EFFECTIVENESS OF MULTICOMPONENT EXERCISE FOR FALL PREVENTION IN OLDER ADULTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Keywords:
multicomponent exercise; fall prevention; postural balance; functional mobility; older adultsAbstract
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/gt.v9i18edespsep.0438
Abstract
Falls are a relevant health problem in older adults because of their association with injuries, loss of independence, and functional decline. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the effectiveness of multicomponent exercise programs for reducing falls and improving balance, mobility, strength, and functional capacity. A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020, using a narrative synthesis because of clinical and methodological heterogeneity. Primary studies published from January 2021 through August 31, 2026 were considered. Eligible participants were adults aged 60 years or older, and interventions combined at least two components among strength, balance, gait, endurance, flexibility, coordination, or functional tasks. Twelve primary studies were included. RoB 2 assessment showed a predominance of “some concerns”. GRADE certainty was moderate for balance/physical performance, low for fall incidence and functional mobility, and very low for fear of falling. The findings suggest that multicomponent exercise may improve physical performance and contribute to fall prevention; however, protocol heterogeneity prevents defining a single standardized dose.
Keywords: multicomponent exercise; fall prevention; postural balance; functional mobility; older adults.
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