PERITONEAL TUBERCULOSIS IN A 48-YEAR-OLD MALE PATIENT. CASE REPORT

Abstract

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/gt.v8i16.0295

Abstract

Tuberculosis remains a global health challenge with high morbidity and mortality rates. It is the tenth leading cause of death worldwide. The peritoneal form arises from the reactivation of latent foci in the peritoneum, often due to hematogenous spread of a pulmonary infection. Its clinical presentation is usually nonspecific and progressive, making early diagnosis crucial for appropriate treatment. Common symptoms include ascites, abdominal pain, fever, and weight loss. Peritoneal tuberculosis is often detected incidentally in acute surgical abdomen. Male patient with one month of symptoms, including mild abdominal pain (VAS 5/10), hyporexia, anorexia, and weight loss. Laboratory tests showed leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, hyperosmolar hyponatremia, and elevated nitrogen compounds. Ascites was detected on abdominal examination. During hospitalization, an endoscopy was performed with no relevant findings, and a paracentesis was performed for abdominal pain and ascites. The clinical picture worsened with abdominal pain and fever >38.5 °C, so antibiotics were started and an urgent exploratory laparotomy was performed. Conclusions: Wet peritoneal tuberculosis is characterized by abundant protein exudate ascites. Peritoneal biopsy is the preferred method for definitive diagnosis.

Keywords: Laparoscopic Surgery; Infection; Peritonitis.