones psicológicas están asociada a la vulnerabilidad individual, detectándose con más frecuencia en poblaciones con bajo recursos económicos y el género femenino. Sin embargo, se identifica consecuencias positivas que se implementaron como medida para lidiar con la situación, entre ellos actividad física, hábitos alimenticios saludables, inteligencia emocional, resiliencia, empatía y valores de responsabilidad y autocuidado. Se concluye, que existe evidencia que demuestra el impacto psicosocial sobre la población afectando su bienestar. Se recomienda la implementación de intervención integral, dirigida con especial atención a los grupos de personas con mayor vulnerabilidad. Palabras claves: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, secuelas, salud mental, estilos de vida. Abstract COVID-19 is an infectious disease that has caused significant rates of morbidity and mortality in the world population. As measures to contain the SARS-CoV-2 infection, the use of a mask and hand sanitization were recommended to the general population, in addition, as a policy of the States, mainly Latin American countries, imposed mandatory quarantine, decision that has produced a great impact on mental health, with behavioral changes. A bibliographic review was carried out with the objective of demonstrating through scientific data the current panorama on the effects on mental health, in the context of COVID-19, and its repercussion on the lifestyle of Latin Americans. An exploratory literature search was carried out in the PubMed, Scielo, Medline, Web of Science and Scopus databases, after applying the selection criteria, the analysis was carried out with 25 articles. Mandatory quarantine is identified as the main stressor, causing psychopathologies such as anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders, favoring addictive and violent behaviors. Mentioned psychological manifestations are associated with individual vulnerability, being detected more frequently in populations with low economic resources and the female gender. However, positive consequences are identified that were implemented as a measure to deal with the situation, including physical activity, healthy eating habits, emotional intelligence, resilience, empathy, and values of responsibility and self-care. It is concluded that there is evidence that demonstrates the psychosocial impact on the population, affecting their well-being. The implementation of a comprehensive intervention is recommended, directed with special attention to the most vulnerable groups of people. Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, squeal, mental health, lifestyles. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de octubre de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 04 de enero de 2023.Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2023. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2023-01-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/81 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 13-32 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 13-32 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/81/144 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/81/145 Derechos de autor 2023 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/82 2023-08-02T22:07:02Z gestar:ART

CARE OF PATIENTS ADMITTED TO INTENSIVE CARE DUE TO POST-SURGICAL COMPLICATIONS Atención de pacientes ingresados a terapia intensiva por complicaciones postquirúrgicas Alvarado-Mattos, José Luis Gallardo-León, Jefferson Franklin Piguave-Cuesta, José Felix Guevara-Giler, Stacey Orquidea paciente, terapia intensiva, cuidados, medicina, calidad de vida patient, intensive therapy, care, medicine, quality of life Any surgical process to which patients admitted to clinical centers undergo different risks and possible complications, this will depend on various intervening factors such as the general health of the patient, the evolution of their condition, age, among others. Based on this, the article was based on analyzing the care of patients admitted to intensive care due to post-surgical complications, through a documentary-type methodology with bibliographic design. The intensive care area is one of the spaces in the hospital world, which is of great importance in medicine and provides the patient with care 24 hours a day because constant monitoring of their vital signs is necessary, since their permanence will depend first on the severity of the patient, the care of patients as well as their ability to recover. Finally, it is mentioned that there is a great variety of post-surgical complications that affect the quality of life of patients, causing them to be transferred to intensive care, to achieve their stabilization in a certain period of time, or to grant a better quality of life. until it is convenient to disconnect the breathing equipment if necessary and that it is necessary to have a nursing team and trained specialists within the intensive care area so that the care provided to each patient is an experience that does not leave emotional sequelae and physical in this type of patients. Keywords: patient, intensive therapy, care, medicine, quality of life. Cualquier proceso quirúrgico al cual se someten los pacientes que ingresan a centros clínicos poseen diferentes riesgos y posibles complicaciones, esto dependerá de diversos factores intervinientes como la salud general del paciente, le evolución de su condición, la edad entre otros. Con base en esto, el artículo se basó en analizar la atención de los pacientes ingresados a terapia intensiva por complicaciones postquirúrgicas, a través de una metodología de tipo documental con diseño bibliográfico. El área de terapia intensiva es uno de los espacios en el mundo hospitalario, que es de gran importancia en la medicina y le brinda al paciente cuidados las 24 horas del día debido a que es necesario un monitoreo constante de sus signos vitales, ya que su permanencia dependerá primero de la gravedad del paciente, el cuidado de los pacientes asi como su capacidad de recuperación. Finalmente se menciona que existe una gran variedad de complicaciones postquirúrgicas que afectan la calidad de vida de los pacientes, provocando que estos deban ser trasladados a terapia intensiva, para lograr su estabilización en un determinado lapso de tiempo, o para otorgar una mejor calidad de vida hasta que sea conveniente la desconexión a los equipos de respiración en caso de ser necesario y que es necesario poseer un equipo de enfermería y especialistas capacitados dentro del área de terapia intensiva de manera que las atenciones brindadas a cada paciente sean experiencias que no dejen secuelas emocionales y físicas en este tipo de pacientes. Palabras claves: paciente, terapia intensiva, cuidados, medicina, calidad de vida. Abstract Any surgical process to which patients admitted to clinical centers undergo different risks and possible complications, this will depend on various intervening factors such as the general health of the patient, the evolution of their condition, age, among others. Based on this, the article was based on analyzing the care of patients admitted to intensive care due to post-surgical complications, through a documentary-type methodology with bibliographic design. The intensive care area is one of the spaces in the hospital world, which is of great importance in medicine and provides the patient with care 24 hours a day because constant monitoring of their vital signs is necessary, since their permanence will depend first on the severity of the patient, the care of patients as well as their ability to recover. Finally, it is mentioned that there is a great variety of post-surgical complications that affect the quality of life of patients, causing them to be transferred to intensive care, to achieve their stabilization in a certain period of time, or to grant a better quality of life. until it is convenient to disconnect the breathing equipment if necessary and that it is necessary to have a nursing team and trained specialists within the intensive care area so that the care provided to each patient is an experience that does not leave emotional sequelae and physical in this type of patients. Keywords: patient, intensive therapy, care, medicine, quality of life. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de octubre de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 04 de enero de 2023.Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2023. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2023-01-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/82 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 33-43 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 33-43 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/82/146 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/82/147 Derechos de autor 2023 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/83 2023-06-16T21:39:13Z gestar:ART

DIAGNOSIS OF CERVICAL CANCER: COMPARISON OF THE CONVENTIONAL AND LIQUID-BASED CYTOLOGY TECHNIQUE Diagnóstico de cáncer cervicouterino: Comparación de la técnica de citología convencional y de base liquida Alvarado-Álvarez, Alexandra María Salvador-Fernández, Carlos Luis Berruz-Alvarado, Steven Javier Cañar-Lascano, Geovanny German Citologia convencional, citologia en base líquida, cáncer cervicouterino, tamizaje Conventional cytology, liquid-based cytology, cervical cancer, screening Introduction. Gynecological cytology is considered the main screening test that allows identifying lesions at the level of the cervix. Objective. To compare the techniques of conventional cytology and liquid-based cytology as methods of detection and diagnosis of cervical cancer. Methodology. The design is bibliographic through a review of both primary and secondary scientific sources dedicated to the field of health, in terms of inclusion and exclusion criteria, all research carried out by various societies and associations of the related branch of medicine was considered. with conventional cytology and liquid-based cytology during the last five (5) years. 14 documents that met the inclusion criteria were selected. Results. Cervical cancer in Latin America has a great impact, and it is that, despite the implementation of conventional cytology for a long time, it is still a worrisome aspect in the health of women, with greater emphasis on those who live in less developed countries. This pathology represents a great burden in the world, occupying one of the first places in terms of its incidence and mortality. Conclution. It is concluded that conventional cytology is the most widely used because it is low cost in terms of its materials and its diagnostic process, and it is used above all in public health centers and in less developed countries, which together with other complementary studies give a good diagnosis. However, it can generate false negatives or positives. On the other hand, liquid-based cytology requires more specialized materials and more prepared personnel so that sample collections are adequate, and despite being used in various countries, it has not yet been able to demonstrate the greatest advantages it has over conventional cytology. Keywords: Conventional cytology, liquid-based cytology, cervical cancer, screening. Introducción. La citología ginecológica es considerada la principal prueba de tamizaje que permite identificar lesiones a nivel del cérvix. Objetivo. Comparar las técnicas de la citología convencional y la citología de base líquida como métodos de detección y diagnóstico del cáncer cervicouterino. Metodología. El diseño es bibliográfico a través de una revisión de fuentes científicas tanto primarias como secundarias dedicadas al campo de la salud, en cuanto a los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se consideró toda investigación realizada por diversas sociedades y asociaciones de la rama de la medicina relacionados con citología convencional y citología en base líquida durante los últimos cinco (5) años. Se seleccionaron 14 documentos que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión. Resultados. El cáncer de cérvix en Latinoamérica presenta un gran impacto, y es que, a pesar de la implementación de la citología convencional desde hace mucho tiempo, aún sigue siendo un aspecto preocupante en la salud de las mujeres, con mayor énfasis en aquellas que viven en países menos desarrollados. Esta patología representa una gran carga en el mundo ocupando uno de los primeros lugares en cuanto a su incidencia y su mortalidad. Conclusión. Se concluye que la citología convencional es la más utilizada por ser de bajo costo en cuanto a sus materiales y su proceso diagnóstico, y se utiliza sobre todo en los centros de salud pública y en los países menos desarrollados, que conjuntamente con otros estudios complementarios dan un buen diagnóstico. Sin embargo, puede generar falsos negativos o positivos. Por otra parte, la citología en base líquida requiere de materiales más especializados y personal más preparado para que las tomas de muestra sean adecuadas, y a pesar de ser utilizada en diversos países aún no ha podido demostrar las mayores ventajas que posee frente a la citología convencional. Palabras claves: Citologia convencional, citologia en base líquida, cáncer cervicouterino, tamizaje. Abstract Introduction. Gynecological cytology is considered the main screening test that allows identifying lesions at the level of the cervix. Objective. To compare the techniques of conventional cytology and liquid-based cytology as methods of detection and diagnosis of cervical cancer. Methodology. The design is bibliographic through a review of both primary and secondary scientific sources dedicated to the field of health, in terms of inclusion and exclusion criteria, all research carried out by various societies and associations of the related branch of medicine was considered. with conventional cytology and liquid-based cytology during the last five (5) years. 14 documents that met the inclusion criteria were selected. Results. Cervical cancer in Latin America has a great impact, and it is that, despite the implementation of conventional cytology for a long time, it is still a worrisome aspect in the health of women, with greater emphasis on those who live in less developed countries. This pathology represents a great burden in the world, occupying one of the first places in terms of its incidence and mortality. Conclution. It is concluded that conventional cytology is the most widely used because it is low cost in terms of its materials and its diagnostic process, and it is used above all in public health centers and in less developed countries, which together with other complementary studies give a good diagnosis. However, it can generate false negatives or positives. On the other hand, liquid-based cytology requires more specialized materials and more prepared personnel so that sample collections are adequate, and despite being used in various countries, it has not yet been able to demonstrate the greatest advantages it has over conventional cytology. Keywords: Conventional cytology, liquid-based cytology, cervical cancer, screening. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de enero de 2023.Fecha de aceptación: 20 de febrero de 2023.Fecha de publicación: 16 de marzo de 2023. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2023-03-16 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/83 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 No. 11 Ed. esp. (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial marzo 2023); 18-33 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 Ed. esp. (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial marzo 2023); 18-33 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/83/148 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/83/149 Derechos de autor 2023 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/84 2023-06-16T22:10:24Z gestar:ART

