IMPACT OF TOBACCO USE IN PREGNANT WOMEN ON FETAL GROWTH AND SHORT- AND LONG-TERM NEONATAL DEVELOPMENT
Keywords:
Pregnancy; Newborn; Maternal health; SmokingAbstract
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/gt.v9i18edespsep.0423
Abstract
Tobacco use during pregnancy is a public health issue due to its association with adverse maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes. The objective was to analyze the impact of tobacco use in pregnant women and its primary consequences for maternal, fetal, and newborn health. A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA 2021 statement. PubMed, SciELO, ScienceDirect, and Redalyc were searched for publications from 2021 to 2026. Original articles and reviews directly related to smoking during pregnancy and its maternal, fetal, or perinatal effects—published in either Spanish or English—were included. Information was organized using the structuring method and an evidence synthesis matrix. The reviewed evidence showed consistent associations between maternal smoking and low birth weight, preterm birth, fetal growth restriction, and increased admission to neonatal intensive care units. Potential effects on infant cognitive and motor development were identified, as well as associations with certain urogenital malformations. However, not all outcomes showed significant associations; this was the case for autism spectrum disorder.
Keywords: Pregnancy; Newborn; Maternal health; Smoking.
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