Factores socio-económicos y su relación con la salud bucal en pre-escolares
Palabras clave:
Salud bucal, socioeconómico, preescolar, caries de la primera infancia (CPI), sistema educativoResumen
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/gt.v9i17.0349
Resumen
Objetivo: Analizar el comportamiento prevalente del factor socioeconómico de la salud bucal que presentan los niños de etapa preescolar. Metodología: Se realizo un estudio de literatura de enfoque transversal mediante la búsqueda de artículos relacionados con los distintos temas de investigación en SciELO, PubMed, Google Scholar, LILACS, UpToDate y ELSEVIER. La búsqueda se adaptó a la inclusión, el tema del Factor socioeconómico y su relación con la salud bucal en preescolares publicada a partir del 2018. Resultados: La salud bucal en preescolares actualmente en países en vías de desarrollo es complejo, ya que los niños de 1 a 5 años sufren caries de la primera infancia (CPI), el 96%, además de gingivitis en un 1%. El conocimiento de los padres y la alfabetización en salud bucal son los predictores claves a los que se debe apuntar preferentemente con miras a reducir las desigualdades sociales en salud. Conclusión: Es crucial comprender la influencia del factor socioeconómico sobre la salud bucal en preescolares, con el fin de identificar posibles desigualdades y tomar medidas para abordarlas aportando la formulación de programas que promuevan una mejor salud oral en esta población vulnerable.
Palabras claves: Salud bucal, socioeconómico, preescolar, caries de la primera infancia (CPI), sistema educativo.
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the prevalent behavior of the socioeconomic factor of oral health presented by preschool children. Methodology: A cross-sectional literature study was carried out by searching for articles related to the different research topics in SciELO, PubMed, Google Scholar, LILACS, UpToDate and ELSEVIER. The search was adapted to inclusion, the topic of Socioeconomic Factor and its relationship with oral health in preschoolers published since 2018. Results: Oral health in preschoolers currently in developing countries is complex, since children of 1 to 5 years old suffer from early childhood caries (ECC), 96%, in addition to gingivitis in 1%. Parental knowledge and oral health literacy are the key predictors that should preferably be targeted with a view to reducing social inequalities in health. Conclusion: It is crucial to understand the influence of the socioeconomic factor on oral health in preschoolers, in order to identify possible inequalities and take measures to address them by providing the formulation of programs that promote better oral health in this vulnerable population.
Keywords: Oral health, socioeconomic, preschool, early childhood caries, educational system.
Información del manuscrito:
Fecha de recepción: 12 de diciembre de 2025.
Fecha de aceptación: 10 de febrero de 2026.
Fecha de publicación: 10 de marzo de 2026.
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