INTENSIVE CARE: CARE OF PATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH SEVERE ACUTE PANCREATITIS Terapia intensiva: Atención de pacientes con diagnóstico de pancreatitis aguda severa Alvarado-Mattos, José Luis Sper-Sempértegui, Alberto Valero-Peñafiel, Pablo Sebastián Cañar-Lascano, Geovanny German Páncreas, pancreatitis aguda severa, terapia intensiva Pancreas, severe acute pancreatitis, intensive therapy The pancreas fulfills an important function within the digestive system, so it is not exempt from being able to suffer complications that alter its normal functioning. Among the complications is acute pancreatitis, which is caused by multiple factors including diabetes, obesity, excessive alcohol consumption, tobacco, among others. There are parameters that serve to classify the severity of temper, among which are APACHE II, Ranson, Atlanta International Consensus 2012, Balthazar, etc. Therefore, the present investigation aims to analyze the care of patients with acute pancreatitis evera treated in intensive care. The methodology used was based on a bibliographic design with documentary research. The results are based on the analysis of the characteristics of the pancreas, determination of severe acute pancreatitis and patients in intensive care due to complications of severe acute pancreatitis. In conclusion, the complications that allow patients with severe acute pancreatitis to be admitted to the ICU are due to surgery performed, so surgical treatment is recommended only when there is pancreatic necrosis, complications with internal effusion, or perforations; therefore, care within the ICU must be guided by a multidisciplinary team with knowledge in the area and efficient management of technological equipment. Keywords: Pancreas, severe acute pancreatitis, intensive therapy. El páncreas cumple una función importante dentro del aparato digestivo, por lo que no está exento de poder sufrir complicaciones que alteren su normal funcionamiento. Dentro de las complicaciones se encuentra la pancreatitis aguda, la cual es causada por múltiples factores que incluyen diabetes, obesidad, consumo excesivo de alcohol, tabaco, entre otros. Existen parámetros que sirven para clasificar la severidad de temple, entre los cuales se encuentra APACHE II, Ranson, Consenso Internacional de Atlanta 2012, Balthazar, etc. Por lo cual, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la atención de los pacientes con pancreatitis aguda evera atendidos en terapia intensiva. La metodología utilizada se basó en un diseño bibliográfico con una investigación de tipo documental. Los resultados están basados en el análisis de las características del páncreas, determinación de la pancreatitis aguda severa y pacientes en terapia intensiva producto de complicciones de la pancreatitis aguda severa. Como conclusión, las complicaciones que permiten el ingreso a la UCI a los pacientes con pancreatitis aguda severa son debida a cirugía realizadas, por lo que se recomienda tratamiento quirúrgico solo cuando existe necrosis pancreática, complicaciones con derrame interno, o perforaciones; por lo tanto, los cuidados dentro de la UCI deben ser guiados por un equipo multidisciplinario con conocimientos en el área y manejo eficiente de los equipos tecnológicos. Palabras claves: Páncreas, pancreatitis aguda severa, terapia intensiva. Abstract The pancreas fulfills an important function within the digestive system, so it is not exempt from being able to suffer complications that alter its normal functioning. Among the complications is acute pancreatitis, which is caused by multiple factors including diabetes, obesity, excessive alcohol consumption, tobacco, among others. There are parameters that serve to classify the severity of temper, among which are APACHE II, Ranson, Atlanta International Consensus 2012, Balthazar, etc. Therefore, the present investigation aims to analyze the care of patients with acute pancreatitis evera treated in intensive care. The methodology used was based on a bibliographic design with documentary research. The results are based on the analysis of the characteristics of the pancreas, determination of severe acute pancreatitis and patients in intensive care due to complications of severe acute pancreatitis. In conclusion, the complications that allow patients with severe acute pancreatitis to be admitted to the ICU are due to surgery performed, so surgical treatment is recommended only when there is pancreatic necrosis, complications with internal effusion, or perforations; therefore, care within the ICU must be guided by a multidisciplinary team with knowledge in the area and efficient management of technological equipment. Keywords: Pancreas, severe acute pancreatitis, intensive therapy. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de enero de 2023.Fecha de aceptación: 20 de febrero de 2023.Fecha de publicación: 16 de marzo de 2023. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2023-03-16 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/84 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 No. 11 Ed. esp. (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial marzo 2023); 34-47 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 Ed. esp. (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial marzo 2023); 34-47 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/84/150 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/84/151 Derechos de autor 2023 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/85 2023-08-02T22:07:02Z gestar:ART

IDEOLOGICAL SELECTIVITY MOTIVATED BY THE DIGITIZATION OF COMMUNICATION MODELS: A PSYCHOPOLITICAL APPROACH Selectividad ideológica motivada por la digitalización de los modelos de comunicación: Un enfoque desde lo psicopolítico Bravo-Zambrano, Stefany Nicole Cedeño-Cedeño, Hernán Andrés Ideología política, psicopolítico, comunicación, sociedad, digitalización Political ideology, psychopolitical, communication, society, digitalization Changes in communication models in a certain way exert power or influence the decisions, thoughts and actions that people develop in a given situation, thus there is an ideological selectivity motivated by the way in which a news or communiqué is transmitted and that creates a perception and decision on any social or political situation. In this sense, the objective of this research is to analyze the ideological selectivity motivated by the digitalization of communication models. The methodology applied is qualitative and non-experimental design, based on a documentary review of scientific articles, books, these and other publications related to the subject. The main results obtained detail the ideological profiles identified in the citizens of countries such as Argentina and Ecuador according to the results of previous research, observing that there is a greater inclination for the political ideology of the center and left, and, in relation to the media used to consume political information, television and social networks predominate, the same that have inherence in the ideological identity of individuals. Keywords: Political ideology, psychopolitical, communication, society, digitalization. Los cambios en los modelos de comunicación en cierta forma ejercen poder o influyen sobre las decisiones, pensamientos y acciones que desarrollan las personas ante determinada situación, existiendo así una selectividad ideológica motivada por la manera en que se transmite una noticia o comunicado y que crea una percepción y decisión sobre cualquier situación de tipo social o político. En este sentido, el objetivo de la presente investigación consiste en analizar la selectividad ideológica motivada por la digitalización de los modelos de comunicación. La metodología aplicada es de tipo cualitativa y de diseño no experimental, basada en una revisión documental de artículos científicos, libros, tesis y demás publicaciones relacionadas con la temática. Los principales resultados obtenidos, detallan los perfiles ideológicos identificados en los ciudadanos de países como Argentina y Ecuador según los resultados de investigaciones previas, observándose que existe mayor inclinación por la ideología política de centro e izquierda, y, en relación a los medios empleados para consumir información política predominan la televisión y las redes sociales, las misma que tienen inherencia en la identidad ideológica de los individuos. Palabras claves: Ideología política, psicopolítico, comunicación, sociedad, digitalización. Abstract Changes in communication models in a certain way exert power or influence the decisions, thoughts and actions that people develop in a given situation, thus there is an ideological selectivity motivated by the way in which a news or communiqué is transmitted and that creates a perception and decision on any social or political situation. In this sense, the objective of this research is to analyze the ideological selectivity motivated by the digitalization of communication models. The methodology applied is qualitative and non-experimental design, based on a documentary review of scientific articles, books, these and other publications related to the subject. The main results obtained detail the ideological profiles identified in the citizens of countries such as Argentina and Ecuador according to the results of previous research, observing that there is a greater inclination for the political ideology of the center and left, and, in relation to the media used to consume political information, television and social networks predominate, the same that have inherence in the ideological identity of individuals. Keywords: Political ideology, psychopolitical, communication, society, digitalization. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de octubre de 2022.Fecha de aceptación: 04 de enero de 2023.Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2023. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2023-01-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/85 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 No. 11 (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 44-59 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 Núm. 11 (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 44-59 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/85/152 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/85/153 Derechos de autor 2023 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/86 2024-01-28T21:41:05Z gestar:ART

PUBLIC HEALTH IN ECUADOR AS A FACTOR OF SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT: A LITERATURE REVIEW Salud pública en Ecuador como factor de desarrollo social: una revisión bibliográfica López-Pino, María José Salud pública, Ecuador, Desarrollo social, Sociedad equitativa y justa, Revisión bibliográfica Public health, Ecuador, Social development, Equitable and just society, Literature review Health professionals need to study in depth what is meant by health in order to offer knowledge that benefits society, in this case Public Health in Ecuador as a factor of social development. There is a need to implement another paradigm in public health with the participation and representation of citizens with their different types of organization for the construction of a more equitable and just society, contextualizing with the economic, political and social scenario. The methodology corresponds to a bibliographic review using various databases such as PubMed, Scielo, Dialnet, Web of Science, Google Scholar, selection criteria of years of publication (2017-2023) were applied, the analysis was carried out with 26 articles, identifying the indicators of each publication: Functioning, evolution, progress and challenges of the Ecuadorian health system; Public Health and Social Development; Public policies in the health sector; Universal Coverage in Ecuador; Leadership, social determinants of health and equity; Health crisis in health, economy and social development; Public investment in the health system and public health and social security in Ecuador. It is concluded that it is desirable in the medium term to have universal and quality access to health services, to eliminate inequities of any kind, to think about an ethics of science and life as well as sustainable social development. Keywords: Public health, Ecuador, Social development, Equitable and just society, Literature review. Los profesionales en salud necesitan estudiar en profundidad lo que se entiende por salud a fin de ofrecer conocimiento que beneficie a la sociedad, en este caso la Salud Pública en Ecuador como factor de desarrollo social. Existe la necesidad de implementar otro paradigma en salud pública con la participación y representación de la ciudadanía con sus diferentes tipos de organización para la construcción de una sociedad más equitativa y justa, contextualizando con el escenario económico, político y social. La metodología corresponde a una revisión bibliográfica utilizando diversas bases de datos como PubMed, Scielo, Dialnet, Web of Science, Google Scholar, se aplicaron criterios de selección de años de publicación (2017-2023), el análisis se  realizó con 26 artículos, identificando los indicadores de cada publicación: Funcionamiento, evolución, avances y desafíos del sistema de salud ecuatoriano; Salud pública y Desarrollo social; Políticas públicas en el sector salud; Cobertura Universal en el Ecuador; Liderazgo, determinantes sociales de la salud y equidad; Crisis sanitaria  en la salud, la economía y el desarrollo social; Inversión pública en el sistema de salud y Salud pública y la seguridad social en Ecuador. Se concluye que es deseable en el mediano plazo se tenga acceso universal y de calidad a servicios de salud, a eliminar las inequidades de cualquier índole, a pensar en una ética de las ciencias y de la vida, así como a un desarrollo social sostenible. Palabras claves: Salud pública, Ecuador, Desarrollo social, Sociedad equitativa y justa, Revisión bibliográfica. Abstract Health professionals need to study in depth what is meant by health in order to offer knowledge that benefits society, in this case Public Health in Ecuador as a factor of social development. There is a need to implement another paradigm in public health with the participation and representation of citizens with their different types of organization for the construction of a more equitable and just society, contextualizing with the economic, political and social scenario. The methodology corresponds to a bibliographic review using various databases such as PubMed, Scielo, Dialnet, Web of Science, Google Scholar, selection criteria of years of publication (2017-2023) were applied, the analysis was carried out with 26 articles, identifying the indicators of each publication: Functioning, evolution, progress and challenges of the Ecuadorian health system; Public Health and Social Development; Public policies in the health sector; Universal Coverage in Ecuador; Leadership, social determinants of health and equity; Health crisis in health, economy and social development; Public investment in the health system and public health and social security in Ecuador. It is concluded that it is desirable in the medium term to have universal and quality access to health services, to eliminate inequities of any kind, to think about an ethics of science and life as well as sustainable social development. Keywords: Public health, Ecuador, Social development, Equitable and just society, Literature review. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 11 de abril de 2023.Fecha de aceptación: 29 de junio de 2023.Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2023. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2023-07-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/86 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 No. 12 (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 2-32 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 Núm. 12 (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 2-32 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/86/154 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/86/155 Derechos de autor 2023 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/87 2024-01-28T21:41:05Z gestar:ART

