Intervenciones de enfermería basadas en evidencia para la prevención de infecciones asociadas a catéter venoso central: Revisión de la literatura

Wendy Nayeli Yánez-Catota; María Fernanda Guerrero-LluMitaxi; Denisse Stefania Pilco-Herrera

Authors

Yánez-Catota Wendy Nayeli Licenciada en enfermería. Latacunga, Ecuador. https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4125-9406
Guerrero-LluMitaxi María Fernanda Enfermería. Guaranda, Ecuador. https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8424-5941
Pilco-Herrera Denisse Stefania Enfermería. Guaranda, Ecuador. https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5235-2441

Keywords:

central venous catheter; CLABSI; bloodstream infection; evidence-based nursing; infection prevention; patient safety

Abstract

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/gt.v9i17.0363

Abstract

Introduction: Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) are preventable adverse events with substantial clinical impact in intensive care, inpatient, oncology, nephrology and long-term care settings. Although catheter insertion may involve physicians and vascular access teams, sustained prevention largely depends on nursing care during preparation, insertion assistance, maintenance, daily surveillance and timely removal. Objective: To analyze evidence-based nursing interventions for preventing central venous catheter-associated infections, integrating international guidelines and recent literature. Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, SciELO, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar and technical documents from CDC, SHEA/IDSA/APIC, WHO, APSIC and ISID. Clinical guidelines, systematic reviews, consensus documents and studies published between 2019 and 2026 were prioritized, without excluding classic reference documents due to their regulatory relevance. Results: The most consistent interventions include education and periodic competency assessment, hand hygiene, aseptic technique, maximal sterile barriers during insertion, alcoholic chlorhexidine skin antisepsis, insertion checklists, standardized insertion-site care, rigorous hub disinfection, transparent or chlorhexidine-impregnated dressings in selected patients, daily review of catheter necessity, timely removal, adherence audits and feedback. Conclusions: Prevention of central venous catheter-associated infections requires a nurse-led multimodal strategy integrated with medical teams, infection prevention, pharmacy, laboratory and hospital management. Success depends not on a single measure but on reliable adherence to care bundles throughout the catheter life cycle.

Keywords: central venous catheter; CLABSI; bloodstream infection; evidence-based nursing; infection prevention; patient safety.

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References

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