ADVANCES IN MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN BRAIN TUMORS Avances en Resonancia Magnética en Tumores Cerebrales Sánchez-Cedeño, Jorge Luis Vásquez-Falconí, Joselyn Angélica Piguave-Cuesta, José Félix Gualdo-Ochoa, Vanessa Monserrate resonancia, magnética, tumor, imágenes, espectroscopia, molécula resonance, magnetic, tumor, images, spectroscopy, molecule Space-occupying lesions in the central nervous system (CNS) constitute a major health problem and represent a challenge within the imaging field. Imaging methodology has a major role in the management of brain tumors. The modality that has been mostly used for this type of diagnosis is Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MR), to determine the severity of the lesions in these delicate areas. Currently, MRI is performed as a preoperative procedure, and when the patient is on the ward after surgery, the procedure is repeated to verify that the brain tumor has been removed. If after that, it is verified that said procedure has not been carried out, the operation is repeated but with the intraoperative resonance, in order to verify that while the operation is being carried out, the objective of the surgery has been reached and to rule out the presence of complications during this procedure. Among the challenges that are built when evaluating the diagnoses in this type of lesions, is to differentiate those intra-axial lesions of a non-invasive nature, in such a way that it can be planned postoperatively. When integrating the anatomical information provided by traditional MRI together with advanced techniques, it contributes to offering accurate and optimal information. Among these advanced techniques within MRI are perfusion imaging (PW-MRI), diffusion imaging (DW-MRI) and MR spectroscopy (MRS), among others. The objective of this study is to describe the advances in magnetic resonance imaging in the CNS areas, which has made it possible to show greater benefits for both surgeons and patients. For this purpose, a bibliographic documentary research will be carried out in the databases of scientific journals of the last ten years, with the purpose of describing the respective findings in this medical area. Keywords: resonance, magnetic, tumor, images, spectroscopy, molecule. Las lesiones que ocupan el espacio en el sistema nervioso central (SNC) constituyen un importante problema de salud y representan un desafío dentro del campo imagenológico. La metodología de imagen tiene un papel principal en lo que respecta al manejo de los tumores cerebrales. La modalidad que mayormente se ha utilizado para este tipo de diagnósticos es la Resonancia Magnética (RM), para determinar la gravedad de las lesiones en estas zonas delicadas. En la actualidad, la resonancia se realiza como un procedimiento previo a la operación, y cuando el paciente se encuentra en planta después de una intervención quirúrgica, se repite el procedimiento para la comprobación de que el tumor cerebral ha sido extirpado. Si después de aquello, se verifica que no se ha realizado dicho procedimiento, se repite la operación pero con la resonancia intraoperatoria, con el objeto de comprobar que mientras se ejecute la operación, se ha llegado al objetivo de la cirugía y descartar la presencia de complicaciones durante dicho procedimiento. Dentro de los retos que se construyen al evaluar los diagnósticos en este tipo de lesiones, está diferenciar aquellas lesiones intra – axiales de carácter no invasivo, de tal manera que se pueda planificar de forma postoperatoria. Al momento de integrar la información anatómica que suministra la RM tradicional juntamente con las técnicas avanzadas, se contribuye a ofrecer una información certera y óptima. Entre dichas técnicas avanzadas dentro de la RM están las imágenes en perfusión (PW-MRI), difusión (DW-MRI) y la espectroscopia por RM (MRS), entre otros. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo describir los avances en resonancia magnética en las zonas del SNC, lo cual ha permitido mostrar mayores beneficios tanto para cirujanos como pacientes. Para el efecto, se realizará una investigación bibliográfica de tipo documental en las bases de datos de revistas científicas de los últimos diez años, con el propósito de describir los respectivos hallazgos en esta área médica. Palabras claves: resonancia, magnética, tumor, imágenes, espectroscopia, molécula. Abstract Space-occupying lesions in the central nervous system (CNS) constitute a major health problem and represent a challenge within the imaging field. Imaging methodology has a major role in the management of brain tumors. The modality that has been mostly used for this type of diagnosis is Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MR), to determine the severity of the lesions in these delicate areas. Currently, MRI is performed as a preoperative procedure, and when the patient is on the ward after surgery, the procedure is repeated to verify that the brain tumor has been removed. If after that, it is verified that said procedure has not been carried out, the operation is repeated but with the intraoperative resonance, in order to verify that while the operation is being carried out, the objective of the surgery has been reached and to rule out the presence of complications during this procedure. Among the challenges that are built when evaluating the diagnoses in this type of lesions, is to differentiate those intra-axial lesions of a non-invasive nature, in such a way that it can be planned postoperatively. When integrating the anatomical information provided by traditional MRI together with advanced techniques, it contributes to offering accurate and optimal information. Among these advanced techniques within MRI are perfusion imaging (PW-MRI), diffusion imaging (DW-MRI) and MR spectroscopy (MRS), among others. The objective of this study is to describe the advances in magnetic resonance imaging in the CNS areas, which has made it possible to show greater benefits for both surgeons and patients. For this purpose, a bibliographic documentary research will be carried out in the databases of scientific journals of the last ten years, with the purpose of describing the respective findings in this medical area. Keywords: resonance, magnetic, tumor, images, spectroscopy, molecule. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 11 de abril de 2023.Fecha de aceptación: 29 de junio de 2023.Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2023. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2023-07-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/87 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 No. 12 (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 33-47 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 Núm. 12 (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 33-47 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/87/156 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/87/157 Derechos de autor 2023 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/88 2024-01-28T21:41:05Z gestar:ART

THE TRIGENIUM NERVE FROM A FUNCTIONAL ANATOMICAL PERSPECTIVE El nervio trigénimo desde una perspectiva anatómica funcional Sánchez-Cedeño, Jorge Luis Suarez-González, Erik Steven Jiménez Sánchez, Ángel Daniel Ramos-Salazar, Lissette Paola nervio, trigémino, pares, encéfalo, sensitiva nerve, trigeminal, pairs, brain, sensory Neurulation is the process in which the nervous tube is formed, which begins from the third week with the thickening of the medial area of the ectoderm of the embryonic disc, whose area is in front of the primitive fossa. Said thickening, being of an ectodermal nature, constitutes the neutral lamina, the same one that is directed towards a collapse towards the embryo, which forms a neutral groove to limit laterally in the neutral folds. As time passes, the furrow deepens and the folds become shorter between them, until a fusion is achieved that gradually takes the form of a nerve tube. The set of twelve pairs of nerves found in the skull have a number that goes from I to XII, from the front to the back, according to their connection with the brain. Of all the pairs that make up the cranial nerves, the trigeminal nerve stands out, which occupies position V and is the largest, whose content is made up of both motor and sensory fibers, being the sensory nerve that has the greatest proportion in the head, and the motor nerve of some muscles, among which are those of mastication. Due to the importance of this nerve, the present study aims to analyze the trigeminal nerve from a functional anatomical perspective, in order to know the most important aspects of said nerve, from a detailed description that goes from the origin, functions, components and other aspects that are oriented to the comprehension and understanding of the functionality of said body. Keywords: nerve, trigeminal, pairs, brain, sensory. La neurulación es el proceso en el cual se forma el tubo nervioso, el cual se inicia desde la tercera semana con el engroso de la zona medial del ectodermo del disco embrionario, cuya zona se encuentra delante de la fosita primitiva. Dicho engrosamiento al ser de carácter ectodérmico, constituye la lámina neutral, la misma que se dirige a un hundimiento hacia el embrión, el cual forma un surco neutral para limitar de manera lateral en los pliegues neutrales. A medida que el tiempo transcurre, el surco toma una mayor profundidad y los pliegues acortan distancias entre sí, hasta lograr una fusión que va tomando la forma de tubo nervioso. El conjunto de los doce pares de nervios que se encuentran en el cráneo, tiene una numeración que va del I al XII, desde la cara anterior a la posterior, de acuerdo a su vinculación con el encéfalo.  De todos los pares que conforman los nervios craneales, destaca el nervio trigémino, el cual ocupa la posición V y es el de mayor tamaño, cuyo contenido está compuesto por fibras tanto motoras como sensitivas, siendo el nervio sensitivo que tiene mayor proporción en la cabeza, y el nervio motor de algunos músculos, entre los cuales están los de masticación. Debido a la importancia de este nervio, el presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar el nervio trigémino desde una perspectiva anatómica funcional, con el fin de conocer los aspectos más importantes de dicho nervio, desde una descripción detallada que va desde el origen, funciones, componentes y demás aspectos que estén orientados a la comprensión y entendimiento de la funcionalidad de dicho órgano. Palabras claves: nervio, trigémino, pares, encéfalo, sensitiva. Abstract Neurulation is the process in which the nervous tube is formed, which begins from the third week with the thickening of the medial area of the ectoderm of the embryonic disc, whose area is in front of the primitive fossa. Said thickening, being of an ectodermal nature, constitutes the neutral lamina, the same one that is directed towards a collapse towards the embryo, which forms a neutral groove to limit laterally in the neutral folds. As time passes, the furrow deepens and the folds become shorter between them, until a fusion is achieved that gradually takes the form of a nerve tube. The set of twelve pairs of nerves found in the skull have a number that goes from I to XII, from the front to the back, according to their connection with the brain. Of all the pairs that make up the cranial nerves, the trigeminal nerve stands out, which occupies position V and is the largest, whose content is made up of both motor and sensory fibers, being the sensory nerve that has the greatest proportion in the head, and the motor nerve of some muscles, among which are those of mastication. Due to the importance of this nerve, the present study aims to analyze the trigeminal nerve from a functional anatomical perspective, in order to know the most important aspects of said nerve, from a detailed description that goes from the origin, functions, components and other aspects that are oriented to the comprehension and understanding of the functionality of said body. Keywords: nerve, trigeminal, pairs, brain, sensory. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 11 de abril de 2023.Fecha de aceptación: 29 de junio de 2023.Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2023. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2023-07-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/88 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 No. 12 (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 48-62 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 Núm. 12 (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 48-62 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/88/158 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/88/159 Derechos de autor 2023 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/89 2024-01-28T21:41:05Z gestar:ART

HYDROXYCINNAMIC COSMIATRIC ACIDS FOR THE TREATMENT OF MELASMA DUE TO HYPERTHYROIDISM. CLINICAL CASE Ácidos Cosmiátricos Hidroxicinámicos Fenoácidos para tratamiento de melasma por hipertiroidismo. Caso Clínico Intriago-Mero, Aida Magdalena Intriago-Mero, Sara Cecibel Melasma, ácido cosmiátrico, peeling, hipertiroidismo, régimen dietético, tratamiento tópico Melasma, cosmiatric acids, peeling, hyperthyroidism, dietary regimen, topical treatment Objective. To describe the benefit of cosmiatrics hidroxycinnamic acids of third generation in the treatment of melasma due to hyperthyroidism. Clinical case. A4-2-year-old female who attends the dermatocosmiaric consultation for acute facial skin pigmentation type mask. The case was addressed with home treatment with diet and topical solutions in a protocol that included skin hydrations, peeling withidroxycinnamic acids and depigmentations with these active ingredients. Therapeutic approach. Melasma is multifactorial and affects women to a greater degree. In the case described, aggravated by hyperthyroidism and excess accumulated stress. The therapeutic approaches applied in the patient were followed for 8 months at the end of which visible beneficial results were obtained from the fourth session. One session was performed per week, first moisturizing the skin for 2 months, then a scaly peeling was performed with ferulic acid, rest at home for 30 days, then we continued with many hydrations and depigmentations until the proposed period was met. Keywords: Melasma, cosmiatric acids, peeling, hyperthyroidism, dietary regimen, topical treatment. Objetivo. Describir el beneficio de los ácidos cosmiátricos hidroxicinámicos fenoácidos en el tratamiento del melasma por hipertiroidismo. Caso clínico. Femenina de 42 años que acude a la consulta dermatocosmiátrica por pigmentación cutánea facial aguda tipo máscara. Se abordó el caso con tratamiento domicliario con dieta y soluciones tópicas en un protocolo que incluyó hidrataciones cutáneas, peeling con ácidos hidroxicinámicos y despigmentaciones con estos principios activos. Abordaje terapéutico. El melasma es multifactorial y afecta en mayor grado a la mujer. En el caso descrito, agravado por por el hipertiroidismo y exceso de estrés acumulado. Los abordajes terapéuticos aplicados en la paciente fueron seguidos durante 8 meses al término de los cuales se obtuvo resultados beneficiosos visibles desde la cuarta sesión. Se realizó una sesión por semana, primero hidratando la piel durante 2 meses, luego se realizó un peeling descamativo con ácido ferúlico, reposo en casa durante 30 días, luego continuamos con muchas hidrataciones y despigmentaciones hasta cumplir el período propuesto. Palabras claves: Melasma, ácido cosmiátrico, peeling, hipertiroidismo, régimen dietético, tratamiento tópico. Abstract Objective. To describe the benefit of cosmiatrics hidroxycinnamic acids of third generation in the treatment of melasma due to hyperthyroidism. Clinical case. A4-2-year-old female who attends the dermatocosmiaric consultation for acute facial skin pigmentation type mask. The case was addressed with home treatment with diet and topical solutions in a protocol that included skin hydrations, peeling withidroxycinnamic acids and depigmentations with these active ingredients. Therapeutic approach. Melasma is multifactorial and affects women to a greater degree. In the case described, aggravated by hyperthyroidism and excess accumulated stress. The therapeutic approaches applied in the patient were followed for 8 months at the end of which visible beneficial results were obtained from the fourth session. One session was performed per week, first moisturizing the skin for 2 months, then a scaly peeling was performed with ferulic acid, rest at home for 30 days, then we continued with many hydrations and depigmentations until the proposed period was met. Keywords: Melasma, cosmiatric acids, peeling, hyperthyroidism, dietary regimen, topical treatment. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 11 de abril de 2023.Fecha de aceptación: 29 de junio de 2023.Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2023. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2023-07-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/89 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 No. 12 (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 63-76 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 Núm. 12 (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 63-76 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/89/160 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/89/161 Derechos de autor 2023 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/90 2024-01-28T21:41:05Z gestar:ART

FREQUENCY AND CHARACTERISTICS OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS Frecuencia y características de la hipertensión arterial en pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico Reyes-Paredes, Arturo Xavier Baque-Pin, Jonathan Andrés Chele-Villacreses, Jaime Guillermo Lupus, hipertensión arterial, riesgo cardiovascular Lupus, arterial hypertension, cardiovascular risk Background: High blood pressure confers a significant increase in cardiovascular risk in patients with lupus. Objectives: To characterize arterial hypertension and associated factors in patients with lupus. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was conducted which included 293 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus assisted at Hermanos Amejeiras Hospital between January 2005 and June 2022. Results: Prevalence of arterial hypertension was 46.4%. The most used medication for blood pressure control was diuretics. In multivariate analysis, skin color, alcoholism, absence of comorbidities, lupus bullosus, synovitis, mononeuropathy, levels of Anti-DNAds and Anti-SM, hypocomplementemia and disease damage were the variables that showed a significant and independent association with hypertension. The variables with greater odds in relation to high blood pressure were skin color, Anti-DNAds and Anti-SM levels, as well as disease damage. Conclusions: Non-white skin color, positivity to Anti-DNAds and the presence of disease damage are the variables that are most likely to be related to high blood pressure in patients with lupus. Keywords: Lupus, arterial hypertension, cardiovascular risk. Introducción: La hipertensión arterial confiere un importante incremento del riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes con lupus. Objetivos: Caracterizar la hipertensión arterial y factores asociados en pacientes con lupus. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal que incluyó 293 pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico atendidos en el servició de Reumatología del Hospital Hermanos Amejeiras en el periodo correspondiente a enero 2005 y junio de 2022. Resultados: La frecuencia de HTA fue del 46,4%. El medicamento más empleado para el control de la presión arterial fueron los diuréticos. En el análisis multivariado, las variables que mostraron asociación significativa e independiente con la HTA fueron el color de la piel, el alcoholismo, la ausencia de comorbilidades, el lupus bulloso, la sinovitis, la mononeuropatía, los niveles de Anti-DNAds y Anti-SM, la hipocomplementemia y el daño de la enfermedad. De todas estas variables, las que mostraron una mayor fuerza de asociación fueron el color de la piel, los niveles de Anti-DNAds y Anti-SM, así como el daño de la enfermedad. Conclusiones: El color de piel no blanco, la positividad al Anti-DNAds y la presencia de daño de la enfermedad son las variables que con mayor probabilidad se relacionan con la hipertensión arterial en pacientes con lupus. Palabras claves: Lupus, hipertensión arterial, riesgo cardiovascular. Abstract Background: High blood pressure confers a significant increase in cardiovascular risk in patients with lupus. Objectives: To characterize arterial hypertension and associated factors in patients with lupus. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was conducted which included 293 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus assisted at Hermanos Amejeiras Hospital between January 2005 and June 2022. Results: Prevalence of arterial hypertension was 46.4%. The most used medication for blood pressure control was diuretics. In multivariate analysis, skin color, alcoholism, absence of comorbidities, lupus bullosus, synovitis, mononeuropathy, levels of Anti-DNAds and Anti-SM, hypocomplementemia and disease damage were the variables that showed a significant and independent association with hypertension. The variables with greater odds in relation to high blood pressure were skin color, Anti-DNAds and Anti-SM levels, as well as disease damage. Conclusions: Non-white skin color, positivity to Anti-DNAds and the presence of disease damage are the variables that are most likely to be related to high blood pressure in patients with lupus. Keywords: Lupus, arterial hypertension, cardiovascular risk. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 11 de abril de 2023.Fecha de aceptación: 29 de junio de 2023.Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2023. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2023-07-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/90 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 No. 12 (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 77-89 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 Núm. 12 (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 77-89 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/90/162 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/90/163 Derechos de autor 2023 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/91 2023-10-04T05:40:45Z gestar:ART

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/92 2023-10-04T05:40:45Z gestar:ART

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/93 2023-11-16T01:07:32Z gestar:ART

MANAGEMENT OF LEGG CALVÉ PERTHES DISEASE Manejo de la enfermedad de Legg Calvé Perthes Morillo-Esparza, Cristhian Andres Ochoa-Bravo, Andrea Catalina Diagnóstico temprano, Legg-Calvé-Perthes, Resonancia magnética, Tratamiento multidisciplinario Early diagnosis, Legg-Calvé-Perthes, Magnetic resonance imaging, Multidisciplinary treatment Introduction: Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) is an avascular necrosis of the femoral head that mainly affects children. Although its etiology is uncertain, it has a significant impact on patients' quality of life. Inadequate treatment can lead to complications such as hip osteoarthritis. This research aims to define the best management approach for LCPD, combining therapeutic strategies and based on scientific evidence. Objective: Analyze the management of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease. Methodology: A narrative review of scientific articles on Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease was carried out from January 2018 to August 2023, using databases such as Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Scopus. Recent observational studies were included without language restriction, and duplicated or unrelated articles were excluded. The search combined MESH and DeCS terms with boolean operators. Results: Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, a rare orthopedic condition, is critical for early diagnosis and proper management. Studies suggest more effective detection through magnetic resonance imaging. The choice between conservative and surgical treatment is discussed, although multidisciplinary care is essential. Associated complications include obesity and Blount's disease, and physiotherapy shows no significant results. Conclusion: Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, which affects quality of life, requires early detection through advanced imaging techniques. The controversy between conservative and surgical treatments persists, but the choice must be individualized. Multidisciplinary care and constant updating are crucial for improving outcomes in patients with LCPD. Keywords: Early diagnosis, Legg-Calvé-Perthes, Magnetic resonance imaging, Multidisciplinary treatment. Introducción: La enfermedad de Legg-Calvé-Perthes (LCPD) es una necrosis avascular de la cabeza femoral que afecta principalmente a niños. Aunque su etiología es incierta, tiene un impacto significativo en la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Un tratamiento inadecuado puede llevar a complicaciones como la artrosis de cadera. Esta investigación busca definir el mejor enfoque de manejo para la LCPD, combinando estrategias terapéuticas y basándose en evidencia científica. Objetivo: Analizar el manejo de la enfermedad de Legg-Calve-Perthes. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión narrativa de artículos científicos sobre la enfermedad de Legg Calvé Perthes desde enero de 2018 a agosto de 2023, utilizando bases de datos como Cochrane Library, PubMed y Scopus. Se incluyeron estudios observacionales recientes sin restricción de idioma y se excluyeron artículos duplicados o no relacionados. La búsqueda combinó términos MESH y DeCS con operadores booleanos. Resultados: La enfermedad de Legg-Calvé-Perthes, una condición ortopédica rara, es crítica para diagnóstico temprano y manejo adecuado. Estudios sugieren una detección más eficaz mediante resonancia magnética. La elección entre tratamiento conservador y quirúrgico es discutida, aunque la atención multidisciplinaria es esencial. Las complicaciones asociadas incluyen obesidad y enfermedad de Blount, y la fisioterapia no muestra resultados significativos. Conclusión: La enfermedad de Legg-Calvé-Perthes, que afecta la calidad de vida, requiere detección temprana mediante técnicas avanzadas de imagen. La controversia entre tratamientos conservadores y quirúrgicos persiste, pero la elección debe ser individualizada. Una atención multidisciplinaria y actualización constante son cruciales para mejorar resultados en pacientes con LCPD. Palabras claves: Diagnóstico temprano, Legg-Calvé-Perthes, Resonancia magnética, Tratamiento multidisciplinario. Abstract Introduction: Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) is an avascular necrosis of the femoral head that mainly affects children. Although its etiology is uncertain, it has a significant impact on patients' quality of life. Inadequate treatment can lead to complications such as hip osteoarthritis. This research aims to define the best management approach for LCPD, combining therapeutic strategies and based on scientific evidence. Objective: Analyze the management of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease. Methodology: A narrative review of scientific articles on Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease was carried out from January 2018 to August 2023, using databases such as Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Scopus. Recent observational studies were included without language restriction, and duplicated or unrelated articles were excluded. The search combined MESH and DeCS terms with boolean operators. Results: Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, a rare orthopedic condition, is critical for early diagnosis and proper management. Studies suggest more effective detection through magnetic resonance imaging. The choice between conservative and surgical treatment is discussed, although multidisciplinary care is essential. Associated complications include obesity and Blount's disease, and physiotherapy shows no significant results. Conclusion: Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, which affects quality of life, requires early detection through advanced imaging techniques. The controversy between conservative and surgical treatments persists, but the choice must be individualized. Multidisciplinary care and constant updating are crucial for improving outcomes in patients with LCPD. Keywords: Early diagnosis, Legg-Calvé-Perthes, Magnetic resonance imaging, Multidisciplinary treatment. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 06 de junio de 2023.Fecha de aceptación: 12 de septiembre de 2023.Fecha de publicación: 02 de octubre de 2023. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2023-10-02 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/93 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 No. 12 Ed. esp. (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial octubre 2023); 48-68 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 Núm. 12 Ed. esp. (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial octubre 2023); 48-68 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/93/168 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/93/169 Derechos de autor 2023 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/93 2023-10-04T05:40:45Z gestar:ART

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/94 2023-11-16T01:07:32Z gestar:ART

NEW OVARIAN STIMULATION SCHEMES IN INFERTILITY: LITERATURE REVIEW Nuevos esquemas de estimulación ovárica en infertilidad: revisión bibliográfica Campoverde-Soto, Joselyn Belén Mejia-Campoverde, Lauro Estradiol, FSH, infertilidad, reproducción asistida estradiol, FSH, infertility, assisted reproduction Introduction. Mild ovarian stimulation, that is, low complexity, where no more than 4 eggs are obtained, was proposed more than 20 years ago as an alternative regimen to conventional ovarian stimulation for women undergoing IVF procedures, which assumes that low doses and/or short duration of exogenous gonadotropin can promote the recruitment of few follicles containing the most competent oocytes. Objective. To present the new ovarian stimulation schemes in patients with infertility through a bibliographic review. Methodology. Narrative bibliographic review in studies, meta-analysis, systematic reviews, controlled clinical trials, cohort studies, bibliographic reviews that report information on new ovarian stimulation schemes for patients with infertility, from 2018 to 2023, in English languages and Spanish. Results. Seventeen articles were chosen, where we found that there are diverse types of gonadotropins on the market, urinary and recombinant, presenting both with the same rate of efficacy. The decision to choose between one or the other will depend on the individual criteria of the clinician, who will have considered the cost-benefit ratio. Corifolitropina alfa is a new hybrid molecule that has the same capacity for multifollicular development in ovarian stimulation as the current preparations on the market, with the advantage that it has a longer half-life. Conclusion. Currently there are many ovarian stimulation protocols available. The important thing is, in addition to knowing them all, to know which one best suit each patient. Keywords: estradiol, FSH, infertility, assisted reproduction. Introducción. La estimulación ovárica leve, es decir, la de baja complejidad, en donde se obtienen no más de 4 óvulos, se propuso hace más de 20 años como un régimen alternativo a la estimulación ovárica convencional para mujeres que se someten a procedimientos de FIV, la cual se basa en la suposición de que las dosis bajas y/o la duración breve de la gonadotropina exógena pueden promover el reclutamiento de pocos folículos que contengan los ovocitos más competentes. Objetivo. Exponer los nuevos esquemas de estimulación ovárica en pacientes con infertilidad mediante revisión bibliográfica. Metodología. Revisión bibliográfica tipo narrativa en estudios, metaanálisis, revisiones sistemáticas, ensayos clínicos controlados, estudios de cohortes, revisiones bibliográficas que reporten información sobre los nuevos esquemas de estimulación ovárica para pacientes con infertilidad, desde 2018 a 2023, en los idiomas inglés y español. Resultados. se escogieron 17 artículos, donde encontramos que existen diferentes tipos de gonadotropinas en el mercado, urinarias y recombinantes, presentando ambas con igual tasa de eficacia, la decisión de la elección entre una u otra dependerá de los criterios individuales del clínico, que tendrá en cuenta la relación coste-beneficio. La Corifolitropina alfa es una nueva molécula hibrida que presenta la misma capacidad de desarrollo multifolicular en la estimulación ovárica que los preparados actuales en el mercado, con la ventaja de que tiene una vida media más larga. Conclusión: actualmente se dispone de muchos protocolos de estimulación ovárica. Lo importante es, además de conocerlos todos, saber cuál de ellos se adapta mejor a cada paciente. Palabras claves: Estradiol, FSH, infertilidad, reproducción asistida. Abstract Introduction. Mild ovarian stimulation, that is, low complexity, where no more than 4 eggs are obtained, was proposed more than 20 years ago as an alternative regimen to conventional ovarian stimulation for women undergoing IVF procedures, which assumes that low doses and/or short duration of exogenous gonadotropin can promote the recruitment of few follicles containing the most competent oocytes. Objective. To present the new ovarian stimulation schemes in patients with infertility through a bibliographic review. Methodology. Narrative bibliographic review in studies, meta-analysis, systematic reviews, controlled clinical trials, cohort studies, bibliographic reviews that report information on new ovarian stimulation schemes for patients with infertility, from 2018 to 2023, in English languages and Spanish. Results. Seventeen articles were chosen, where we found that there are diverse types of gonadotropins on the market, urinary and recombinant, presenting both with the same rate of efficacy. The decision to choose between one or the other will depend on the individual criteria of the clinician, who will have considered the cost-benefit ratio. Corifolitropina alfa is a new hybrid molecule that has the same capacity for multifollicular development in ovarian stimulation as the current preparations on the market, with the advantage that it has a longer half-life. Conclusion. Currently there are many ovarian stimulation protocols available. The important thing is, in addition to knowing them all, to know which one best suit each patient. Keywords: estradiol, FSH, infertility, assisted reproduction. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 06 de junio de 2023.Fecha de aceptación: 12 de septiembre de 2023.Fecha de publicación: 02 de octubre de 2023. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2023-10-02 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/94 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 No. 12 Ed. esp. (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial octubre 2023); 69-93 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 Núm. 12 Ed. esp. (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial octubre 2023); 69-93 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/94/170 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/94/171 Derechos de autor 2023 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/94 2023-10-04T05:40:45Z gestar:ART

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/95 2023-11-16T01:07:32Z gestar:ART

IMPETIGO, CELLULITIS, ERYCIPELA & FOLLICULITIS IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS Impétigo, celulitis, ericipela & foliculitis en pacientes pediátricos Herrera-Castillo, Willian Andrés Herrera-Jaramillo, María Isabel Impétigo, celulitis, erisipela, foliculitis, tratamiento del impétigo, agentes etiológicos de la erisipela, ecografía en celulitis, factores de riesgo de la foliculitis Impetigo, cellulitis, erysipelas, folliculitis, treatment of impetigo, etiological agents of erysipelas, ultrasound in cellulitis, risk factors for folliculitis Skin and soft tissue infections are common in pediatrics, mainly caused by disruptions in the skin barrier that allow the entry of microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. Although there is limited local epidemiological information, these pathogens are present on the skin and nasal passages. This descriptive study was based on a literature review of recent articles from recognized scientific journals. The findings show that while skin infections in children are a frequent reason for consultation, their diagnosis is challenging and they are often confused with traumas, leading to delayed treatments and potential complications. The use of ultrasounds and laboratory tests is recommended to improve diagnostic accuracy. Keywords: Impetigo, cellulitis, erysipelas, folliculitis, treatment of impetigo, etiological agents of erysipelas, ultrasound in cellulitis, risk factors for folliculitis. Las infecciones de piel y partes blandas son comunes en pediatría, principalmente causadas por alteraciones de la barrera cutánea que permiten la entrada de microorganismos como Staphylococcus aureus y Streptococcus pyogenes. Aunque hay escasa información epidemiológica local, estos patógenos están presentes en la piel y fosas nasales. Este estudio descriptivo se basó en una revisión bibliográfica de artículos recientes de revistas científicas reconocidas. Los hallazgos muestran que, aunque las infecciones cutáneas en niños son un motivo frecuente de consulta, su diagnóstico es un desafío, y a menudo se confunden con traumas, llevando a tratamientos tardíos y posibles complicaciones. Se recomienda el uso de ecografías y exámenes de laboratorio para mejorar la precisión diagnóstica. Palabras claves: Impétigo, celulitis, erisipela, foliculitis, tratamiento del impétigo, agentes etiológicos de la erisipela, ecografía en celulitis, factores de riesgo de la foliculitis. Abstract Skin and soft tissue infections are common in pediatrics, mainly caused by disruptions in the skin barrier that allow the entry of microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. Although there is limited local epidemiological information, these pathogens are present on the skin and nasal passages. This descriptive study was based on a literature review of recent articles from recognized scientific journals. The findings show that while skin infections in children are a frequent reason for consultation, their diagnosis is challenging and they are often confused with traumas, leading to delayed treatments and potential complications. The use of ultrasounds and laboratory tests is recommended to improve diagnostic accuracy. Keywords: Impetigo, cellulitis, erysipelas, folliculitis, treatment of impetigo, etiological agents of erysipelas, ultrasound in cellulitis, risk factors for folliculitis. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 06 de junio de 2023.Fecha de aceptación: 12 de septiembre de 2023.Fecha de publicación: 02 de octubre de 2023. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2023-10-02 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/95 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 No. 12 Ed. esp. (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial octubre 2023); 94-128 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 Núm. 12 Ed. esp. (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial octubre 2023); 94-128 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/95/172 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/95/173 Derechos de autor 2023 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/95 2023-10-04T05:40:45Z gestar:ART

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/97 2024-01-28T21:41:19Z gestar:ART

INCIDENCE OF DRY EYE SYNDROME: SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS IN ADMINISTRATIVE PERSONNEL, UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA DE MANABÍ Incidencia del síndrome de ojo seco: Análisis sociodemográfico en personal administrativo, Universidad Técnica de Manabí Solórzano-Fernández, Adriana Cecilia Durán-Ospina, Julia Patricia Rey-Rodríguez, Diana Valeria Villafuerte-Mera, Marcos Rolando Síndrome de ojo seco, ergonomía visual, salud ocupacional Dry eye syndrome, visual ergonomics, occupational health The study at the Technical University of Manabí highlights the relevance of dry eye syndrome (SOS) and its prevalence in work environments, especially among administrative personnel exposed to electronic screens. Using a descriptive observational approach, the McMonnies questionnaire was applied to 365 employees to identify symptoms and risk factors associated with SOS. Results indicated that 49% of the participants experienced itching, a common symptom of OSS, while a staggering 88% had not been diagnosed or treated. These findings underscore the need for improved visual ergonomics and eye health practices in the workplace. The conclusions emphasize the importance of prevention, education, and adaptation of the work environment to mitigate the risk of eye disease, thus promoting a more proactive approach to eye health in technology-intensive work settings. Keywords: Dry eye syndrome, visual ergonomics, occupational health. El estudio en la Universidad Técnica de Manabí destaca la relevancia del síndrome de ojo seco (SOS) y su prevalencia en ambientes laborales, especialmente entre el personal administrativo expuesto a pantallas electrónicas. Empleando un enfoque descriptivo observacional, se aplicó el cuestionario de McMonnies a 365 empleados para identificar síntomas y factores de riesgo asociados al SOS. Los resultados indicaron que un 49% de los participantes experimentó picor, un síntoma común del SOS, mientras que un sorprendente 88% no había recibido diagnóstico ni tratamiento. Estos hallazgos subrayan la necesidad de mejorar la ergonomía visual y las prácticas de salud ocular en el lugar de trabajo. Las conclusiones enfatizan la importancia de la prevención, la educación y la adaptación del entorno laboral para mitigar el riesgo de enfermedades oculares, promoviendo así un enfoque más proactivo hacia la salud visual en contextos laborales intensivos en tecnología. Palabras claves: Síndrome de ojo seco, ergonomía visual, salud ocupacional. Abstract The study at the Technical University of Manabí highlights the relevance of dry eye syndrome (SOS) and its prevalence in work environments, especially among administrative personnel exposed to electronic screens. Using a descriptive observational approach, the McMonnies questionnaire was applied to 365 employees to identify symptoms and risk factors associated with SOS. Results indicated that 49% of the participants experienced itching, a common symptom of OSS, while a staggering 88% had not been diagnosed or treated. These findings underscore the need for improved visual ergonomics and eye health practices in the workplace. The conclusions emphasize the importance of prevention, education, and adaptation of the work environment to mitigate the risk of eye disease, thus promoting a more proactive approach to eye health in technology-intensive work settings. Keywords: Dry eye syndrome, visual ergonomics, occupational health. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 23 de octubre de 2023.Fecha de aceptación: 27 de noviembre de 2023.Fecha de publicación: 27 de diciembre de 2023. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2023-12-27 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/97 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 No. 12 Ed. esp. (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial diciembre 2023); 2-14 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 6 Núm. 12 Ed. esp. (2023): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial diciembre 2023); 2-14 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/97/174 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/97/175 Derechos de autor 2023 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/98 2024-06-03T14:16:01Z gestar:ART

THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF BEE HONEY (MELIPONA BEECHEII) AS A HEALING IN WOUNDS AND SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS IN MINOR SPECIES Efectos terapéuticos de la miel de abeja (melipona beecheii) como cicatrizante en heridas e intervenciones quirúrgicas en especies menores Moncayo-Espinoza, idier Josué Castillo-Jaramillo, Michael Jonathan González-Zambrano, Rosa Victoria Miel de abeja, cicatrizante, especies menores, meta – análisis Bee honey, healing, minor species, meta – analysis Melipona Beecheii honey is distinguished by its unique nutritional composition, which includes carbohydrates, antioxidant compounds and enzymes. The objective of this research is to identify the therapeutic effects of bee honey (Melipona Beecheii) as a healing agent in wounds and surgical interventions in minor species. A systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out in specialized databases in search of published articles that provide information on the healing effects of honey in minor species. 10 studies with a total of 190 species were included in the analysis. The results obtained support the effectiveness of honey in reducing inflammatory symptoms, reducing edema and exudate. Its richness in phenolic compounds and flavonoids confers antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits, and stimulates the immune system. Studies have supported its antibacterial and antifungal properties, as well as its anti-inflammatory capacity. Honey has been shown to promote cell regeneration and positively interact with cellular machinery, promoting tissue repair. In conclusion, compared to conventional products, honey emerges as a promising option in the healing of minor species, highlighting specific physical and chemical properties that make it effective and safe. Keywords: Bee honey, healing, minor species, meta – analysis. La miel de Melipona Beecheii se distingue por su composición nutricional única, que incluye carbohidratos, compuestos antioxidantes y enzimas. El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar los efectos terapéuticos de la miel de abeja (Melipona Beecheii) como cicatrizante en heridas e intervenciones quirúrgicas en especies menores. Se realizó una revisión sistemática y meta – análisis en base de datos especializadas en busca de artículos publicados, que aportan información sobre los efectos cicatrizantes de la miel en especies menores. En el análisis fueron incluidos 10 estudios con un total de 190 especies. Los resultados obtenidos respaldan la eficacia de la miel de abeja en la reducción de síntomas inflamatorios, disminución de edema y exudado. Su riqueza en compuestos fenólicos y flavonoides confiere beneficios antioxidantes, antiinflamatorios, y estimula el sistema inmunológico. Estudios han respaldado sus propiedades antibacterianas y antifúngicas, así como su capacidad antiinflamatoria. Se ha demostrado que la miel fomenta la regeneración celular e interactúa positivamente con la maquinaria celular, promoviendo la reparación tisular. En conclusión en comparación con productos convencionales, la miel emerge como una opción prometedora en la cicatrización de especies menores, destacando propiedades físicas y químicas específicas que la hacen efectiva y segura. Palabras claves: Miel de abeja, cicatrizante, especies menores, meta – análisis. Abstract Melipona Beecheii honey is distinguished by its unique nutritional composition, which includes carbohydrates, antioxidant compounds and enzymes. The objective of this research is to identify the therapeutic effects of bee honey (Melipona Beecheii) as a healing agent in wounds and surgical interventions in minor species. A systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out in specialized databases in search of published articles that provide information on the healing effects of honey in minor species. 10 studies with a total of 190 species were included in the analysis. The results obtained support the effectiveness of honey in reducing inflammatory symptoms, reducing edema and exudate. Its richness in phenolic compounds and flavonoids confers antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits, and stimulates the immune system. Studies have supported its antibacterial and antifungal properties, as well as its anti-inflammatory capacity. Honey has been shown to promote cell regeneration and positively interact with cellular machinery, promoting tissue repair. In conclusion, compared to conventional products, honey emerges as a promising option in the healing of minor species, highlighting specific physical and chemical properties that make it effective and safe. Keywords: Bee honey, healing, minor species, meta – analysis. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de octubre de 2023.Fecha de aceptación: 18 de diciembre de 2023.Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2024. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2024-01-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/98 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 7 No. 13 (2024): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 2-21 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 7 Núm. 13 (2024): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 2-21 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/98/176 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/98/177 Derechos de autor 2024 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/99 2024-06-03T14:16:01Z gestar:ART

ONCOLOGICAL CARE AND PALLIATIVE CARE IN MANABÍ. A PSYCHOSOCIAL AND HEALTH APPROACH Atención Oncológica y Cuidados Paliativos en Manabí. Un Enfoque Psicosocial y Salud Saltos-Saldarriaga, Vianka Valeria Vásconez-Aveiga, Marcelo Andrés Quiroz-Rivadeneira, Carmen Monserrate Ortiz-Zambrano, Jhon Kelvin Atención oncológica, cuidados paliativos, enfoque psicosocial Cancer care, palliative care, psychosocial approach Cancer is a major health problem worldwide. This disease is accompanied by a significant emotional burden for those who suffer from it due to the uncertainty of its evolution, the side effects of the treatment, the change in daily life and the symptoms themselves. For these reasons, cancer patients often feel a perception of vulnerability and loss of control that increases their level of distress and makes them need special care. Hence, the importance of palliative care, as it seeks to alleviate the suffering of patients with serious diseases such as cancer, providing care to improve quality of life and the primary objective is to avoid or treat the symptoms and side effects of the disease and of treatment as soon as possible, in addition to treating any psychological, social and spiritual problems related to the disease. Therefore, this article aims to present relevant and updated theoretical aspects on the subject, where the importance of psychosocial factors is highlighted, since they provide patients with mechanisms that allow them to assume the disease and control their emotional state. Keywords: Cancer care, palliative care, psychosocial approach. El cáncer es un problema sanitario de primera magnitud a escala mundial. Esta enfermedad viene acompañada de una carga emocional importante para quien la padece por la incertidumbre de su evolución, los efectos secundarios del tratamiento, el cambio en la vida cotidiana y los síntomas propiamente dichos de la misma. Por estas razones, el paciente oncológico suele sentir una percepción de vulnerabilidad y de pérdida de control que aumentan el nivel de angustia y que le hace necesitar unos cuidados especiales. De allí, la importancia de los cuidados paliativos, pues estos buscan aliviar el sufrimiento de pacientes con enfermedades graves como el cáncer, dando atención para mejorar la calidad de vida y el objetivo primordial es evitar o tratar los síntomas y efectos secundarios de la enfermedad y del tratamiento lo antes posible, además de tratar cualquier problema psicológico, social y espiritual relacionado con la enfermedad. Por ello, el presente artículo pretende exponer aspectos teóricos relevantes y actualizados sobre el tema, donde se resalta la importancia de los factores psicosociales, ya que dotan a los pacientes de mecanismos que le permiten asumir la enfermedad y controlar su estado emocional. Palabras claves: Atención oncológica, cuidados paliativos, enfoque psicosocial. Abstract Cancer is a major health problem worldwide. This disease is accompanied by a significant emotional burden for those who suffer from it due to the uncertainty of its evolution, the side effects of the treatment, the change in daily life and the symptoms themselves. For these reasons, cancer patients often feel a perception of vulnerability and loss of control that increases their level of distress and makes them need special care. Hence, the importance of palliative care, as it seeks to alleviate the suffering of patients with serious diseases such as cancer, providing care to improve quality of life and the primary objective is to avoid or treat the symptoms and side effects of the disease and of treatment as soon as possible, in addition to treating any psychological, social and spiritual problems related to the disease. Therefore, this article aims to present relevant and updated theoretical aspects on the subject, where the importance of psychosocial factors is highlighted, since they provide patients with mechanisms that allow them to assume the disease and control their emotional state. Keywords: Cancer care, palliative care, psychosocial approach. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de octubre de 2023.Fecha de aceptación: 18 de diciembre de 2023.Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2024. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2024-01-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/99 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 7 No. 13 (2024): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 22-43 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 7 Núm. 13 (2024): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 22-43 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/99/178 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/99/179 Derechos de autor 2024 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/101 2024-06-03T14:16:01Z gestar:ART

EFFICACY OF ULTRASOUND-GUIDED INTERSCALENE PLEXUS BLOCK IN UPPER LIMB TRAUMA IN OLDER ADULTS. ABOUT A CASE. Eficacia del bloqueo del plexo interescalénico guiado por ecografía en traumatismo de miembro superior en adulto mayor. A propósito de un caso. Fernández-Villarroel, Juan Gonzalo anestesia, bloqueo, cirugía, ecografía, traumatismo anesthesia, block, surgery, ultrasound, trauma The objective of this research is to expose the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided interscalene plexus block in upper limb trauma in an older adult regarding a case, as well as the evolution of the patient after surgery, allowing us to show the risks, benefits and advantages of this anesthetic technique. Through an observational and descriptive study with a qualitative approach, this research was carried out in the City of Portoviejo, province of Manabí, Ecuador, in a case of an older adult with trauma to the upper limb, previously subjected to an unsuccessful surgical procedure. Therefore, it was decided to correct and replace incorrect osteosynthesis material previously placed through interscalene plexus block, as an anesthetic technique. Thanks to the evolution of ultrasound, it has been possible to advance and improve nerve block techniques through regional anesthesia, and based on the case presented in this research, it can be mentioned that the patient's surgery was successful, with evolution and satisfactory recovery, considering that for these procedures it is important to carefully evaluate the patient's symptoms to know their comorbidities and avoid possible complications during or after the surgical procedure. Keywords: anesthesia, block, surgery, ultrasound, trauma. El objetivo de esta investigación es exponer la eficacia del bloqueo de plexo interescalénico guiado por ecografía en traumatismo de miembro superior en un adulto mayor a propósito de un caso, así como la evolución del paciente posterior a la cirugía, permitiendo mostrar los riesgos, beneficios y ventajas de esta técnica anestésica. A través de un estudio observacional, y descriptivo con un enfoque cualitativo se realizó esta investigación en la Ciudad de Portoviejo, provincia de Manabí, Ecuador, en un caso de adulto mayor con un traumatismo en miembro superior, sometido previamente a procedimiento quirúrgico no exitoso, por lo que se decide corregir y sustituir material de osteosíntesis incorrecto previamente colocado a través de bloqueo de plexo interescalénico, como técnica anestésica. Gracias a la evolución de la ecografía se ha podido avanzar y mejorar las técnicas de bloqueo de nervios por medio de la anestesia regional, y con base en el caso presentado en esta investigación, se puede mencionar que la cirugía del paciente fue exitosa, con evolución y recuperación satisfactoria, considerando que para estos procedimientos es importante evaluar con detenimiento, la clínica del paciente, para conocer sus comorbilidades y evitar posibles complicaciones durante o posterior al procedimiento quirúrgico. Palabras claves: anestesia, bloqueo, cirugía, ecografía, traumatismo. Abstract The objective of this research is to expose the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided interscalene plexus block in upper limb trauma in an older adult regarding a case, as well as the evolution of the patient after surgery, allowing us to show the risks, benefits and advantages of this anesthetic technique. Through an observational and descriptive study with a qualitative approach, this research was carried out in the City of Portoviejo, province of Manabí, Ecuador, in a case of an older adult with trauma to the upper limb, previously subjected to an unsuccessful surgical procedure. Therefore, it was decided to correct and replace incorrect osteosynthesis material previously placed through interscalene plexus block, as an anesthetic technique. Thanks to the evolution of ultrasound, it has been possible to advance and improve nerve block techniques through regional anesthesia, and based on the case presented in this research, it can be mentioned that the patient's surgery was successful, with evolution and satisfactory recovery, considering that for these procedures it is important to carefully evaluate the patient's symptoms to know their comorbidities and avoid possible complications during or after the surgical procedure. Keywords: anesthesia, block, surgery, ultrasound, trauma. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de octubre de 2023.Fecha de aceptación: 18 de diciembre de 2023.Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2024. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2024-01-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf application/pdf https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/101 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 7 No. 13 (2024): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 44-57 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 7 Núm. 13 (2024): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 44-57 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/101/180 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/101/181 Derechos de autor 2024 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/102 2024-06-03T14:25:49Z gestar:ART

CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS LOCATED ON THE RIGHT FOOT. CASE REPORT Leishmaniasis cutánea localizada en Pie Derecho. Reporte de Caso. Martínez-Pérez, Sofía Carolina Pallo, Karen Estefanía Jumbo-Castillo, Karen Mariela Álvarez-Jiménez, Johanna Carolina Leishmaniasis cutánea, Ulcera, Enfermedad tropical Cutaneous leishmaniasis, Ulcer, Tropical disease Introduction: Leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease, represents a significant global health challenge, affecting more than 12 million people worldwide. Between 0.9 and 1.6 million new cases are reported annually, with an alarming 20,000 to 30,000 deaths. In addition, around 350 million individuals are at risk of contracting this disease. In Ecuador, studies on Leishmaniasis have established a more pronounced connection with the precarious conditions prevailing in rural areas. These are the regions where the highest number of reported cases are concentrated, especially in tropical and subtropical environments. Objective: to know the clinical presentation of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Clinical case: 16-year-old patient presenting ulcerative, crusty lesions on the right foot with several weeks of evolution, who reported progressive evolution of the lesion. Complementary tests for amastigotes positive for cutaneous leishmaniasis were performed. Conclusion: it is a dermatologic entity that requires prompt treatment to avoid irreversible complications that compromise the hemodynamic status. Keywords: Cutaneous leishmaniasis, Ulcer, Tropical disease. Introducción: La Leishmaniasis, una enfermedad tropical desatendida, representa un desafío significativo para la salud a escala global, ya que afecta a más de 12 millones de personas en todo el mundo. Se registra anualmente entre 0,9 y 1,6 millones de nuevos casos, con un número alarmante de entre 20.000 y 30.000 fallecimientos. Además, alrededor de 350 millones de individuos se encuentran en riesgo de contraer esta enfermedad. En Ecuador, los estudios realizados sobre la Leishmaniasis han establecido una conexión más pronunciada con las condiciones precarias que prevalecen en las áreas rurales. Estas son las regiones donde se concentra la mayor cantidad de casos reportados, especialmente en entornos tropicales y subtropicales. Objetivo: conocer la presentación clínica de la leishmaniasis cutánea. Caso clínico: paciente de 16 años que acude por presentar lesiones ulcerativas, costrosas en pie derecho con una varias semanas de evolución, el mismo que refiere evolución progresiva de lesión. Se realizan exámenes complementarios para amastigotes positivos para leishmaniasis cutánea. Conclusión: es una entidad dermatológica que requiere de un tratamiento rápido para evitar complicaciones irreversibles que comprometen el estado hemodinámico. Palabras claves: Leishmaniasis cutánea, Ulcera, Enfermedad tropical. Abstract Introduction: Leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease, represents a significant global health challenge, affecting more than 12 million people worldwide. Between 0.9 and 1.6 million new cases are reported annually, with an alarming 20,000 to 30,000 deaths. In addition, around 350 million individuals are at risk of contracting this disease. In Ecuador, studies on Leishmaniasis have established a more pronounced connection with the precarious conditions prevailing in rural areas. These are the regions where the highest number of reported cases are concentrated, especially in tropical and subtropical environments. Objective: to know the clinical presentation of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Clinical case: 16-year-old patient presenting ulcerative, crusty lesions on the right foot with several weeks of evolution, who reported progressive evolution of the lesion. Complementary tests for amastigotes positive for cutaneous leishmaniasis were performed. Conclusion: it is a dermatologic entity that requires prompt treatment to avoid irreversible complications that compromise the hemodynamic status. Keywords: Cutaneous leishmaniasis, Ulcer, Tropical disease. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 07 de marzo de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 20 de mayo de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 03 de junio de 2024. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2024-06-03 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/102 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 7 No. 13 Ed. esp. (2024): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial junio 2024); 2-10 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 7 Núm. 13 Ed. esp. (2024): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial junio 2024); 2-10 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/102/182 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/102/183 Derechos de autor 2024 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/103 2024-06-04T22:22:19Z gestar:ART

BORNOUT SYNDROME IN NURSING AND ITS INFLUENCE ON PATIENT SAFETY, ACCORDING TO THE TIDE MODEL IN MENTAL HEALTH RECOVERY BY PHIL BARKER Síndrome de Burnout en enfermería y su influencia en la seguridad del paciente, según modelo de la marea en la recuperación de la salud mental de Phil Barker Herrera-Jiménez, Mónica Alexandra Elizalde-Ordoñez, Humberto Mendoza-Añamise, Yessenia Abigail Lescano-Ortega, Laura Liliana Brito-Espárragosa, Lorena Isolina burnout, marea, enfermería, paciente, atención burnout, tide, nursing, patient, care Introduction: Research on the impact of burnout syndrome in nursing, from the theoretical perspective of Phil Barker, is essential to deepen the understanding of how this syndrome directly affects the quality of care provided. By identifying the factors that contribute to the development of burnout, it is possible to design more effective preventive and intervention strategies, benefiting both health professionals and patients. Methods: The methodology adopted involved a systematic review of the literature starting in 2018, for which the content analysis of theoretical publications, scientific articles, books, theses and specialized magazines that directly address the topic of study was chosen. Results: The integration of the 19 studies revealed three main trends in burnout syndrome in nursing and its influence on patient safety under the tide model for mental health recovery: (1) the high prevalence and the factors risk associated with burnout; (2) the negative impact of burnout on quality of care and patient safety, and (3) the effectiveness of the tide model in mitigating burnout and improving mental well-being. Conclusions: Studies suggest that the Barker tide model may be an effective strategy to mitigate burnout and improve mental well-being. It offers a renewed perspective, emphasizing the importance of personal and professional recovery through more holistic and personalized care. Keywords: burnout, tide, nursing, patient, care. Introducción: La investigación sobre el impacto del síndrome de burnout en enfermería, desde la perspectiva teórica de Phil Barker, es fundamental para profundizar en la comprensión de cómo este síndrome afecta directamente la calidad del cuidado proporcionado. Al identificar los factores que contribuyen al desarrollo del burnout, es posible diseñar estrategias preventivas y de intervención más efectivas, beneficiando tanto a los profesionales de la salud como a los pacientes. Métodos: La metodología adoptada implicó una revisión sistemática de la literatura a partir del año 2018, para lo cual se ha optado por el análisis de contenido de publicaciones teóricas, artículos científicos, libros, tesis y revistas especializadas que abordan directamente el tema de estudio. Resultados: La integración de los 19 estudios reveló tres tendencias principales en el síndrome de burnout en enfermería y su influencia en la seguridad del paciente bajo el modelo de la marea para la recuperación de la salud mental: (1) la alta prevalencia y los factores de riesgo asociados al burnout; (2) el impacto negativo del burnout en la calidad del cuidado y la seguridad del paciente, y (3) la eficacia del modelo de la marea en mitigar el burnout y mejorar el bienestar mental. Conclusiones: los estudios sugieren que el modelo de la marea de Barker, puede ser una estrategia efectiva para mitigar el burnout y mejorar el bienestar mental. El mismo ofrece una perspectiva renovada, enfatizando la importancia de la recuperación personal y profesional a través de una atención más holística y personalizada. Palabras claves: burnout, marea, enfermería, paciente, atención. Abstract Introduction: Research on the impact of burnout syndrome in nursing, from the theoretical perspective of Phil Barker, is essential to deepen the understanding of how this syndrome directly affects the quality of care provided. By identifying the factors that contribute to the development of burnout, it is possible to design more effective preventive and intervention strategies, benefiting both health professionals and patients. Methods: The methodology adopted involved a systematic review of the literature starting in 2018, for which the content analysis of theoretical publications, scientific articles, books, theses and specialized magazines that directly address the topic of study was chosen. Results: The integration of the 19 studies revealed three main trends in burnout syndrome in nursing and its influence on patient safety under the tide model for mental health recovery: (1) the high prevalence and the factors risk associated with burnout; (2) the negative impact of burnout on quality of care and patient safety, and (3) the effectiveness of the tide model in mitigating burnout and improving mental well-being. Conclusions: Studies suggest that the Barker tide model may be an effective strategy to mitigate burnout and improve mental well-being. It offers a renewed perspective, emphasizing the importance of personal and professional recovery through more holistic and personalized care. Keywords: burnout, tide, nursing, patient, care. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 07 de marzo de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 20 de mayo de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 04 de junio de 2024. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2024-06-04 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/103 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 7 No. 13 Ed. esp. (2024): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial junio 2024); 11-55 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 7 Núm. 13 Ed. esp. (2024): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR (Edición especial junio 2024); 11-55 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/103/184 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/103/185 Derechos de autor 2024 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/104 2024-06-27T16:11:22Z gestar:ART

CHILD MALNUTRITION IN CHILDREN OF 2 TO 3 YEARS OLD IN ZONE 8 IN THE CDI MY DIVINE HOME - SANTA ELENA - ECUADOR Desnutrición Infantil en niños de 2 a 3 años de la zona 8 en el CDI Mi hogar divino - Santa Elena - Ecuador Ron-Daza, María de Lourdes Pincay-Martínez, Argenis Augusto Alimentación, nutrición, niños, familia, hábitos alimenticios Food, nutrition, children, family, eating habits Child malnutrition is a problem that affects the regions of Ecuador, the research topic aims to raise awareness of the importance of proper nutrition in children from 2 to 3 years who are going through a transition stage, leaving breastfeeding and entering the period of stable growth and school, make known the benefits of nutrients in our bodies from early childhood to achieve better development and adequate physical and mental progress avoiding nutritional deficiencies. At the Miraflores Child Development Center in the Posorja parish, it is considered that the majority of parents do not know the food groups should consume the children and the daily intake for their optimal growth. For the development of the research, surveys were conducted, interviews, to know the causes and effects of child malnutrition in children from 2 to 3 years which was applied to a specific number of parents and guidelines, the result was through of tables and graphs to analyze their percentage, which showed that in families there is still lack of knowledge about eating habits. To cope with malnutrition should begin to establish eating habits creating appropriate habits for children of these ages receive the necessary nutrients of each food and thus avoid disease or low weight. Keywords: Food, nutrition, children, family, eating habits. La desnutrición infantil es un problema que afecta a las regiones del Ecuador, el tema de  investigación tiene como objetivo dar a conocer la importancia de una correcta alimentación en niños de 2 a 3 años que atraviesan una etapa de transición dejando la lactancia materna y entrando al periodo de crecimiento estable y escolar, dar a conocer los beneficios que tienen los nutrientes en nuestro organismo desde la primera infancia para  conseguir un mejor desarrollo  y un adecuado progreso físico y mental evitando deficiencias nutricionales. En el Centro de Desarrollo Infantil Miraflores en la parroquia Posorja, se considera que la mayoría de padres desconoce los grupos de alimentos que deben consumir los niños y la ingesta diaria para su optimo crecimiento. Para el desarrollo de la investigación se realizaron encuestas, entrevistas, para conocer las causas y efectos de la desnutrición infantil en niños de 2 a 3 años la cual se aplicó a un número determinado de padres de familia y directivos, el resultado se dio a través de tablas y gráficos para analizar su porcentaje, la cual demostró que en las familias aún hay falta de conocimiento acerca de los hábitos alimenticios. Para combatir la desnutrición se debe empezar a establecer hábitos alimenticios creando costumbres adecuadas para que los niños y niñas de estas edades reciban los nutrientes necesarios de cada alimento y de esta manera evitar enfermedades o bajo peso. Palabras claves: Alimentación, nutrición, niños, familia, hábitos alimenticios. Abstract Child malnutrition is a problem that affects the regions of Ecuador, the research topic aims to raise awareness of the importance of proper nutrition in children from 2 to 3 years who are going through a transition stage, leaving breastfeeding and entering the period of stable growth and school, make known the benefits of nutrients in our bodies from early childhood to achieve better development and adequate physical and mental progress avoiding nutritional deficiencies. At the Miraflores Child Development Center in the Posorja parish, it is considered that the majority of parents do not know the food groups should consume the children and the daily intake for their optimal growth. For the development of the research, surveys were conducted, interviews, to know the causes and effects of child malnutrition in children from 2 to 3 years which was applied to a specific number of parents and guidelines, the result was through of tables and graphs to analyze their percentage, which showed that in families there is still lack of knowledge about eating habits. To cope with malnutrition should begin to establish eating habits creating appropriate habits for children of these ages receive the necessary nutrients of each food and thus avoid disease or low weight. Keywords: Food, nutrition, children, family, eating habits. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 05 de octubre de 2023.Fecha de aceptación: 18 de diciembre de 2023.Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2024. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2024-01-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/104 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 7 No. 13 (2024): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 58-75 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 7 Núm. 13 (2024): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 58-75 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/104/186 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/104/187 Derechos de autor 2024 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/105 2025-01-17T20:26:18Z gestar:ART

MOHS SURGERY IN NASAL BASAL CELL CARCINOMA. CASE REPORT Cirugía de Mohs en Carcinoma Basocelular Nasal. Reporte de Caso Sánchez-Barragán, Karla Abigail Pedraza-Ayala, Katherine Paola Rodríguez-Manssur, Yamid Fernando Ortiz-Ayala, Lisbeth Morales-Trujillo, Elizabeth Yesenia Cirugía de Mohs, Carcinoma basocelular, Cáncer de piel Cutaneous leishmaniasis, Ulcer, Tropical disease Introduction: Moss micrographic surgery is a surgical treatment option for skin cancer. Many authors consider it the gold standard in the treatment of various skin tumors, but the evidence recommends it in specific circumstances. Demand for this technology continues to grow due to its many advantages. As with any surgical procedure, there are some disadvantages and problems. It is important to note that as the incidence of skin cancer increases, Moss surgery will continue to expand and improve. Objective: to know the surgical technique of the application of Mohs surgery in a patient with nasal basal cell carcinoma. Clinical case: 63 year old patient presented for several months with ulcerative lesion located in the right lateral nasal region. Conclusion: Moss surgery is a safe and effective treatment option for skin cancer, especially basal cell carcinoma and primary and recurrent squamous cell carcinoma. Its main advantages are: faster healing speed, better tissue preservation (better cosmetic results). Keywords: Cutaneous leishmaniasis, Ulcer, Tropical disease. Introducción: la cirugía micrográfica de Moss es una opción de tratamiento quirúrgico para el cáncer de piel. Muchos autores lo consideran el estándar de oro en el tratamiento de diversos tumores de piel, pero la evidencia lo recomienda en circunstancias concretas. La demanda de esta tecnología sigue creciendo debido a sus múltiples ventajas. Como ocurre con cualquier procedimiento quirúrgico, existen algunas desventajas y problemas. Es importante destacar que a medida que aumente la incidencia del cáncer de piel, la cirugía de Moss seguirá expandiéndose y mejorando. Objetivo: conocer la técnica quirúrgica de la aplicación de la cirugía de Mohs en un paciente con Carcinoma Basocelular Nasal. Caso clínico: paciente de 63 años de edad acude por presentar desde hace varios meses lesión ulcerativa localizada en región nasal lateral derecha. Conclusión: la cirugía Moss es una opción de tratamiento segura y eficaz para el cáncer de piel, especialmente el carcinoma de células basales y el carcinoma de células escamosas primario y recurrente. Sus principales ventajas son: mayor velocidad de cicatrización, mejor conservación de los tejidos (mejores resultados cosméticos). Palabras claves: Cirugía de Mohs, Carcinoma basocelular, Cáncer de piel. Abstract Introduction: Moss micrographic surgery is a surgical treatment option for skin cancer. Many authors consider it the gold standard in the treatment of various skin tumors, but the evidence recommends it in specific circumstances. Demand for this technology continues to grow due to its many advantages. As with any surgical procedure, there are some disadvantages and problems. It is important to note that as the incidence of skin cancer increases, Moss surgery will continue to expand and improve. Objective: to know the surgical technique of the application of Mohs surgery in a patient with nasal basal cell carcinoma. Clinical case: 63 year old patient presented for several months with ulcerative lesion located in the right lateral nasal region. Conclusion: Moss surgery is a safe and effective treatment option for skin cancer, especially basal cell carcinoma and primary and recurrent squamous cell carcinoma. Its main advantages are: faster healing speed, better tissue preservation (better cosmetic results). Keywords: Cutaneous leishmaniasis, Ulcer, Tropical disease. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 10 de abril de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 25 de junio de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2024. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2024-07-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/105 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 7 No. 14 (2024): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 2-7 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 7 Núm. 14 (2024): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 2-7 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/105/188 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/105/189 Derechos de autor 2024 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/106 2025-01-17T20:26:18Z gestar:ART

CLINICAL CASE REPORT. SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF RIGHT TESTICULAR TORSION IN A PEDIATRIC PATIENT Reporte de Caso Clínico. Manejo Quirúrgico de Torsión testicular derecha en paciente pediátrico Manzano-Quisimalin, Devora Estefanía torsión testicular, urgencia urológica, hidrocele reactivo, necrosis Testicular torsion, urological emergency, reactive hydrocele, necrosis DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/gt.v7i14.0151 Testicular torsion is a urological emergency. Although it can occur at any age, it is more common in newborns and adolescents. There are two types of testicular torsion: extravaginal (more common in newborns) and intravaginal (in adolescents). Inadequate fixation of the testicles can cause twisting of the spermatic cord that contains the vas deferens, which can lead to further infarction of the gland. Testicular torsion can occur as a result of injury or exercise, but it can also occur spontaneously. It presents with moderate to severe pain and nausea. On examination, the scrotal lift reflex usually disappears. Subsequently, it is revealed: increased size and echogenicity of the testicles, the testicle may be elevated, and lateral compared to the contralateral testicle. There may be reactive hydrocele and thickening of the scrotum. Diagnosis by Doppler ultrasound: the first vascularization can be preserved. A high impedance recording with diastolic inversion and loss of blood flow is then observed. Furthermore, its treatment is emergency surgery. The clinical case report of an 11-year-old pediatric patient is presented who reports intense right testicular pain lasting 5 hours. The same one that is managed urgently, and acute scrotal pathology is identified through signs and symptoms and laboratory tests. Keywords: Testicular torsion, urological emergency, reactive hydrocele, necrosis. DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/gt.v7i14.0151 Resumen La torsión testicular es una urgencia urológica. Aunque puede ocurrir a cualquier edad, es más común en recién nacidos y adolescentes. Hay dos tipos de torsión testicular: extravaginal (más común en recién nacidos) e intravaginal (en adolescentes). Una fijación inadecuada de los testículos puede provocar la torsión del cordón espermático que contiene los conductos deferentes, lo que puede provocar un mayor infarto de la glándula. La torsión testicular puede ocurrir como consecuencia de una lesión o ejercicio, pero también puede ocurrir de manera espontánea. Se presenta con dolor y náuseas de moderados a intensos. En la exploración, el reflejo de elevación escrotal suele desaparecer. Posteriormente se revela: aumento del tamaño y ecogenicidad de los testículos, el testículo puede estar elevado y lateral en comparación con el testículo contralateral. Puede haber hidrocele reactivo y engrosamiento del escroto. Diagnóstico por ecografía Doppler: se puede conservar la primera vascularización. Luego se observa un registro de alta impedancia con inversión diastólica y pérdida de flujo sanguíneo. Además, su tratamiento es la cirugía de urgencia. Se presenta el reporte de caso clínico de un paciente pediátrico de 11 años el cual refiere dolor testicular derecho, intenso de 5 horas de evolución. El mismo que se maneja de carácter urgente y se identifica patología escrotal aguda mediante signos y síntomas y exámenes de laboratorio. Palabras claves: torsión testicular, urgencia urológica, hidrocele reactivo, necrosis. Abstract Testicular torsion is a urological emergency. Although it can occur at any age, it is more common in newborns and adolescents. There are two types of testicular torsion: extravaginal (more common in newborns) and intravaginal (in adolescents). Inadequate fixation of the testicles can cause twisting of the spermatic cord that contains the vas deferens, which can lead to further infarction of the gland. Testicular torsion can occur as a result of injury or exercise, but it can also occur spontaneously. It presents with moderate to severe pain and nausea. On examination, the scrotal lift reflex usually disappears. Subsequently, it is revealed: increased size and echogenicity of the testicles, the testicle may be elevated, and lateral compared to the contralateral testicle. There may be reactive hydrocele and thickening of the scrotum. Diagnosis by Doppler ultrasound: the first vascularization can be preserved. A high impedance recording with diastolic inversion and loss of blood flow is then observed. Furthermore, its treatment is emergency surgery. The clinical case report of an 11-year-old pediatric patient is presented who reports intense right testicular pain lasting 5 hours. The same one that is managed urgently, and acute scrotal pathology is identified through signs and symptoms and laboratory tests. Keywords: Testicular torsion, urological emergency, reactive hydrocele, necrosis. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 10 de abril de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 25 de junio de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2024. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2024-07-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/106 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 7 No. 14 (2024): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 8-16 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 7 Núm. 14 (2024): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 8-16 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/106/190 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/106/191 Derechos de autor 2024 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/107 2025-01-17T20:26:18Z gestar:ART

OMISSION OF NURSING CARE AND JEAN WATSON'S THEORY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW Omisión del cuidado de Enfermería y la teoría de Jean Watson: Una revisión sistemática Mendoza-Añamise, Yessenia Abigail Castillo-Castillo, María Auxiliadora Herrera-Jiménez, Mónica Alexandra Pillajo-Pillajo, Sandy Jacqueline Villao-Figueroa, Marlene Carolina Calidad del cuidado en salud, cuidado humanizado, omisión del cuidado, sobrecarga laboral, teoría de Jean Watson Quality of health care, humanized care, omission of care, work overload, Jean Watson theory This study examines the interaction between high workload and neglect in nursing and its impact on the application of Jane Watson's humanistic theory of nursing. The aim: to examine how the work intensity of nursing professionals and the incidence of neglect in nursing care interacts with the fundamental concepts suggested by Jean Watson, influencing nursing practice. Methodology: A systematic literature review was carried out, analysing scientific articles available in the following databases: Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science. Following the PRISMA guidelines, applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, with research published between 2018 and 2023 in Spanish, English, German, French and Chinese. Results: The study found a significant correlation between: overwork and neglect of nursing care. Influenced by the factors: physical and mental fatigue, understaffing and time constraints. Conclusions: The findings confirm that Watson's theory can decrease omission in care, but the present working conditions limit its implementation. The importance of training nursing staff is framed, along with the improvement of working conditions and psychological well-being of these professionals. Keywords: Quality of health care, humanized care, omission of care, work overload, Jean Watson theory. Este estudio examina la interacción entre la alta carga de trabajo, la omisión del cuidado de Enfermería y el impacto de la aplicación de la teoría humanista de Jean Watson. El Objetivo: Examinar cómo la intensidad del trabajo de los profesionales de Enfermería y la incidencia de descuidos en la atención interactúa con los conceptos fundamentales sugeridos por Jean Watson, influenciando la praxis de Enfermería. Metodología: Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de literatura, analizando artículos científicos disponibles en las bases de datos: Scopus, PubMed y Web of Science, siguiendo las pautas PRISMA, aplicando criterios de inclusión y exclusión, con investigaciones publicadas en el período 2018 y 2023 en idiomas español, inglés, alemán, francés y chino. Resultados: El estudio encontró una correlación significativa entre: exceso de trabajo y abandono de los cuidados de Enfermería, influenciado por los factores: fatiga física y mental, falta de personal y limitaciones de tiempo. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos confirman que la teoría de Watson puede disminuir la omisión en el cuidado, pero las condiciones laborales presentes limitan su implementación. Se enmarca la importancia de capacitar al personal de Enfermería, junto con la mejora de las condiciones laborales y bienestar psicológico de estos profesionales. Palabras claves: Calidad del cuidado en salud, cuidado humanizado, omisión del cuidado, sobrecarga laboral, teoría de Jean Watson. Abstract This study examines the interaction between high workload and neglect in nursing and its impact on the application of Jane Watson's humanistic theory of nursing. The aim: to examine how the work intensity of nursing professionals and the incidence of neglect in nursing care interacts with the fundamental concepts suggested by Jean Watson, influencing nursing practice. Methodology: A systematic literature review was carried out, analysing scientific articles available in the following databases: Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science. Following the PRISMA guidelines, applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, with research published between 2018 and 2023 in Spanish, English, German, French and Chinese. Results: The study found a significant correlation between: overwork and neglect of nursing care. Influenced by the factors: physical and mental fatigue, understaffing and time constraints. Conclusions: The findings confirm that Watson's theory can decrease omission in care, but the present working conditions limit its implementation. The importance of training nursing staff is framed, along with the improvement of working conditions and psychological well-being of these professionals. Keywords: Quality of health care, humanized care, omission of care, work overload, Jean Watson theory. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 10 de abril de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 25 de junio de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2024. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2024-07-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/107 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 7 No. 14 (2024): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 17-45 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 7 Núm. 14 (2024): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 17-45 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/107/192 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/107/193 Derechos de autor 2024 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

oai:ojs2.journalgestar.org:article/108 2025-01-17T20:26:18Z gestar:ART

ERYTHRODERMA SECONDARY TO SCABIES REPORTED IN THE ECUADORIAN AMAZON Eritrodermia Secundaria a Escabiosis reportada en la Amazonia Ecuatoriana Martínez-Pérez, Sofía Carolina Guerrero-Guerrero, Elizabeth Giovanna Recalde-Torres, María José escabiosis, eritema, descamación, prurito erythema, desquamation, pruritus Introduction: Erythroderma is a dermatological condition characterized by the presence of redness and scaling over a large area, covering more than 80-90% of the skin of the body, with consequences that can have a fatal outcome. There are several reasons why this may occur, such as different skin diseases that cause inflammation, negative responses to certain medications and, less frequently, possible causes such as tumors or infections. The latter include scabies, a skin condition caused by parasites that causes intense itching and skin lesions. Objective: to know the clinical presentation of erythroderma caused by a parasitic pathology such as scabies. Clinical case: 45-year-old patient presents with intense itching and skin lesions for three months, erythema and skin desquamation can be observed on most of his body surface. Conclusion: Erythroderma is a medical condition characterized by the presence of redness on more than 90% of the skin of the body. The most common reasons for erythroderma include conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, toxicity skin reactions and malignant blood diseases such as mycosis fungoides. In unusual situations, scabies can cause a generalized reddening of the skin known as erythroderma. Keywords: erythema, desquamation, pruritus. Introducción: la eritrodermia es una condición dermatológica que se caracteriza por la presencia de enrojecimiento y descamación en una gran extensión, que abarca más del 80-90% de la piel del cuerpo, con consecuencias que pueden tener un desenlace fatal. Hay varias razones por las que puede ocurrir esto, como diferentes enfermedades de la piel que causan inflamación, respuestas negativas a ciertos medicamentos y, con menos frecuencia, posibles causas como tumores o infecciones. Dentro de estas últimas, se incluye la escabiosis, una afección en la piel causada por parásitos que provoca picazón intensa y lesiones en la piel. Objetivo: conocer la presentación clínica de eritrodermia que es causada por una patología parasitaria como es la escabiosis. Caso clínico: paciente de 45 años de edad acude por presentar desde hace tres meses intenso prurito y lesiones cutáneas, se puede observar eritema y descamación cutánea en la mayor parte de su superficie corporal. Conclusión: la eritrodermia es una condición médica que se caracteriza por la presencia de enrojecimiento en más del 90% de la piel del cuerpo. Las razones que con mayor frecuencia provocan eritrodermia incluyen afecciones como eccemas, psoriasis, reacciones cutáneas por toxicidad y enfermedades sanguíneas malignas, como por ejemplo la micosis fungoide. En situaciones inusuales, la sarna puede provocar un enrojecimiento generalizado de la piel conocido como eritrodermia. Palabras claves: escabiosis, eritema, descamación, prurito. Abstract Introduction: Erythroderma is a dermatological condition characterized by the presence of redness and scaling over a large area, covering more than 80-90% of the skin of the body, with consequences that can have a fatal outcome. There are several reasons why this may occur, such as different skin diseases that cause inflammation, negative responses to certain medications and, less frequently, possible causes such as tumors or infections. The latter include scabies, a skin condition caused by parasites that causes intense itching and skin lesions. Objective: to know the clinical presentation of erythroderma caused by a parasitic pathology such as scabies. Clinical case: 45-year-old patient presents with intense itching and skin lesions for three months, erythema and skin desquamation can be observed on most of his body surface. Conclusion: Erythroderma is a medical condition characterized by the presence of redness on more than 90% of the skin of the body. The most common reasons for erythroderma include conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, toxicity skin reactions and malignant blood diseases such as mycosis fungoides. In unusual situations, scabies can cause a generalized reddening of the skin known as erythroderma. Keywords: erythema, desquamation, pruritus. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 10 de abril de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 25 de junio de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 10 de julio de 2024. SOARCI: SOCIEDAD ACADÉMICA DE REDES DE REVISTAS CIENTÍFICAS E INVESTIGACIÓN 2024-07-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf text/html https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/108 GESTAR Arbitrated Scientific Journal in Health Research. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 7 No. 14 (2024): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 46-52 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273.; Vol. 7 Núm. 14 (2024): Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR; 46-52 2737-6273 spa https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/108/194 https://journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/108/195 Derechos de autor 2024 Revista Científica Arbitrada en Investigaciones de la Salud GESTAR. ISSN: 2737-6273. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 8f71e62c66ff8e75c73cc6e1d0c0e104